scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccines in Indonesia: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Acceptance Among Dental Professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Citra Fragrantia Theodorea ◽  
Armelia Sari Widyarman ◽  
Iwan Dewanto ◽  
Tri Erri Astoeti
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dental Professionals

Background: At the time of writing, the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Indonesia has exceeded 2 million. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in and unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems, including the one in Indonesia. Healthcare professionals, especially dentists, have an increased risk of contracting the virus. Many dental professionals in Indonesia have been exposed to the virus through close contact with aerosols and droplets from the oral cavities of their patients and have subsequently become infected. The Indonesian government commenced its COVID-19 vaccination program in January 2021. It is necessary to achieve high COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates among health workers. However, immunizations are voluntary, and some healthcare workers may be reluctant to receive them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of dental professionals of COVID-19 vaccines.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among dentists taking part in the Indonesia Dental Association webinar in June 2021. Google Docs was used to create an online questionnaire, which was disseminated to the participants at the end of the webinar. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions developed after being reviewed by experts. The questionnaire collected demographic data (age, gender, location, and affiliation/institution) and data on the dental professionals' knowledge and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in Indonesia as well as their attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. The respondents selected one option (agree/neutral/disagree) in response to each statement in the questionnaire. For data analysis, the respondents were divided into three groups according to their professional activity/employment category: national hospital (GOV), private hospital (PRIVATE), or academic faculty in a dental school (ACADEMIC). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and expressed as frequencies and percentages. A chi-square test was used to investigate the association between professional activity and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines.Results: In total, 779 dentists from 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the questionnaire. There were 646 (83%) females and 133 (17%) males, with an age range of 24–73 years. In terms of the distribution of professional affiliations, the respondents included 23 (3%) academics, 285 (36.5%) private hospital/private practice practitioners, and 471 (60.5%) national hospital practitioners. In the statistical analysis, unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Conclusions: Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is an essential determinant of vaccine uptake and the likelihood of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. There is agreement between dental professionals in private hospitals and academic faculties (dental school) regarding the need for COVID-19 vaccination. Developing strategies to reduce public hesitation and increase trust is vital for implementing vaccination programs, and dentists can play a role in increasing the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals Evaluating Healthcare Workers Needs and Empowering Them During Pandemics.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikeoluwa Ayomiposi Akintujoye
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Government

Healthcare workers play an essential and critical role in mitigating the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the population. In the United States, estimated confirmed cases are over 3million as of July 8, 2020. Healthcare workers have increased risk of infection and, likewise, their close contact. Healthcare workers are the frontline heroes in this battle with their families as collateral damage. During the outbreak, healthcare workers have taken drastic steps to reduce the risk of infecting their family members. Some have moved out of their homes, staying in hotels, in makeshift tents in their garage, or staying with fellow healthcare workers while having decided to stay home not just because they want to get infected but mainly because they do not want to infect their loved ones and families. This paper explains how to encourage health workers to work during a disease outbreak, such as the current coronavirus called COVID-19. It is an eye-opener to what the Government can do to keep health workers encouraged to continue to render services by providing the necessary medical equipment, disposable and non-disposable gears, continuous education on proper hand hygiene, and regular check on the stockpile. The suggestion is for health workers to shower and change into a different cloth when going back home at the end of every shift, and the clothes wore at work will be recycled at the disinfecting unit within the hospital. The hospital should provide scrub that can be recycled. It will reduce the rate at which infection spread out of the hospital.Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, disinfecting, and recycling work outfit, healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Older adults’ vaccine hesitancy: psychosocial predictors of influenza, pneumococcal, & shingles vaccine uptake

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 913-914
Author(s):  
Louise Brown Nicholls ◽  
Allyson Gallant ◽  
Nicola Cogan ◽  
Susan Rasmussen ◽  
David Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Influenza, pneumococcal disease, and shingles are more prevalent in older people, with this group having an increased risk of developing severe illnesses and complications. These illnesses are preventable via vaccination, but uptake of these vaccines is low and decreasing year-on-year. However, little research has focused on understanding the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy in older adults. We implemented a cross-sectional survey to determine the self-reported vaccination behaviours of 372 UK-based adults aged 65-92 years. We assessed previous uptake and future intention to receive the influenza, pneumococcal, and shingles vaccines. Participants also self-reported their health and socio-demographic data, and completed two scales measuring the psychological factors associated with vaccination behaviour (5C and VAX scales). Self-reported daily functioning, cognitive ability, and social support were also assessed. Considerably more participants had received the influenza vaccine in the last 12 months (83.6%), relative to having ever received the pneumococcal (60.2%) and shingles vaccines (58.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that a lower sense of collective responsibility independently predicted lack of uptake of all three vaccines in this population. Greater calculation of the disease/vaccination risk and preference for natural immunity also predicted not getting the influenza vaccine. For both the pneumococcal and shingles vaccines, concerns about profiteering predicted lack of uptake. Therefore, more understanding of vaccine benefits and disease risks may be required for these vaccines. Additional qualitative data generally supported these findings, which can contribute to future intervention development and research targeted at more diverse groups (e.g. older adults with cognitive impairments).

