scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves on Performance, Meat Characteristics, Oxidative Stability, and Fatty Acid Profile in Growing Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Selim ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Mohamed A. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) have gained great interest as a non-traditional feed ingredient due to their unique nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of graded dietary supplementation levels with MOL on performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical constituents, meat quality, and fatty acids profile of growing rabbits. A total of 120 weaned New Zealand white rabbits (6 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 4 dietary groups with 5 replicates each (n = 6), which were fed for 42 days with a basal diet as control or 3 experimental diets supplemented with 5, 10, or 15 g/kg MOL. The results showed that, compared to the control group, the dietary inclusion of MOL at a level of 10 and 15 g/kg DM linearly increased (p < 0.01) final live weight (2403.3 and 2498.2 vs. 2166.6) and average daily weight gain (36.5 and 35.51 g/d vs. 28.72 g/d), and enhanced feed conversion ratio (2.49 and 2.50 vs. 3.14). The dietary supplementation with MOL linearly increased dressing out percentage, spleen index, intestinal length, and decreased abdominal fat index (p < 0.01). Greater serum levels of total protein and globulin, but lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were observed in the MOL-fed rabbits (p < 0.01). Serum levels of total triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.05) were decreased linearly and quadratically in the MOL groups compared with the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased (p < 0.01), whereas malondialdehyde decreased (p < 0.01) linearly and quadratically in both serum and meat, in response to dietary MOL supplementation. Dietary MOL supplementation increased the meat crude protein content but lowered the relative content of ether extract in the meat (p < 0.05). The relative content of the meat n-3 PUFA was increased by about 33.71%, 29.46%, and 24.36% for the MOL0.5%, MOL1%, and MOL1.5% groups compared to control. In conclusion, MOL could be used at a level of 1.5g/kg of the growing rabbits’ diets with beneficial impacts on performance, antioxidant capacity, and the nutritional value of the meat.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary supplementation in tropical forage-fed cattle

2020 ◽  
pp. 2381-2390
Author(s):  
Gilmar dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
Diego Soares Machado ◽  
Larissa Luísa Schumacher ◽  
Caroline de Avila Fernandes ◽  
Dieison Pansiera Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Protein Energy

The objective of this study was to, through a meta-analysis of published data, evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation on the performance of beef cattle grazed on Brachiaria pastures during the rearing and finishing phases of growth. Data from 15 Brazilian studies were analyzed, totaling 462 animals given different types and levels of supplementation. Animals were divided into two categories: 319 in the rearing phase, and 143 in the finishing phase. The reviewed studies evaluated the effects of protein, energy, and protein/energy supplementation on animal performance parameters. Daily weight gain and final live weight were analyzed using forest plots. Daily weight gain during the rearing phase was similar across all supplement types used. Animals given supplementation gained an average of 119 g more per day compared to those who received no supplementation. Specifically, protein supplementation resulted in an increase of 28.22 kg. Animals given supplementation of any kind, represented by the subgroups shown in the plots, gained an average of 24.47 kg more compared to the control group.

Protective Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Against TramadolInduced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Albrakati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Mean

Tramadol, a broadly in recent years, is an effective analgesic agent for the treatment of moderate to acute pain. Its metabolites are excreted by the kidney which may cause nephrotoxicity. Moringa oleifera leaves are commonly used to provide herbal and plant-derived medicinal products especially in developing nations. The present study was carried out to determine the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of tramadol-treated albino mice and to evaluate the possible protective role of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty adult albino mice were divided into four groups. Control group (group i) received daily intraperitoneal injection of normal saline only, group ii received oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (20 mg/kg/bw) for three weeks, group iii received daily intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw) for the same period, group iv, received daily oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract, (20 mg/kg/bw) three hours before injecting intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw), for the same period. Blood samples were withdrawn at the end of the experiment for kidney function tests and specimens from the kidney were processed for histological study. No significant differences in the mean values of the kidney function tests were noticed between Moringa oleifera group and control group. However, there was highly significant increase in the mean values of serum, urea and creatinine in tramadol-treated group as compared to the control group. Although tramadol + Moringa oleifera group revealed significant difference in the mean values of urea and creatinine when compared with tramadol-treated group. So, Moringa oleifera leaves extract have been shown to attenuate the renal dysfunction, improve the renal architecture, with nearly normalization of serum urea and creatinine levels which indicate improvement of renal function. In conclusion, in the light of biochemical results and histological findings, co-administration of Moringa oleifera leaves lessened the negative effects of tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity; possibly by its antioxidant action. Further investigation of these promising protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced renal injury may have considerable impact on developing an adjunct therapy aiming to improve the therapeutic index of some nephrotoxic drugs.

