scholarly journals Usability of End-to-End Encryption in E-Mail Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Reuter ◽  
Ahmed Abdelmaksoud ◽  
Karima Boudaoud ◽  
Marco Winckler
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Identity Theft ◽  
Usability Study ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Public Keys ◽  
End To End ◽  
Technology Users ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
E Mail

This paper presents the results of a usability study focused on three end-to-end encryption technologies for securing e-mail traffic, namely PGP, S/MIME, and Pretty Easy Privacy (pEp). The findings of this study show that, despite of existing technology, users seldom apply them for securing e-mail communication. Moreover, this study helps to explain why users hesitate to employ encryption technology in their e-mail communication. For this usability study, we have combined two methods: 1) an online survey, 2) and user testing with 12 participants who were enrolled in tasks requiring e-mail encryption. We found that more than 60% of our study participants (in both methods) are unaware of the existence of encryption technologies and thus never tried to use one. We observed that above all, users 1) are overwhelmed with the management of public keys and 2) struggle with the setup of encryption technology in their e-mail software. Nonetheless, 66% of the participants consider secure e-mail communication as important or very important. Particularly, we found an even stronger concern about identity theft among e-mail users, as 78% of the participants want to make sure that no other person is able to write e-mail on their behalf.

scholarly journals The Impact Of The Lockdown Status On Student Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Fiki Setiawan ◽  
Taiman Taiman
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Internet Connectivity ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
E Mail

This study aims to describe the impact of the lockdown amid the COVID-19 outbreak on university students in West Java. An online survey was conducted from July 1 to July 8 2020. The structural questionnaire instrument used was the 'Google form' sent to students via WhatsApp and E-mail. A total of 231 students provided complete information regarding the survey. Simple percentage distribution is used to assess the learning status of study participants. During the lockdown period, around 70% of students were involved in e-learning. Most of the students use android phones to follow e-learning. Students have faced various problems related to anxiety depression, poor internet connectivity, and a low learning environment. Students from remote and marginalized areas, especially face significant challenges to learning during this pandemic. This study suggests targeted interventions to create positive spaces for learning among students as part of society. Strategies are urgently needed to build a sound education system during the pandemic to not interfere with student skills and productivity.  

scholarly journals Keep/Refer-Decision-Making Abilities and Screening for Serious Pathologies as Integral Components of Physiotherapy Education and Profession

physioscience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Lackenbauer ◽  
Jessie Jansen ◽  
Hazel Roddam ◽  
James Selfe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Clinical Decisions ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgeons ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Physiotherapy Education

Abstract Background Several surveys over the last few years examined physiotherapists’ attitude towards direct access, increased practice autonomy and the necessity to detect the presence of serious pathologies. Objective The aim of the questionnaire was identify the attitude of Austrian physicians towards physiotherapists’ taking more responsibility in the case of clinical decisions. Method An online survey was distributed by e-mail among 1000 general practitioners and 395 orthopaedic surgeons working in private practice in Austria during autumn 2017. Results The study included 76 general practitioners (7.6 %) and 40 orthopaedic surgeons (10 %). 90 % of the responding general practitioners and 68 % of the orthopaedic surgeons believed that Austrian physiotherapists should be able to decide whether physiotherapy is indicated or not. Conclusion The majority of the study participants were in favour of Austrian physiotherapists taking more responsibility and that they independently decide about physiotherapeutic indication.

