scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN MANGROVE RHIZOPHORA MUCRONATA DAN AVICENNIA OFFICINALIS SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN SERBUK EFFERVESCENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nirmala Efri Hasibuan ◽  
Sumartini Sumartini
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Avicennia Officinalis ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Made In

Rhizophora mucronata dan Avicennia officinalis merupakan jenis mangrove yang memiliki potensi kandungan bioaktif yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini ekstrak daun mangrove kering dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber zat aktif pada effervescent.  Pembuatan granul effervescent ekstrak daun mangrove menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Granul effervescent dibuat dalam lima formulasi dengan memvariasikan kadar ekstrak daun mangrove. Granul effervescent ekstrak daun mangrove yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik berwarna kuning kecoklatan, pH 5.05-5.81, kadar air 2,042 - 2,809%, Waktu larut 62,33 - 91, 33 detik, kadar tanin 2,59 - 3,91% dan kadar fenol 1,69 - 3,86 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap perbedaan spesies daun mangrove terhadap karakteristik serbuk effervescent sedangkan formulasi yang berbeda menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (P<0,05) dari karakteristik serbuk effervescent daun mangrove. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa daun mangrove memiliki potensi digunakan sebagai minuman effervescent karena konten fenol dan tanin yang dihasilkan. ABSTRACT Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia officinalis are mangrove species that have high bioactive content potential. In this study dried mangrove leaf extract was used as a source of active substances in effervescent. Effervescent granules of mangrove leaf extracts using the wet granulation method. Effervescent granules are made in five formulations by varying the levels of mangrove leaf extracts. Characteristics effervescent granules of mangrove leaf extract produced have brownish yellow, pH 5.05-5.81, moisture content 2.042-2.809%, soluble time 62.33 - 91, 33 seconds, tannin content 2.59 - 3.91% and phenol content 1 , 69 - 3.86%. The results showed there were no significant(P>0,05) differences in various species of mangrove leaf  however the differences of formulation showed there were significant (P<0,05) with the characteristics of mangrove leaves powder effervescent Based on result showed that mangrove leaf have a potencial for effervescent drink because of his phenol and tannin content.

scholarly journals Studies on Canopy Parameters of Some Mangroves Along the Coast of Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Narendra Kulkarni ◽  
Leela J. Bhosale
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Kandelia Candel ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Aegiceras Corniculatum ◽  
Excoecaria Agallocha ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Avicennia Officinalis

Mangrove species, viz., Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina var. acutissima, Avicennia marina (dwarf), Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Aegiceras  corniculatum, Kandelia  candel were chosen for measurement of height of the tree and girth or circumference. The sampling was random and at least 50 records were made. The girth is measured by the tape. The measurement of the height is made with the help of abny level. The Tables 1 to 8 records the values for girth, height and canopy cover as well as for correlation coefficient (r). There correlation between girth and canopy in all the species studied however in case of Avicennia officinalis and Aegiceras corniculatum girth and height show more co-relation than girth and C. cover. The positive co-relation observed between girth and canopy is more or less 0.7 except Avicennia marina (dwarf) Excoecaria agallocha and Aegiceras corniculatum. The co-relation is observed in girth and height is difficult to explain. This case is observed in Avicennia officinalis and Aegiceras corniculatum.

scholarly journals Antifouling-Bacterial Potentials of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) and Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) Leaf Extracts in Freshwater Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Sesilia Rani Samudra ◽  
Ren Fitriadi ◽  
Bintang Marhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Wood Surface ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Cosmos Caudatus ◽  
Bioactive Content

Biofouling refers to the attachment of organisms to the surface of an object submerged in water. It is often undesirable due to its detrimental effects, meanwhile, one way of managing biofouling is via antifouling. This study aims to examine the potential of kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) and bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) leaves extracts as an alternative to natural antifouling. The research was conducted using the exploration method where the extract of both plants was examined in field and laboratory scales. Moreover, the extracts were mixed with paint without antifouling and then tested on a field scale by painting on wooden blocks. Observations were made by counting the number of microfouling in form of bacterial colonies attached to the painted wood surface by scraping the surface of the wood submerged in freshwater for one week. The results showed that the number of bacterial colonies with kenikir leaves extract was less than the bandotan extract. Moreover, based on the phytochemical analysis results, both kenikir and bandotan extracts contain alkaloids, steroids, tannins and saponins, however, the alkaloid content in kenikir leaf extract was higher compared to bandotan leaves. In conclusion, kenikir leaves extract has greater potential as an alternative source of antifouling compared to bandotan because the former has more bioactive content, especially alkaloid compounds.

scholarly journals Uji Toksisitas dengan Menggunakan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (Bslt) Pada Ekstrak Mangrove (Avicennia Marina, Rhizophora Mucronata, Sonneratia Alba dan Xylocarpus Granatum) yang Berasal dari Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Elsy Puspitasari, Rozirwan, M. Hendri
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Toxicity Level

