Adverse Psychological Reactions and Psychological Aids for Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China

Background: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 caused panic and psychological stress throughout the World. We investigated the extent of adverse psychological reactions in two medical staff groups in China, and explored the importance of online psychological assistance for them.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey including Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was utilized to assess anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match sex and age between the two groups. Differences in the prevalence of adverse psychological reactions between the two groups were compared by a Chi-square test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to search for associated adverse psychological reaction factors of two groups.Results: A total of 2,920 medical staff took part in the survey, including 470 frontline and 2,450 non-frontline medical staff. The risk of the frontline group experiencing anxiety, depression, insomnia-early, insomnia-middle, and insomnia-late were 1.16, 1.28, 1.26, 1.22, 1.28 times those of the non-frontline group after PSM. For frontline medical staff, the spinsterhood state (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00–1.51; P = 0.05) was a risk factor for anxiety. Bachelor or college degree (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.24–4.02, P = 0.01) and a contact history with COVID-19 patients (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.10–2.40; P = 0.02) were risk factors for insomnia. For non-frontline medical staff, being a woman (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.08–2.06, P = 0.01) was a risk factor for anxiety, whilst being in a middle age group was a protective factor for anxiety (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50–0.99, P = 0.04) and depression (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45–0.93, P = 0.02). Being a woman (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.14–1.89, P = 0.003) and working in a COVID-19 unit (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.11–1.54, P = 0.001) were risk factors for insomnia, whilst the spinsterhood state (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67–0.95; P = 0.01) was a protective factor for insomnia. Online forms of psychological aid were all popular with medical staff.Conclusions: The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in frontline medical staff was significantly higher than in the non-frontline group. Appropriate intervention methods should be adopted according to the different influencing factors of the two groups. Online psychological aid was the preferred mechanism for relieving psychological problems.

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Risk Factors For The Event Of Pediculosis Capitis In The Baturaja Orphanage, South Sumatera, Indonesia

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i9.354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 871-878

Author(s):

M. Farhan Fadhillah ◽

Chairil Anwar ◽

Iche Andriyani Liberty

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Pediculosis Capitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

And Behavior

Introduction. Pediculosis capitis is a disease of the scalp caused by infestation of Pediculus humanus capitis with symptoms such as itching and sensation of movement in the hair. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and incidence of pediculosis capitis in the Baturaja orphanage.Methods. This research is an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design with field and laboratory research. The population of this study were all children in the Baturaja orphanage who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as many as 172 children. All children present were taken as subjects. Data obtained by questionnaires, interviews and direct observation of the sample.Results. The results of this study showed the prevalence of pediculosis capitis in the Baturaja orphanage was 19.1%. In this study, it was found that there was a significant relationship between age (p = 0.000), education (p = 0.000), the use of shared pillows (p = 0.000), the use of shared combs (p = 0.000), the use of shared towels (p = 0.000), knowledge (p = 0.000), attitudes and behavior (p = 0.000) with the incidence of pediculosis capitis. Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant risk factor for the incidence of pediculosis capitis in the Baturaja orphanage was age (p=0.036), while behavior was a protective factor for the incidence of pediculosis capitis.Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between age, education, use of shared pillows, use of shared combs, use of shared towels, knowledge, attitudes, behavior with the incidence of pediculosis capitis. The most dominant risk factor for the incidence of pediculosis capitis in the Baturaja orphanage is age, while behavior is a protective factor for the incidence of pediculosis capitis.

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Risk Factors For The Event Of Pediculosis Capitis In The Baturaja Orphanage, South Sumatera, Palembang

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i3.354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 843-850

Author(s):

M. Farhan Fadhillah ◽

Chairil Anwar ◽

Iche Andriyani Liberty

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Pediculosis Capitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

And Behavior

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Prevalence and influencing risk factors of eczema among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02819-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haonan Shi ◽

Guangsheng Wan ◽

Tingting Wang ◽

Jia Zhu ◽

Lan Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Han Chinese ◽

Living Environment ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Eczema is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with impaired quality of life. We identified indoor environmental risk factors, to provide strong evidence for the prevention and control of eczema in preschool children. Methods Using a cross-sectional study with stratified random cluster sampling, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 8153 parents of children aged 2–8 years in 60 kindergartens in six districts of Urumqi city during August 2019. Results Among 8153 preschool children, 12.0% of the children have been diagnosed with eczema. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that caesarean section (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.36), being an only child (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.18–1.57), presence of mould or moisture in the mother’s home before pregnancy (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.17–2.00), presence of flies or mosquitoes in the dwelling currently (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.10–1.55), pets kept in the child’s home currently (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.51), presence of pets during child’s first year (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14–1.85), and family history of eczema (OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.98–4.19) are the risk factors for the development of eczema, whereas ethnicity other than the Han Chinese (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61–0.96) is a protective factor for eczema. Conclusion Preschool children in Urumqi are at a high risk of eczema, particularly those of the Han Chinese ethnicity. Parents should be attentive to the indoor living environment of children and take actions to reduce indoor humidity, pest control and elimination, and avoid raising pets to reduce the risk of development of eczema in children.