Impact of supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with fresh Moringa oleifera leaves on semen characteristics in rabbit bucks under tropical climate in Trinidad

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Impact

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on semen quality and characteristics in rabbits. Methods Eighteen (n=18) breeding bucks of New Zealand white, of similar age group, were used for the study. Three feeding regimes, (i) 100% commercial rabbit pellets (CRP)-Group I (ii) 90% CRP + 10% fresh MOL on a dry matter (DM) basis – Group II and (iii) 80% CRP + 20% fresh MOL on a DM basis – Group III, were adopted and the trial continued for 21 days. After adaptation to the diet, semen was collected from each buck and subjected to evaluation using a computer-assisted semen analyser. Results In Group III, the sperm count, normal sperm morphology, and sperm motility increased (52.0%) in comparison with the control (Group I; 50.1%). The inclusion of 20% Moringa oliefera in the diet (Group III) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in semen concentration (Control =136.2 M/mL; Group III=297.2 M/mL). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in sperm motility and semen volume among the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with 20% fresh Moringa oliefera leaves on a DM basis can improve the quality and characteristics of semen in breeding bucks.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves Grown in Valencian Community (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
María D. Ortolá ◽  
María Luisa Castelló ◽  
Maria C. Etchevers ◽  
Francisco José García-Mares ◽  
María D. Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera is a foliated tree widely cultivated in tropical latitudes, which is highly adaptable to climatic conditions and dry soils. Every part of the plant has nutritional, therapeutic or industrial benefits. This is due to its phytochemicals such as glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins, high values of crude protein, carbohydrates, starch and lipids. In addition, the use of the leaves has increased considerably by the agro-food and biochemical industries since they are a valuable source of dietary proteins and essential amino acids. This work aimed to characterize three types of leaf from Moringa oleifera seeds with different origins (Thai (C1), Ghana (C2) and India (C3)), grown in the same plot, but with different cultural practices (intended for leaf production (C1 and C2) or sheath production (C3). For this, water content and optical properties were determined in the fresh leaves. Later the leaves were dried (50 °C for 8 h) and pulverized, analyzing their water content, antioxidant capacity, color and amino acid content. No significant differences were observed in fresh leaves in terms of humidity and color. In dry powder, a higher antioxidant capacity was registered in moringa type C2, with a% DPPH inhibition of 83.7%, although in all cases, it exceeded 60%, showing the high persistence of the antioxidants after drying. Serine, glutamic acid and alanine were the major amino acids with values of 373 ± 78, 301 ± 51 and 248 ± 9 mg/100 g of powder, respectively, without influencing the applied field treatment or origin.