scholarly journals Emotional Bonding and Sexual Activity During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-National Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182110274
Author(s):  
Deblina Roy ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
Russell Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures have affected the sexuality and emotional bonding among the couple across the world. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the married people’s emotional bonding and sexual relationships in 3 south Asian counties (Bangladesh, India, and Nepal). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Bangladesh, India, and Nepal residents from April 3 to April 15, 2020. The survey was designed in English. The participants were selected through convenience sampling technique, the link of the online questionnaire was shared with the participants. Only participants older than 18 years and above, married, and living with their spouses were included in the study. Results: A total number of 120 respondents were included finally for analysis from the participating countries (India, Nepal, and Bangladesh). The mean age of the participants was 35.42 (±5.73) years; the majority were males under the age of 40 years and had completed postgraduation as their qualification. Among the study participants, more than half (53.8%) of the women reported being sexually active during the lockdown, whereas 41% of the men reported being sexually active. Among the sexually active participants, most women (57.7%) reported that they perceived positive emotional bonding with their partners. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference observed when compared with men. There are variations in responses. However, no significant association was identified. Conclusion: There are a few insights from the study, that is, there was no significant difference found in almost 3 countries in emotional intimacy. There had been a trend that there is improved emotional bonding with their partners, although no significant difference was observed.

Shattering the Glass Podium: Successes and Setbacks of Women in Collegiate Choral Conducting

2021 ◽  
pp. 875512332110183
Author(s):  
Melissa Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Choral Conducting ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
The Status ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Experiences Of Women

The purpose of this study was to explore the status and experiences of women in collegiate choral conducting positions. Out of all collegiate choral conductors ( N = 992) at institutions accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music in the United States, 68.65% ( n = 681) were men and 31.35% ( n = 311) were women at the time of this study; I invited the women collegiate choral conductors to serve as study participants. Ninety-six respondents completed an online survey, resulting in a response rate of 30.86%. I collected data through a researcher-designed survey. First, I asked respondents to provide demographic information and respond to Likert-type and open-ended prompts related to three domains: gaining entry into the profession, navigating the profession, and issues surrounding gender. I analyzed data through descriptive statistics and qualitative methods of assigning codes, combining codes into themes, and displaying the data. I addressed general discrepancies in the self-reported attitudes of respondents. Although women reported an overall attitude of satisfaction as choral conductors in their Likert-type responses, many respondents detailed several instances of gender discrimination and other challenges in their open-ended responses. Implications for the music profession, including specific strategies to help empower women in collegiate choral conducting settings, are discussed.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH AND CONCERNS REGARDING CURRICULUM IN FINAL YEAR MBBS STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Mruthyunjaya N ◽  
Vaibhavi PS ◽  
Vinod Kulkarni G
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The current SARS CoV-2 pandemic has affected the mental health of various sectors of the country while it has also jeopardised the education system. In this background the present study was done to explore the mental health of the nal year medical undergraduate students and their concerns regarding the curriculum. Materials and Methods:An online survey was conducted among the nal year MBBS students in India and psychiatric morbidity was measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. A total of 83 complete responses out of 130 were received and the data was assessed using SPSS software. Results: Out of the 83 study participants, about 34.9% were depressed, about 39.5% and 32.9% were having anxiety and stress, respectively. Sleep disturbances were signicantly associated with depressive symptoms (p value - 0.0001) and those with stress (p value - 0.01) while change in appetite was also signicantly associated with stress (p value - 0.01). Conclusion: The current pandemic has led to growing concerns in the educational sector especially medical education where MBBS students are facing psychological distress along with newer challenges in their academics like distant education as against traditional bedside teaching for acquiring clinical skills.

Hospital discharge planning for Canadians experiencing homelessness

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy Buccieri ◽  
Abram Oudshoorn ◽  
Tyler Frederick ◽  
Rebecca Schiff ◽  
Alex Abramovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Discharge Planning ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Communication Privacy ◽  
E Mail

Purpose People experiencing homelessness are high-users of hospital care in Canada. To better understand the scope of the issue, and how these patients are discharged from hospital, a national survey of key stakeholders was conducted in 2017. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The Canadian Observatory on Homelessness distributed an online survey to their network of members through e-mail and social media. A sample of 660 stakeholders completed the mixed-methods survey, including those in health care, non-profit, government, law enforcement and academia. Findings Results indicate that hospitals and homelessness sector agencies often struggle to coordinate care. The result is that these patients are usually discharged to the streets or shelters and not into housing or housing with supports. The health care and homelessness sectors in Canada are currently structured in a way that hinders collaborative transfers of patient care. The three primary and inter-related gaps raised by survey participants were: communication, privacy and systems pressures. Research limitations/implications The findings are limited to those who voluntarily completed the survey and may indicate self-selection bias. Results are limited to professional stakeholders and do not reflect patient views. Practical implications Identifying systems gaps from the perspective of those who work within health care and homelessness sectors is important for supporting system reforms. Originality/value This survey was the first to collect nationwide stakeholder data on homelessness and hospital discharge in Canada. The findings help inform policy recommendations for more effective systems alignment within Canada and internationally.