Abstrak             Mangrove merupakan salah satu sumber senyawa bioaktif yang berasal dari wilayah pesisir dan diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung dan menganalisis tingkat toksisitas serta membandingkan kemampuan toksisitas ekstrak daun, batang dan akar mangrove (A. marina, R. mucronata, S. alba dan X. granatum) yang berasal dari Pesisir Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi ; pengambilan dan preparasi sampel, ekstraksi, uji toksisitas dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan analisis data menggunakan Analisa Probit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat tiga ekstrak yang bersifat toksik dan sembilan ekstrak tidak toksik terhadap larva A. salina. Ekstrak yang bersifat toksik terdapat pada daunditandai dengan nilai LC50< 1000 μg/mL. Ekstrak daun A. marina 403.44 μg/mL,  R. mucronata 709.7 μg/mL dan S. alba 801.75 μg/mL. Ekstrak daun A. marina memiliki kemampuan toksisitas lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan ekstrak lainnya. Kata Kunci : Artemia salina, Banyuasin, BSLT, Ekstrak mangrove, Potensi antikanker Abstract            Mangrove is one of the bioactive compound sources from coastal area and has known as potential anticancer. The purposes of this study were to calculate and analyze the toxicity level of each mangrove species (Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba and Xylocarpus granatum) and determine the strongest toxicity level among those species. The procedures in this study included ; samplescollection and preparation, extraction, toxicity test used Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method and data analyzed Probit Analysis. The results showed that three extracts had the potential toxicity and nine other extracts had no toxicity effect to Artemia salina larvae. The toxic extracts contained in the leaves were characterized by LC50  < 1000 μg/mL. The leaf extract toxicity of A. marina, R. mucronata and S. alba were 403.44 μg/mL, 709.7 μg/mLand 801.75 μg/mL, respectively. The A. marina leaf extract had a potential to be the strongest toxic among other extracts.Keywords : Artemia salina, Banyuasin, BSLT, Mangrove extract, Potential  anticancer 

scholarly journals Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Ekstrak Daun Lamun (Thalassia hemprichii)

WARTA FARMASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Nirwati Rusli ◽  
Eny Nurhikma ◽  
Elma Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Made In

  Lamun (Thalassia hemprichii) merupakan tanaman utama dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kecantikan, obat, dan bidang farmasi. yang memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid tanin dan fenol. yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus  aureus. Aktifitas ini lebih efektif dibuat dalam sediaan sabun. Sabunyang dapat membunuh bakteri dikenal dengan sabun antiseptik. dengan menggunakan ekstrak daun lamun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun lamun dapat di formulasikan sabun mandi padat dan Untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dari ekstrak daun lamun (Thalassiahemprichi) yang memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik dan uji stabilitas sediaan sabun padat. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dengan membuat sediaan sabun padat. Daun lamun di ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian dibuat sediaan sabun padat dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun lamun sebesar 15% (FA), 25% (FB), 35% (FC). Formulasi di uji secara evaluasi fisik pada suhu kamar dan cycling test. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi organoleptik, pH sediaan, homogenitas, cycling test dan waktu ruang.   Hasil evaluasi fisik sediaan sabun padat ekstrak daun lamun yang dilakukan selama 4 minggu menunjukkan ketiga formula yang dibuat memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik sediaan,yaitu formula C karena memiliki bentukya padat. Kata kunci : Ekstrak daun lamun, Sabun Padat, evaluasi fisik dan uji stabiilitas sediaan.   ABSTRACT   Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) is the main plant used as a beauty ingredient, medicine, and pharmaceutical field. which contains alkaloids, tannin flavonoids and phenols. which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This activity is more effectively made in soap preparations. Soaps that can kill bacteria are known as antiseptic soaps. by using seagrass leaf extract. The purpose of this study is to find out whether seagrass leaf extracts can be formulated in solid soap and to determine the concentration of seagrass leaf extracts (Thalassia hemprichi) that meet the physical evaluation and stability tests of solid soap preparations. The type of research conducted was an experiment by making solid soap preparations. Seagrass leaves were extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then made into a solid soap preparation with a concentration of seagrass extract at 15% (FA), 25% (FB), 35% (FC). The formulation was tested by physical evaluation at room temperature and by cycling test. Evaluation of preparations includes organoleptic, dosage pH, homogeneity, cycling tests and time space. The results of physical evaluation of seagrass leaf extract solid soap which was carried out for 4 weeks showed that the three formulas that were made met the physical evaluation requirements of the preparation, namely formula C because it has a solid form. Keywords: Seagrass leaves extract, Solid Soap, physical evaluation and stabiility test preparations.