scholarly journals Radioprotective and anti-diabetic effects of Costus speciosus and carnosine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Ebtisam A. Marzook ◽  
Fawzy A. Marzook ◽  
Ahmed E. Abd El Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Costus Speciosus ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Purpose: To evaluate the possible radioprotective effect of Costus speciosus and carnosine as natural antioxidants in order to control the  hyperglycemia developed in male albino rats exposed to acute oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation. Methods: Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into four groups. The first group was taken as a control group, while the three other groups were exposed to Ɣ irradiation at a single 7.5 Gy dose. Furthermore, the rats in the second and third groups were i.p. injected with Costus speciosus root powder and carnosine, respectively. On the 3rd day, after irradiation, the serum levels of glucose, insulin, C peptide, copper, iron, calcium, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measureded. Results: The results revealed that exposure to Ɣ irradiation induced significant increases in serum glucose, iron, and malondialdehyde. However, the levels of serum calcium, copper, total antioxidant capacity and insulin significantly decreased (p < 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in Cpeptide in the exposed group, compared to control group. All the test parameters indicate improvement after treatment with Costus speciosus and carnosine (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Costus speciosus and carnosine ameliorate the effect of gamma radiation, indicating their role as antidiabetic agents and  radioprotectors; however, Costus speciosus was critically more efficient than carnosine. Keywords: Costus speciosus, Carnosine, Diabetes, Insulin, Gamma radiation protection

scholarly journals Alterations in the Rumen Particle-Associated Microbiota of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation Levels of Schizochytrium spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Alexandros Mavrommatis ◽  
Dimitrios Skliros ◽  
Marica Simoni ◽  
Federico Righi ◽  
Emmanouil Flemetakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
C 50

Fat rich microorganisms, such as microalgae Schizochytrium spp., are potential biotechnological tools in the modulation of rumen microbiome towards ecofriendly and high nutritional value end-products. However, limited in vivo trials have been reported on the topic. The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge on the effect of fat rich microalgae on the methanogenic and feed degrading particle-associated microbes in goats’ rumen content. For the trial, twenty-four goats were divided into four homogenous clusters (six goats/treatment) according to their fat corrected (4%) milk yield, body weight and age and individually were fed with alfalfa hay and concentrate feeds (F/C = 50/50). The concentrate of the control group (CON) contained no microalgae, while those of the treated groups were supplemented daily with 20 (ALG20), 40 (ALG40), and 60 (ALG60) g of Schizochytrium spp./goat. The relative abundances of total Archaea, methanogens, Methanomassiliicoccales, Methanobrevibacter spp., Methanosphaera stadmanae and Methanobacterium formicicum were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in microalgae-fed goats compared to the CON ones. Moreover, a significant decline in the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Butyrivibrio fibrosolvents, and Neocallimastigales in the rumen particle-associated microbiota of microalgae supplemented goats were observed. In conclusion, goats’ diets supplementation with Schizochytrium spp., could be considered a sustainable nutritional strategy for methanogens inhibition in their rumen particle-associated microbiota.

scholarly journals Silage quality, growth performance and haematology of West African dwarf goats fed Moringa oleifera leaves ensiled with cassava peels

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
S. M. Odeyinka ◽  
T. O. Abegunde ◽  
M. O. Ofoegbu ◽  
O. J. Apanisile
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
West African ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Cassava Peels