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Prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety for inpatients with lung cancer in China: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1149458/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Xueqian Wang ◽

Xuejiao Ma ◽

Mo Yang ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Yi Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Lung cancer was often accompanied by depression and anxiety. Nowadays, most investigations for depression and anxiety were concentrated in western medical hospitals, while few related studies have been carried out in the tradition Chinese medicine (TCM) ward. It was necessary to understand the prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety in the inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital. Methods This study adopted cross-sectional research method, which enrolled a total of 222 inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital. PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were used to assess depression and anxiety for the inpatients, respectively. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Statistical methods of the univariate analysis and the multivariate logistic regression model were used. Results The prevalence of depression and anxiety in the inpatients with lung cancer were 58.1% and 34.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis prompted that the common risk factor of depression and anxiety was the symptom of insomnia. Constipation and gender were the two anther risk factors of depression. Conclusion Depression and anxiety were common for the inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital. Gender, insomnia and constipation were risk factors for depression, and insomnia was risk factor for anxiety. Therefore, medical workers should pay close attention to the emotional changes of these high-risk patients and intervene the symptoms as early as possible.

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Depression and anxiety symptoms to COVID-19 outbreak among the public, medical staff and patients during the initial phase of the pandemic: an online questionnaire survey by a WeChat Mini Program

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046350 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e046350

Author(s):

Xianglan Wang ◽

Jiong Tao ◽

Qi Zhu ◽

Xiuhua Wu ◽

Tong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Medical Staff ◽

Initial Phase ◽

Online Survey ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

The Public ◽

Self Rating

ObjectivesTo survey anxiety and depression symptoms to COVID-19 outbreak in the public, medical staff and patients during the initial phase of the pandemic.DesignCross-sectional online survey administered through WeChat Mini Program using Chinese versions of Zung Self-rating Depression Scale and Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale.SettingGuangzhou, China.Participants47 378 public, 1512 medical staff and 125 patients with COVID-19.ResultsHigher rates of depression (47.8%) and anxiety symptoms (48.7%) were shown by patients who were screened positive compared with those of the public (35.6%, 25.7%) or medical staff (15.4%, 13.3%). The professional identity of a nurse, conditions of ‘with an infected family member’ and ‘working at the frontline’ were risk factors to depression or anxiety symptoms for the medical staff. Younger age, lower educational level, female and not having adequate masks were the risk factors for the public.ConclusionThe COVID-19 outbreak increased people’s depression or anxiety emotion responses, which varied extensively among the patients, public and medical staff.

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Depression, Anxiety and Fear due to COVID-19 in Pakistan: A Study based on Learning Perspective

International Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Learning (IJITL) ◽

10.35993/ijitl.v7i1.1816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 106-120

Author(s):

Farhat Jan ◽

Muhammad Azeem Qureshi ◽

Dr. Malik Mureed Hussain

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological State ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological States ◽

Self Rating ◽

Anxiety Depression

Psychological pressures leading towards instability of psychological states like anxiety, stress, fear and depression. The main objectives of present study were to explore the existence of anxiety, depression and fear among public. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 15th April to 4th May, 2020. Three research instruments including Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used. 530 valid questionnaires were received in response to online survey. The results showed that 518 (97.7%) of individuals have fear. The results indicated that those 403 (76.0%) respondents were non-anxious and 127 (46.0%) people were anxious. Depression and non-depression rate was 55.5% and 45.5% respectively. It was revealed that anxiety, depression and fear have significant positive correlation. It was also found that females faced more anxiety, fear and depression than males. Results indicated that following precaution against coronavirus reduces anxiety, depression and fear. Students were found to have higher mean scores on FCS, SAS and SDS as compare to working and unemployed individuals. Compared to students of intermediate, graduation and post-graduation, Undergraduates had higher mean scores which show more fear, anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is requirement due to outbreak of COVID-19 to facilitate psychological state of general public. Keywords: COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression, Fear, Correlation

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Perceptions of experts on key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing as a function of stakeholder role and associated level of competition

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e001111

Author(s):

Kirsten Kiers ◽

Josef Kröll ◽

Gerald Mitterbauer ◽

Johannes Scherr ◽

Jörg Spörri

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Medical Staff ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Online Survey ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specific Level ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Injury Risk Factors

