scholarly journals The Impact of Pitch and Timbre Cues on Auditory Grouping and Stream Segregation

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghee Oh ◽  
Jillian C. Zuwala ◽  
Caitlin M. Salvagno ◽  
Grace A. Tilbrook
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Spectral Slope ◽  
Auditory Streaming ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Auditory Grouping ◽  
Listening Environments ◽  
The Impact

In multi-talker listening environments, the culmination of different voice streams may lead to the distortion of each source’s individual message, causing deficits in comprehension. Voice characteristics, such as pitch and timbre, are major dimensions of auditory perception and play a vital role in grouping and segregating incoming sounds based on their acoustic properties. The current study investigated how pitch and timbre cues (determined by fundamental frequency, notated as F0, and spectral slope, respectively) can affect perceptual integration and segregation of complex-tone sequences within an auditory streaming paradigm. Twenty normal-hearing listeners participated in a traditional auditory streaming experiment using two alternating sequences of harmonic tone complexes A and B with manipulating F0 and spectral slope. Grouping ranges, the F0/spectral slope ranges over which auditory grouping occurs, were measured with various F0/spectral slope differences between tones A and B. Results demonstrated that the grouping ranges were maximized in the absence of the F0/spectral slope differences between tones A and B and decreased by 2 times as their differences increased to ±1-semitone F0 and ±1-dB/octave spectral slope. In other words, increased differences in either F0 or spectral slope allowed listeners to more easily distinguish between harmonic stimuli, and thus group them together less. These findings suggest that pitch/timbre difference cues play an important role in how we perceive harmonic sounds in an auditory stream, representing our ability to group or segregate human voices in a multi-talker listening environment.

The Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Leadership Excellence Of Executive Empoloyees In Public Sector Organizationin Ampara District Of Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Dr.S. Gunapalan ◽  
Dr.K. Maran
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Public Sector Organization ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Private Sector Organizations ◽  
The Impact

Emotional Intelligence is play a vital role to decide  leadership excellence. So this paper to study the  impact of emotional intelligence on leadership excellence of executive employee in public sector organization.Hence the objective of this  research   is to identify the  impact of emotional intelligence on leadership excellence of executive employee in Public Sector Organization in Ampara districtof Sri Lanka.emotional intelligence includes the verbal and non-verbal appraisal and expression of emotion, the regulation of emotion in the self and others, and the utilization of emotional content in problem solving. Cook (2006)[1]. Emotional intelligence is one of the  essential skill for leaders to manage their subordinate. Accordingly although there is some research done under “Emotional intelligence on leadership excellence of the executive employee in the public organization in Ampara district so this study full filed the gap. Based on the analysis, Self-awareness, Self-management, Social-awareness and Relationship management are the positively affect to the Leadership excellence. So, executive employees should consider about the Emotions of their subordinators when they completing their targets. leaders should pay the attention for recognize the situation, hove to impact their feelings for the performance & recognized their own feelings. Leaders should consider and see their own emotions when they work with others by listening carefully, understand the person by asking questions, identifying non-verbal expressions and solving problems without helming someone’s. Leadersshould consider their subordinators emotions when they find a common idea, government should give to moderate freedom to executive employees in public organization to take the decision with competing the private sector organizations.

scholarly journals High Expression of KLF10 Is Associated with Favorable Survival in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Chung-Min Yeh ◽  
Yi-Ju Lee ◽  
Po-Yun Ko ◽  
Yueh-Min Lin ◽  
Wen-Wei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Independent Prognostic Marker ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact

Background and objectives: Krüppel-like transcription factor 10 (KLF10) plays a vital role in regulating cell proliferation, including the anti-proliferative process, activation of apoptosis, and differentiation control. KLF10 may also act as a protective factor against oral cancer. We studied the impact of KLF10 expression on the clinical outcomes of oral cancer patients to identify its role as a prognostic factor in oral cancer. Materials and Methods: KLF10 immunoreactivity was analyzed by immunohistochemical (IHC) stain analysis in 286 cancer specimens from primary oral cancer patients. The prognostic value of KLF10 on overall survival was determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: High KLF10 expression was significantly associated with male gender and betel quid chewing. The 5-year survival rate was greater for patients with high KLF10 expression than for those with low KLF10 expression (62.5% vs. 51.3%, respectively; p = 0.005), and multivariate analyses showed that high KLF10 expression was the only independent factor correlated with greater overall patient survival. The significant correlation between high KLF10 expression and a higher 5-year survival rate was observed in certain subgroups of clinical parameters, including female gender, non-smokers, cancer stage T1, and cancer stage N0. Conclusions: KLF10 expression, detected by IHC staining, could be an independent prognostic marker for oral cancer patients.