scholarly journals Q-methodology identifies distinctive viewpoints of the facilitators and barriers to six-month exclusive breastfeeding in Northeast Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110118
Author(s):  
Thiwawan Thepha ◽  
Debbie Marais ◽  
Jacqueline Bell ◽  
Somjit Muangpin
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Q Method ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Breastfeeding Knowledge ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Patient Department

Background: The six-month exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rate almost halved between 2009 and 2013 in Northeast Thailand for no clear reason. Specific facilitators and barriers to six-month EBF have been identified for Thailand, but mothers’ views on these factors to continuing EBF breastfeeding until six months have not been explored in this region. Aim: This study aimed to prioritize mothers’ views on the identified facilitators and barriers of continuing six-month exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: Q-methodology was applied. This research was conducted at Well Baby Out-Patient Department of Khonkaen Hospital, Numphong Hospital and a private hospital. Thirty-four mothers, who had recently delivered infants aged between four and six months, were breastfeeding/had breastfed, were 20 to 40 years old, participated. Demographic data were analysed descriptively, and Q-method analysis was conducted using the PQ Method software 2.35. Results: There was consensus that having knowledge about the advantages of EBF was the most important facilitator of six-month EBF, and ‘not having any other responsibilities besides caring for her infant’ was the least important facilitator of six-month EBF. Three viewpoints emerged identifying different groups/clusters of mothers, namely, (1) caring for self, (2) requiring support and (3) breastfeeding knowledge. Conclusions: Despite some consensus among participants, three distinct viewpoints emerged regarding which facilitators and barriers were important to mothers. It is clear that a programme to improve the six-month EBF rate in Northeast Thailand would need to incorporate interventions or activities that address the different viewpoints identified.

scholarly journals Predictive modeling for peri-implantitis by using machine learning techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Mameno ◽  
Masahiro Wada ◽  
Kazunori Nozaki ◽  
Toshihito Takahashi ◽  
Yoshitaka Tsujioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vector Machines

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to create a model for predicting the onset of peri-implantitis by using machine learning methods and to clarify interactions between risk indicators. This study evaluated 254 implants, 127 with and 127 without peri-implantitis, from among 1408 implants with at least 4 years in function. Demographic data and parameters known to be risk factors for the development of peri-implantitis were analyzed with three models: logistic regression, support vector machines, and random forests (RF). As the results, RF had the highest performance in predicting the onset of peri-implantitis (AUC: 0.71, accuracy: 0.70, precision: 0.72, recall: 0.66, and f1-score: 0.69). The factor that had the most influence on prediction was implant functional time, followed by oral hygiene. In addition, PCR of more than 50% to 60%, smoking more than 3 cigarettes/day, KMW less than 2 mm, and the presence of less than two occlusal supports tended to be associated with an increased risk of peri-implantitis. Moreover, these risk indicators were not independent and had complex effects on each other. The results of this study suggest that peri-implantitis onset was predicted in 70% of cases, by RF which allows consideration of nonlinear relational data with complex interactions.

scholarly journals Cutaneous anthrax outbreak associated with handling dead animals, Rhino Camp sub-county: Arua District, Uganda, January–May 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Ntono ◽  
Daniel Eurien ◽  
Lilian Bulage ◽  
Daniel Kadobera ◽  
Julie Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Multiple Exposures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax

Abstract Background On 18 January 2018 a 40 year old man presented with skin lesions at Rhino Camp Health Centre. A skin lesion swab was collected on 20 January 2018 and was confirmed by PCR at Uganda Virus Research Institute on 21 January 2018. Subsequently, about 9 persons were reported to have fallen ill after reporting contact with livestock that died suddenly. On 9 February 2018, Arua District notified Uganda Ministry of Health of a confirmed anthrax outbreak among humans in Rhino Camp sub-county. We investigated to determine the scope and mode of transmission and exposures associated with identified anthrax to guide control and prevention measures. Methods We defined a suspected cutaneous anthrax case as onset of skin lesions (e.g., papule, vesicle, or eschar) in a person residing in Rhino Camp sub-county, Arua District from 25 December 2017 to 31 May 2018. A confirmed case was a suspected case with PCR-positivity for Bacillus anthracis from a clinical sample. We identified cases by reviewing medical records at Rhino Camp Health Centre. We also conducted additional case searches in the affected community with support from Community Health Workers. In a retrospective cohort study, we interviewed all members of households in which at least one person had contact with the carcasses of or meat from animals suspected to have died of anthrax. We collected and tested hides of implicated animals using an anthrax rapid diagnostic test. Results We identified 14 case-patients (1 confirmed, 13 suspected); none died. Only males were affected (affected proportion: 12/10,000). Mean age of case-persons was 33 years (SD: 22). The outbreak lasted for 5 months, from January 2018–May 2018, peaking in February. Skinning (risk ratio = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1–6.7), dissecting (RR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.2–7.6), and carrying dead animals (RR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1–6.7) were associated with increased risk of illness, as were carrying dissected parts of animals (RR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.3–6.5) and preparing and cooking the meat (RR = 2.3, 95% CI 0.9–5.9). We found evidence of animal remains on pastureland. Conclusion Multiple exposures to the hides and meat of animals that died suddenly were associated with this cutaneous anthrax outbreak in Arua District. We recommended public education about safe disposal of carcasses of livestock that die suddenly.

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Habits during Pregnancy: Is There an Association with Small for Gestational Age Infants? An Italian Single Centre Experience

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1941
Author(s):  
Rachele De Giuseppe ◽  
Manuela Bocchi ◽  
Silvia Maffoni ◽  
Elsa Del Bo ◽  
Federica Manzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. The small-for-gestational-age (SGA) in infants is related to an increased risk of developing Non-Communicable Diseases later in life. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is related to lower odds of being SGA. The study explored retrospectively the association between SGA, maternal MD adherence, lifestyle habits and other SGA risk factors during pregnancy. Methods. One hundred women (16–44 years) with a pregnancy at term were enrolled. Demographic data, parity, pre-gestational BMI, gestational weight gain, pregnancy-related diseases, and type of delivery were collected. The MD adherence (MEDI-LITE score ≥ 9), physical activity level, and smoking/alcohol consumption were registered. SGA neonates were diagnosed according to the neonatal growth curves. Results. Women were divided into “SGA group” vs. “non-SGA group”. The MD was adopted by 71% of women and its adherence was higher in the “non-SGA group” (p = 0.02). The prevalence of pregnancy-related diseases (gestational diabetes/pregnancy-induced hypertension) was higher in the “SGA group” (p = 0.01). The logistic regression showed that pregnancy-related diseases were the only independent risk factor for SGA. Conclusions. MD may indirectly reduce the risk of SGA since it prevents and exerts a positive effect on pregnancy-related diseases (e.g., gestational diabetes and hypertension). The small sample size of women in the SGA group of the study imposes a major limitation to the results and conclusions of this research, suggesting however that it is worthy of further investigation.

scholarly journals Attitudes toward the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Results from the Saudi Residents’ Intention to Get Vaccinated against COVID-19 (SRIGVAC) Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Sami H. Alzahrani ◽  
Mukhtiar Baig ◽  
Mohammed W. Alrabia ◽  
Mohammed R. Algethami ◽  
Meshari M. Alhamdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Web Based

Vaccine uptake could influence vaccination efforts to control the widespread COVID-19 pandemic; however, little is known about vaccine acceptance in Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to assess the Saudi public’s intent to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and explore the associated demographic determinants of their intentions as well as the reasons for vaccine hesitancy. A cross-sectional, web-based survey was distributed to public individuals in Saudi Arabia between 25 December 2020 and 15 February 2021. Participants were asked if they were willing to get vaccinated, and the responses, along with demographic data were entered into a multinomial logistic regression model to assess the relative risk ratio (RRR) for responding “no” or “unsure” versus “yes”. Among 3048 participants (60.1% female, 89.5% Saudi), 52.9% intend to get vaccinated, 26.8% were unsure, and 20.3% refused vaccination. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly higher among females (RRR = 2.70, p < 0.0001) and those who had not been recently vaccinated for influenza (RRR = 2.63, p < 0.0001). The likelihood was lower among Saudis (RRR = 0.49, p < 0.0001), those with less than a secondary education (RRR = 0.16, p < 0.0001), perceived risks of COVID-19, and residents of the southern region (RRR = 0.46, p < 0.0001). The most often cited reasons for hesitancy were short clinical testing periods and concerns about adverse events or effectiveness. Vaccine hesitancy is mediated by many demographic factors and personal beliefs. To address vaccine-related concerns and amend deeply rooted health beliefs, communication should provide transparent information.