scholarly journals Email Vs. Instagram Recruitment Strategies For Online Survey Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Rafael R. Moraes ◽  
Marcos B. Correa ◽  
Ândrea Daneris ◽  
Ana B. Queiroz ◽  
João P. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Recruitment Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
E Mail

Abstract In this study, we describe a method for reaching a target population (i.e., dentists practicing in Brazil) to engage in survey research using traditional e-mail invites and recruitment campaigns created on Instagram. This study addresses methodological aspects and compares respondents reached by different methods. A pre-tested questionnaire was used and participants were recruited for 10 days via a source list of email addresses and two discrete Instagram organic open campaigns. A total of 3,122 responses were collected: 509 participants were recruited by email (2.1% response rate) and 2,613 by the two Instagram campaigns (20.7% and 11.7% conversion rates), respectively. Response/min collection rates in the first 24 h ranged between 0.23 (email) and 1.09 (first campaign). In total, 98.8% of all responses were received in the first 48 h for the different recruitment strategies. There were significant differences for all demographic variables (p< 0.001) between email and Instagram respondents, except for sex (p=0.37). Instagram respondents were slightly older, had more professional experience (years in practice), and a higher graduate education level than email respondents. Moreover, most email and Instagram respondents worked in the public sector and private practice, respectively. Although both strategies could collect responses from all Brazilian regions, email responses were slightly better distributed across the five territorial areas compared to Instagram. This study provides evidence that survey recruitment of a diverse, large population sample using Instagram is feasible. However, combination of email and Instagram recruitment led to a more diverse population and improved response rates.

scholarly journals Cyberstalking victimization

Temida ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Vida Vilic
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Electronic Communication ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Identity Theft ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Chat Rooms ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Personal Photos ◽  
E Mail

Global social networks contributed to the creation of new, inconspicuous, technically perfect shape of criminality which is hard to suppress because of its intangible characteristics. The most common forms of virtual communications? abuse are: cyberstalking and harassment, identity theft, online fraud, manipulation and misuse of personal information and personal photos, monitoring e-mail accounts and spamming, interception and recording of chat rooms. Cyberstalking is defined as persistent and targeted harassment of an individual by using electronic communication. The victim becomes insecure, frightened, intimidated and does not figure out the best reaction which will terminate the harassment. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance and necessity of studying cyberstalking and to point out its forms in order to find the best ways to prevent this negative social phenomenon. Basic topics that will be analyzed in this paper are the various definitions of cyberstalking, forms of cyberstalking, and the most important characteristics of victims and perpetators.

Redactioneel

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Onderzoek Naar ◽  
Tijdschrift Voor ◽  
E Mail