scholarly journals School Nurse Perspectives on COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052199205
Author(s):  
Alicia M. Hoke ◽  
Chelsea M. Keller ◽  
William A. Calo ◽  
Deepa L. Sekhar ◽  
Erik B. Lehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
School Nurse ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
School Building ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Returning To School ◽  
The Impact

Pennsylvania responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by closing schools and moving to online instruction in March 2020. We surveyed Pennsylvania school nurses ( N = 350) in May 2020 to assess the impact of COVID-19 on nurses’ concerns about returning to school and impact on practice. Data were analyzed using χ2 tests and regression analyses. Urban school nurses were more concerned about returning to the school building without a COVID-19 vaccine than rural nurses ( OR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.05, 2.38]). Nurses in urban locales were more likely to report being asked for guidance on COVID-19 ( OR = 1.69, 95% CI [1.06, 2.68]), modify communication practices ( OR = 2.33, 95% CI [1.42, 3.82]), and be “very/extremely concerned” about their safety ( OR = 2.16, 95% CI [1.35, 3.44]). Locale and student density are important factors to consider when resuming in-person instruction; however, schools should recognize school nurses for their vital role in health communication to assist in pandemic preparedness and response.

Mercury Exposure and Endothelial Dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Omanwar ◽  
M. Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Vascular endothelium plays a vital role in the organization and function of the blood vessel and maintains homeostasis of the circulatory system and normal arterial function. Functional disruption of the endothelium is recognized as the beginning event that triggers the development of consequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. There is a growing data associating mercury exposure with endothelial dysfunction and higher risk of CVD. This review explores and evaluates the impact of mercury exposure on CVD and endothelial function, highlighting the interplay of nitric oxide and oxidative stress.

Predicting the Influence of Damping Devices on the Stability Margin of an Annular Combustor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Zahn ◽  
Michael Betz ◽  
Moritz Schulze ◽  
Christoph Hirsch ◽  
Thomas Sattelmayer
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Acoustic Mode ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Azimuthal Mode ◽  
Acoustic Damping ◽  
Linearized Euler Equations ◽  
Annular Combustor ◽  
The Impact

A numerical modeling approach based on linearized Euler equations is applied to predict the linear stability of an annular combustor with and without dampers. The acoustic properties of all relevant combustor components such as damping devices, swirl burner characteristics, swirl flame dynamics, and combustor exit are individually evaluated via experimental and numerical approaches. All of the components are incorporated subsequently into the combustor model using impedances and acoustic transfer matrices to obtain an efficient procedure. This study focuses on using this approach to predict an annular combustor’s stability margin and to assess how dampers influence the modal dynamics of the first azimuthal mode. Stability predictions are successfully validated with experimental data. Different combustor components’ contributions to the acoustic damping of the entire system is also determined based on that numerical approach. Damper application in combustors can engender uncertainties in resonance frequency in the case of hot-gas ingestion. The impact of “detuned” resonators on the predicted damping rates with respect to a deviation in the resonance frequency and the eigenfrequency of the attenuated acoustic mode is therefore evaluated. The influence of dampers on the annular combustor’s stability margin is also determined.

scholarly journals The Impact of Tracheotomy on the Eventual Outcome of Surgery for Benign Laryngotracheal Stenosis in a Tertiary Health Care Setup

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Laryngotracheal Stenosis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eventual Outcome ◽  
Outcome Of Surgery

ABSTRACT Introduction Acquired benign laryngotracheal stenosis is often preventable. A majority of such patients have a history of some airway intervention, ranging from a planned endotracheal intubation for the purpose of anesthesia, to an emergency tracheotomy in the setting of stridor. The primary aim of the first treating clinician is to secure the airway, and often these patients already have a tracheotomy at the time of initial presentation. Materials and methods We analyzed 80 patients that have been managed for varying grades and locations of acquired benign laryngotracheal stenosis presenting to a tertiary healthcare centre, and analyzed the impact of tracheotomy on the eventual outcome. Summary and conclusion Tracheotomies performed in patients suffering from stenosis in the airway pose technical challenges. If planned even in the most urgent situations, they can play a vital role in determining the eventual outcome of the definitive treatment. The site, technique and care of the tracheotomy are key factors in determining the eventual outcome. How to cite this article Hathiram BT, Khattar VS. The Impact of Tracheotomy on the Eventual Outcome of Surgery for Benign Laryngotracheal Stenosis in a Tertiary Health Care Setup. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):51-56.

scholarly journals REGIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL LEARNING IN TURKISH CEMENT INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-216
Author(s):  
Gurkan Calmasur ◽  
◽  
Meryem Emre Aysin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Curve ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Technological Learning ◽  
The Impact