scholarly journals Effects of Extraoral Suction on Droplets and Aerosols for Infection Control Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Hidenobu Senpuku ◽  
Masahiko Fukumoto ◽  
Toshikazu Uchiyama ◽  
Chieko Taguchi ◽  
Itaru Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Dental Hygienist ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dental Professionals

Dental professionals are at increased risk of being infected with airborne pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 because they are often exposed to droplets/aerosols production during dental treatment. To scientifically clear the effects of extraoral and oral suctions on the droplets and aerosols produced by dental treatments using an ultrasonic scaler was analyzed. The adenosine triphosphate and bacteria in droplets and aerosols produced during simulated scaling were quantitatively observed by reactions with luciferin/luciferase and incubation in culture plates to grow bacteria, respectively. The protection against spreading droplets and aerosols by oral and extraoral suctions was recognized, and the areas were limited to the left and posterior sides of the dental chair head when a right-handed dentist and dental hygienist performed scaling. Extraoral suction is a very useful tool for reducing the infection risk of COVID-19 in dental care, but the effective area is limited depending on physical characteristics of dentist and dental hygienist.

Upgrade rates and outcomes of screen-detected atypical intraductal epithelial proliferation (AIDEP) diagnosed on core needle biopsy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emma C. Dunne ◽  
Edel M. Quinn ◽  
Maurice Stokes ◽  
John M. Barry ◽  
Malcolm Kell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Core Needle Biopsy ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Core Needle ◽  
In Situ Carcinoma ◽  
Increased Risk

INTRODUCTION: Atypical intraductal epithelial proliferation (AIDEP) is a breast lesion categorised as “indeterminate” if identified on core needle biopsy (CNB). The rate at which these lesions are upgraded following diagnostic excision varies in the literature. Women diagnosed with AIDEP are thought to be at increased risk of breast cancer. Our aim was to identify the rate of upgrade to invasive or in situ carcinoma in a group of patients diagnosed with AIDEP on screening mammography and to quantify their risk of subsequent breast cancer. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database containing all patients diagnosed with AIDEP on CNB between 2005 and 2012 in an Irish breast screening centre. Basic demographic data was collected along with details of the original CNB result, rate of upgrade to carcinoma and details of any subsequent cancer diagnoses. RESULTS: In total 113 patients were diagnosed with AIDEP on CNB during the study period. The upgrade rate on diagnostic excision was 28.3% (n = 32). 6.2% (n = 7) were upgraded to invasive cancer and 22.1% (n = 25) to DCIS. 81 patients were not upgraded on diagnostic excision and were offered 5 years of annual mammographic surveillance. 9.88% (8/81) of these patients went on to receive a subsequent diagnosis of malignancy. The mean time to diagnosis of these subsequent cancers was 65.41 months (range 20.18–145.21). CONCLUSION: Our data showing an upgrade rate of 28% to carcinoma reflects recently published data and we believe it supports the continued practice of excising AIDEP to exclude co-existing carcinoma.

scholarly journals Characteristics, Management, and Case-Fatality of Patients Hospitalized for Stroke with a Diagnosis of COVID-19 in France

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amélie Gabet ◽  
Clémence Grave ◽  
Edouard Chatignoux ◽  
Philippe Tuppin ◽  
Yannick Béjot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Index Hospitalization ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Systèmes D’Information

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> COVID-19 was found to be associated with an increased risk of stroke. This study aimed to compare characteristics, management, and outcomes of hospitalized stroke patients with or without a hospital diagnosis of CO­VID-19 at a nationwide scale. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a cross-sectional study on all French hospitals covering the entire French population using the French national hospital discharge databases (<i>Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d’Information</i>, included in the <i>Système National des Données de Santé</i>). All patients hospitalized for stroke between 1 January and 14 June 2020 in France were selected. A diagnosis of COVID-19 was searched for during the index hospitalization for stroke or in a prior hospitalization that had occurred after 1 January 2020. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 56,195 patients hospitalized for stroke, 800 (1.4%) had a concomitant COVID-19 diagnosis. Inhospital case-fatality rates were higher in stroke patients with COVID-19, particularly for patients with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 (33.2%), as compared to patients hospitalized for stroke without CO­VID-19 diagnosis (14.1%). Similar findings were observed for 3-month case-fatality rates adjusted for age and sex that reached 41.7% in patients hospitalized for stroke with a concomitant primary diagnosis of COVID-19 versus 20.0% in strokes without COVID-19. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Patients hospitalized for stroke with a concomitant COVID-19 diagnosis had a higher inhospital and 3 months case-fatality rates compared to patients hospitalized for stroke without a COVID-19 diagnosis. Further research is needed to better understand the excess of mortality related to these cases.

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