Objectives(1) To update experts’ priorities of perceived key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing based on a framework and list derived 10 years ago, (2) to identify additionally emerging risk factors since then and (3) to compile a list with countermeasure suggestions.MethodsA sample of 532 expert stakeholders (athletes, coaches, team medical staff, Ski Racing Suppliers (SRS) and International Ski Federation (FIS) representatives) from the World Cup (WC), European Cup (EC) and FIS-race level participated in a cross-sectional online survey. Experts were asked to name those risk factors with the highest believed impact on injury risk and rank them according to their current priority from a predefined list. In addition, experts were encouraged to name additional (not listed) risk factors and to suggest countermeasures.ResultsRegardless of stakeholder role and competition level, snow-related factors appeared to have the highest perceived priority. However, WC athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions were also related to equipment, while at the EC and FIS-race level fatigue and physical fitness-related factors were considered important. Athletes’ perceptions were largely in agreement with SRS (ie, snow-related and equipment-related factors). At the same time, while coaches, team medical staff and FIS representatives additionally emphasised fatigue and physical fitness-related factors.ConclusionExperts’ perceptions on key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing depend on the stakeholder role and differ between the competition levels. Thus, to develop effective prevention measures and to successfully implement them, all relevant stakeholders should be given a voice, and prevention efforts should be targeted to the specific level.

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Factors associated with depression and anxiety in the adult population of Qatar after the first COVID-19 wave: a cross-sectional study

Discover Psychology ◽

10.1007/s44202-021-00009-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Salma Mawfek Khaled ◽

Iman Amro ◽

Lina Bader ◽

Peter Woodruff ◽

Majid A. Alabdulla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Online Survey ◽

Adult Population ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prior History ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

AbstractThere is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after Qatar’s first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Of 1138 participants, 71.0% were female, 69.0% Arabs, 70.0% Non-Qataris, and 77.0% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe levels of depression or anxiety on the PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR = 1.67, p = 0.026), never married versus married (OR = 1.69, p = 0.015), prior history of psychiatric disorder versus no history (OR = 1.80, p = 0.009), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR = 1.72, p = 0.003), a history of COVID-19 (OR = 1.76, p = 0.039), loneliness (OR = 1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR = 0.96, p = 0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with the exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR = 0.97, p = 0.055). The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar national events, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.

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Prevalence of anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare students in Jordan and its effect on their learning process: A national survey

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0249716 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0249716

Author(s):

Iman A. Basheti ◽

Qassim N. Mhaidat ◽

Hala N. Mhaidat

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Learning Process ◽

Online Survey ◽

Family Income ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthcare Students ◽

Anxiety Depression

Rational During pandemics, including the most recent COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of university healthcare students’ is expected to be affected negatively, impacting the students’ learning process. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the level of anxiety and depression of healthcare students living in Jordan, and the effect on their learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey completed by students studying a healthcare-oriented degree in a university in Jordan. Participants were recruited through social media (Facebook and WhatsApp). The validated previously published Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire was used as a part of the online survey to assess students’ anxiety/depression scores. Students’ responses regarding their learning process during the COVID-19 was also assessed. Results The mean age of participants was 21.62 (SD = 4.90), with the majority being females (67.1%). The HADs’ assessment revealed that 43.8% and 40.0% of participants had normal anxiety and depression scores, while 22.4% showed borderline abnormal anxiety/depression scores (33.8%). Many students (33.8%) were classified to have abnormal anxiety scores, while a smaller proportion (26.2%) was classified to have abnormal depression scores. Smoking (p = 0.022), lower family income (p = 0.039), and use of medications (p = 0.032) were positively associated with higher (worse) anxiety scores. Ranking the learning process during COVID-19 showed that 45.8% of the participants believed it was a ‘good/very good/excellent’ process. Conclusions Anxiety and depression levels amongst university healthcare students in Jordan were found to be high when assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the learning process during the pandemic was not accepted by more than half of the students. Implementing psychological interventions for healthcare students during pandemics is strongly recommended in order to optimize students’ mental health and their learning process alike.

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Risk Factors for Anxiety in Medical Health Workers during Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Medan, Indonesia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.5903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (T3) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Anastasia Venny Fransisca Sipayung ◽

Elmeida Effendy ◽

Mustafa Mahmud Amin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Online Survey ◽

Health Workers ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Medical Health ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact ◽

Anxiety Subscale

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virus outbreak that is infecting many people almost all over the world, including Indonesia. The impact of this pandemic also affects medical health workers who are in charge of treating COVID-19 patients where they are at high risk of being infected. This causes psychological disorders such as anxiety and many factors that can become a risk for anxiety. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate risk factors for anxiety in medical health workers who treat COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in Haji Adam Malik Hospital and its satellites in Medan, North Sumatera, cross-sectional through online survey using hospital anxiety and depression scale, anxiety subscale, from May 2020 to July 2020, 129 participants. RESULTS: Four risk factors have a relationship to the occurrence of anxiety, such as gender, marital status, history of organic diseases, and duration of work caring for COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: By knowing the risk factors that can cause anxiety in medical health workers, it is hoped that both the hospital management and individual medical health workers can pay more attention to and anticipate so that medical health workers can feel more secure in carrying out their duties treating for COVID-19 patients.

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