The learning curve reflects the reduction in average costs as the company's cumulative production increases. These curves are utilized when measuring company performance, managing production processes, and planning. In terms of cost reduction and profitability, the impact of learning is particularly important. The learning curves have been traditionally used in industries. In this study, the learning curves concerning the cement industry are examined. The cement sector inherits a high export potential in Turkey. Additionally, it is the industry branch that supplies the raw materials needed by countries' construction industries. On the other hand, the construction sector is a leading sector that mobilizes other markets. This sector is a major contributor to production, investment, and employment and plays a vital role in the development of the country. This paper aims to make a detailed analysis of the learning curves regarding the Turkish cement industry at the regional level covering the 2000-2018 period. In order to realize this aim, the linear and cubic learning models have been applied and the technological learning values for regions from 2000 to 2018 have been calculated. For the analysis, data of 68 factories operating in the Turkish cement industry obtained from Turkey Cement Manufacturers' Association have been used. The estimated results suggest that cubic models explain technological learning better than the linear models. The results indicated that learning levels differed across regions and times. While the highest learning level was observed in 2004, the highest level of forgetting was recorded in 2018. Finally, we can state that the learning curve of the Turkish cement industry between 2000 and 2018 is convex.

scholarly journals Vaccinating Adolescents and Children Significantly Reduces COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality across All Ages: A Popula-Tion-Based Modeling Study Using the UK as an Example

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Tinevimbo Shiri ◽  
Marc Evans ◽  
Carla A. Talarico ◽  
Angharad R. Morgan ◽  
Maaz Mussad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Debate persists around the risk–benefit balance of vaccinating adolescents and children against COVID-19. Central to this debate is quantifying the contribution of adolescents and children to the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and the potential impact of vaccinating these age groups. In this study, we present a novel SEIR mathematical disease transmission model that quantifies the impact of different vaccination strategies on population-level SARS-CoV-2 infections and clinical outcomes. The model employs both age- and time-dependent social mixing patterns to capture the impact of changes in restrictions. The model was used to assess the impact of vaccinating adolescents and children on the natural history of the COVID-19 pandemic across all age groups, using the UK as an example. The base case model demonstrates significant increases in COVID-19 disease burden in the UK following a relaxation of restrictions, if vaccines are limited to those ≥18 years and vulnerable adolescents (≥12 years). Including adolescents and children in the vaccination program could reduce overall COVID-related mortality by 57%, and reduce cases of long COVID by 75%. This study demonstrates that vaccinating adolescents and children has the potential to play a vital role in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections, and subsequent COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, across all ages. Our results have major global public health implications and provide valuable information to inform a potential pandemic exit strategy.

scholarly journals Influence of Cyber Security on Social Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Impact

In the 21st century, Media technology plays a vital role in every individual’s life. The world of electronic media, found an exponential growth. Presently the media world is filled with gadgets includes TV, mobile phones, emails, egames, interactive internet games, virtual reality games, iPods, instant messenger, esports, social networks etc.. This makes the physical world smaller in today’s days and helps in effective communication ranging from text messaging, multimedia message, video conferencing, virtual meetings and so on. As of today, social networks including Facebook, Twitter, Wordpress, Whatsapp, LinkedIn, Blogger, Google, Pinterest, and Wikipedia etc. has become the most powerful sources for sharing information and news updates. In addition, the cost of smartphones and internet data are reducing which makes easy penetration of this technology among people. Apart from the entertainment, the social networks created new business opportunities, sales promotions, marketing research, and customer relationship development etc. In this paper, the impact of social networks in family relationships is presented.

scholarly journals The Impact of Learning Kurdish ‘Mother-Tongue’ in London on Mainstream Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Sheelan Shakir Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Mainstream Education ◽  
Supplementary Schools ◽  
Historical Issues ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of a group of Kurdish children learning their mother-tongue, in two Kurdish Saturday schools in North London, and particularly the impact on the children’s integration into mainstream schooling. There are some historical issues surrounding ethnic minority children’s education that have been labelled as problematic towards their educational achievements in the United Kingdom. The responsibility of teaching the mother-tongue to those children takes place formally in supplementary or Saturday schools in their community rather than in mainstream schools. Many researches have revealed that learning their mother tongue is beneficial for children in general. In particular, this research focuses on the impacts on Kurdish children in mainstream education, since the number of children from diverse backgrounds is increasing, including the number of children from the Kurdish community. Mixed method research has been undertaken to examine this issue, including a semi- structured questionnaire and group interview used to collect data, as this research depended on students’ as well as parents’ views in integrating their child in some state schools. The findings revealed that learning the mother-tongue is beneficial for children from diverse backgrounds and that supplementary schools play a vital role in learning the mother-tongue on children’s attitude in mainstream education.

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