Dit nummer van het Tijdschrift voor Communicatiewetenschap bevat vijf artikelen. Het eerste artikel is getiteld: Professionele journalistieke identiteit in een digitale omgeving: Een essay. De overgang van de gedrukte kranten naar digitaal nieuws verandert de journalistiek. José van Dijck analyseert in dit artikel het spanningsveld waarin kwaliteitsjournalistiek zich ontwikkelt en zij presenteert een heuristiek waarmee nieuwsorganisaties zich kunnen positioneren ten opzichte van oude en nieuwe spelers in het multimediale domein.Ook in het tweede artikel speelt de digitalisering van de maatschappij een rol. Dit artikel, Virale commercials: de consument als marketeer, is echter niet gericht op de journalistiek, maar op online reclame-uitingen. Paul Ketelaar, Pleuni Lucassen en Gemma Kregting presenteren de resultaten van een online survey onder jongeren naar de motieven van deze consumenten om ‘virale commercials’ door te sturen. Daarbij gaan ze ook na in hoeverre inhoudskenmerken van virale commercials en de mediumcontext (e-mail of sociale netwerksite) het doorstuurgedrag verklaren.In het derde artikel, Wat is nationaal aan nationale cinema? Het academisch debat in kaart gebracht, gaat Jasmijn Van Gorp in op de verschuivingen in het wetenschappelijk denken over naties en nationale identiteit in relatie tot de filmindustrie. Het concept ‘nationale cinema’ is al bijna 20 jaar onderwerp van discussie en in dit artikel worden de visies van verschillende auteurs geëxpliciteerd. Uit de bespreking van deze visies valt de evolutie in het denken over nationale cinema af te leiden.Het vierde en vijfde artikel hebben betrekking op gezondheidscommunicatie. Sanne Schinkel, Barbara Schouten en Julia van Weert hebben onderzoek gedaan naar de informatie- en participatiebehoeften van huisartspatiënten. In hun artikel Communicatie met Nederlandse en Turkse patiënten in de huisartsenpraktijk: Een exploratief onderzoek naar verschillen in informatie- en participatiebehoeften, bespreken ze de verschillen tussen Nederlandse en Turkse huisartspatiënten. Voor en na een huisartsconsult hebben Nederlandse en Turkse patiënten vragenlijsten ingevuld. Op grond van deze gegevens concluderen de auteurs dat niet alleen de informatiebehoeften tussen Turkse en Nederlandse patiënten verschillen, maar ook dat Turkse patiënten de informatie van de huisarts minder begrijpelijk vinden en dat ze na het consult meer onvervulde informatiebehoeften hebben dan Nederlandse patiënten.

SPIT

2009 ◽  
pp. 1339-1344
Author(s):  
Kevin Curran
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Identity Theft ◽  
Internet Telephony ◽  
Urban Legends ◽  
The People ◽  
Junk Mail ◽  
Spam Filters ◽  
New Type ◽  
Monty Python ◽  
E Mail

Spam in the computer does not simply mean ads. Spam is any message, article, or ad that repeats itself an unacceptable number of times so that it causes annoyance. The content of the spam is of no importance. It could contain your simple “Make Money Fast” hyperlink or a beautiful piece of poetry, but if the message is continuously repeated it becomes spam. The term spam is thought to have been taken from a famous Monty Python sketch. In that sketch spam came with everything the people ordered and the waitress would be constantly saying the word spam. Therefore the meaning of spam is something that repeats itself causing much anger or annoyance. Spam can be categorized as follows: • Junk mail: Mass mailings from legitimate businesses that is unwanted. • Noncommercial spam: Mass mailings of unsolicited messages without an apparent commercial motive including chain letters, urban legends, and joke collections. • Offensive and pornographic spam: Mass mailings of “adult” advertisements or pornographic pictures. • Spam scams: Mass mailings of fraudulent messages or those designed to con people out of personal information for the purpose of identity theft and other criminal acts. • Virus spam: Mass mailings that contain viruses, Trojans, malicious scripts, and so forth. Spoofing (Schwartz & Garfinkel, 1998) is a technique often used by spammers to make them harder to trace. Trojan viruses embedded in e-mail messages also employ spoofing techniques to ensure the source of the message is more difficult to locate (Ishibashi, Yamai, Abe, & Matsuura, 2003). Spam filters and virus scanners can only eliminate a certain amount of spam and also risk catching legitimate e-mails. As the SoBig virus has demonstrated, virus scanners themselves actually add to the e-mail traffic through notification and bounceback messages. SMTP is flawed in that it allows these e-mail headers to be faked, and does not allow for the sender to be authenticated as the “real” sender of the message (Geer, 2004). This article looks at a new type of spam known as spam over Internet telephony (SPIT).

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