Antibacterial Activities of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Puspa Julistia Puspita ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Nirmala Peni Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Herbal Plants

Piper crocatum is one of medicinal herbal plants with a large number of benefits. Usually herbal plants have activity as antibacterial agent. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to obtain information on antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum againts four types of bacteria, in that Staphylococcus, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and then to analyze the phytochemistry of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum. The leaves of Piper crocatum were extracted by maceration and reflux using ethanol 30%. The assays of the antibacterial activities and phytochemistry on the extracts were carried out using the method of Maria Bintang. Results showed that the yield of the extraction using ethanol by maceration method was 20.8%. Meanwhile, using the reflux method, the yield was obtained about 26.25%. The phytochemistry analysis showed that the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum contained alkaloid, steroid and tanin. According to this study, it was found that the leaf extract of Piper crocatum can be used to inhibit the growth of B. subtilis and P. aeuruginosa, but can not inhibit the growth of E.coli and S. aureus.

Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
O. Uyi, ◽  
I.G. Amolo ◽  
A.D. Adetimehin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN HAMA Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera : Bruchidae)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Yustina M.S.W Puu ◽  
Hildegardis Nalti Nansi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Contact Poison ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Callosobruchus Chinensis is a pest that damages mung bean seeds in storage and causes damage to both the quality and quantity of seeds. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf extracts in suppressing the development of the Callosobruchus Chinensis pest as one of the postharvest pests in the commodity green beans. This research conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The concentration of neem leaf extract treatment is 0 ml / l, 25 ml / l, 30 ml / l, 35 ml / l, and 40 ml / l. The results showed that the concentration of neem leaf extract 40 ml / l caused mortality of C. Chinensis imago as contact poison by 99% and nerve poison by 47%. While the effectiveness of the limb leaf extract on spawning activity was 86%.

scholarly journals Characterization of Phytoconstituents from Alcoholic Extracts of Four Woody Species and Their Potential Uses for Management of Six Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Identified from Some Plant Hosts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325
Author(s):  
Mohamed Z. M. Salem ◽  
Abeer A. Mohamed ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Dunia A. Al Al Farraj
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Conium Maculatum

Background: Trees are good sources of bioactive compounds as antifungal and antioxidant activities. Methods: Management of six molecularly identified Fusarium oxysporum isolates (F. oxy 1, F. oxy 2, F. oxy 3, F. oxy 4, F. oxy 5 and F. oxy 6, under the accession numbers MW854648, MW854649, MW854650, MW854651, and MW854652, respectively) was assayed using four extracts from Conium maculatum leaves, Acacia saligna bark, Schinus terebinthifolius wood and Ficus eriobotryoides leaves. All the extracts were analyzed using HPLC-VWD for phenolic and flavonoid compounds and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid (BCB) bleaching assays. Results: In mg/kg extract, the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds p-hydroxy benzoic, benzoic, gallic, and rosmarinic acids, with 444.37, 342.16, 311.32 and 117.87, respectively, were observed in C. maculatum leaf extract; gallic and benzoic acids with 2551.02, 1580.32, respectively, in A. saligna bark extract; quinol, naringenin, rutin, catechol, and benzoic acid with 2530.22, 1224.904, 798.29, 732.28, and 697.73, respectively, in S. terebinthifolius wood extract; and rutin, o-coumaric acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, resveratrol, and rosmarinic acid with 9168.03, 2016.93, 1009.20, 1156.99, and 574.907, respectively, in F. eriobotryoides leaf extract. At the extract concentration of 1250 mg/L, the antifungal activity against the growth of F. oxysporum strains showed that A. saligna bark followed by C. maculatum leaf extracts had the highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG%) against F. oxy 1 with 80% and 79.5%, F. oxy 2 with 86.44% and 78.9%, F. oxy 3 with 86.4% and 84.2%, F. oxy 4 with 84.2, and 82.1%, F. oxy 5 with 88.4% and 86.9%, and F. oxy 6 with 88.9, and 87.1%, respectively. For the antioxidant activity, ethanolic extract from C. maculatum leaves showed the lowest concentration that inhibited 50% of DPPH free radical (3.4 μg/mL). Additionally, the same extract observed the lowest concentration (4.5 μg/mL) that inhibited BCB bleaching. Conclusions: Extracts from A. saligna bark and C. maculatum leaves are considered potential candidates against the growth of F. oxysporum isolates—a wilt pathogen—and C. maculatum leaf as a potent antioxidant agent.

scholarly journals In vitro anti-bacterial activity of Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract and its phytochemical screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
B. Praiwala ◽  
S. Priyanka ◽  
N. Raghu ◽  
N. Gopenath ◽  
A. Gnanasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Screening Assay

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is the main concern worldwide to combat infectious. Over the years studies on leaf extracts Tinospora cordifolia have demonstrated the potent role its antibacterial property. The current study is an attempt to test its antibacterial property against Escherichia coli cell division. Material and methods: Phytochemical screening assay of T. cordifolia leaf extract was done using standard procedure and the results showed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, terpenoid, steroid, tannin, amino acid, flavonoid and glycoside components. Results: HPLC analysis revealed the presence of berberine in T. cordifolia leaf extract. Further E. coli cells were treated with berberine to study its efficacy in inhibiting cell division. Antibacterial assay was performed by using disc diffusion method. Conclusion: Among aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, chloroform, hexane and acetone extract only methanolic extract showed zone of inhibition.

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