Forage scarcity in the dry season is challenging for ruminant production in the tropics. The utilization of browse species, particularly as silage can bridge this gap. In this study, the potentials of Moringa oleifera leaves ensiled with varying levels of cassava peels as dry season feed for West African dwarf (WAD) goats were assessed. Different mixtures of Moringa oleifera leaves and cassava peels were ensiled and designated as follows: T1= 100% Moringa, T2= 60% Moringa + 40% Cassava peels, T3= 40% Moringa + 60% Cassava peels, T4= 50% Moringa + 50% Cassava peels, T5= 100% Cassava peels. Chemical composition and silage characteristics were investigated. Twenty five WAD goats with average body weights of 6.02±0.71 kg were used in the growth study that lasted 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected from the goats through the jugular vein for haematological status at the beginning and end of the experiment. Chemical composition of the silage diets showed that it contained 27.79 – 36.26 % dry matter (DM), 7.45 – 22.25 % crude protein (CP), 8.92 – 16.45 % crude fibre (CF), 2.55 – 7.01 % ether extract (EE), 6.10 – 10.08 % ash content, 42.40 - 68.14 % Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE). Appearance, odour and texture of the silage had acceptable physical attributes with pH values ranging from 3.53 – 5.80. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly (P<0.05) affected by diets while Average daily weight gain (ADWG) was significantly improved in T3 (40% M. oleifera + 60% cassava peels) than in others. White blood cells (WBC) ranged from 5.88 x109/L in T2 to 13.77 x109/L in T4. Red blood Cells (RBC) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV %) were not significantly (P<0.05) affected by diets. It was concluded that Moringa oleifera leaves and cassava peels silage with 40% Moringa oleifera as additive elicited the best performance indices in WAD goats fed diets consisting of mixtures of Moringa oleifera leaves and cassava peels ensiled together in graded levels or alone and did not affect animals negatively in terms of their haematological components.     Moringa, T2= 60% Moringa + 40% Pelures de manioc, T3= 40% Moringa + 60% Pelures de manioc, T4= 50% Moringa + 50% Pelures de manioc, T5= 100% Pelures de manioc. Des caractéristiques chimiques de composition et d'ensilage ont été étudiées. Vingt-cinq chèvres 'WAD' avec un poids corporel moyen de 6,02±0,71 kg ont été utilisées dans l'étude de croissance qui a duré 12 semaines. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés sur les chèvres par la veine jugulaire pour le statut hématologique au début et à la fin de l'expérience. La composition chimique des régimes d'ensilage a montré qu'elle contenait 27.79 – 36,26 % de matière sèche (DM), 7.45 à 22.25 % de protéines brutes (CP), 8.45 à 22.25 % de protéines brutes (le 'CP'), 8.45 92 – 16.45 % de fibres brutes (le 'CF'), 2.55 à 7.01 % d'extrait d'éther (le 'EE'), 6.10 à 10.08 % de cendres, 42.40 - 68.14 % Extrait sans azote (le 'NFE'). L'apparence, l'odeur et la texture de l'ensilage avaient des attributs physiques acceptables avec des valeurs de pH allant de 3.53 à 5.80. L'apport quotidien moyen en aliments (le 'ADFI') et le ratio de conversion des aliments pour animaux (le 'FCR') n'ont pas été significativement (P<0.05) affectés par les régimes alimentaires, tandis que le gain quotidien moyen de poids (le 'ADWG') a été sensiblement amélioré en T3 (40 % M. oleifera + 60 % de pelures de manioc) que dans d'autres. Les globules blancs (le 'WBC') allaient de 5,88 x109/L en T2 à 13.77 x109/L en T4. Les globules rouges (le 'RBC') et volume de cellules emballées (le 'PCV' %) n'ont pas été significativement (P<0.05) affectés par les régimes. On a conclu que les feuilles de Moringaoleifera et l'ensilage des pelures de manioc avec 40 % de Moringaoleifera comme additif ont obtenu les meilleurs indices de performance chez les chèvres WAD nourries à des régimes composés de mélanges de feuilles de Moringaoleifera et de pelures de manioc ensilées ensemble ou seuls et n'affectaient pas négativement les animaux en termes de composantes hématologiques.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nutrient and antioxidant activity on steam blanching of Moringa oleifera leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Ryzal Satria Aditama ◽  
Heri Ahmad Sukria ◽  
Rita Mutia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera is a plant that has high nutritional content. Post-harvest treatment take effect in improving product quality. This study was carried out to evaluate nutrient and antioxidant activity of steam blanched moringa oleifera leaves. Sample of moringa oleifera were prepared where the temperature 80°C in ±5 minutes for the steam blanched. The fresh M. oleifera and steam blanched M. oleifera leaves dried at 60°C were analyzed for their proximate, mineral, total phenol, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity contents. The analysis revealed that steam blanched leaves contained more dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, phenolic total, and flavonoid than unblanched leaves. Therefore, its less fibre and mineral. This study showed steam blanching can serve as alternative post-harvest treatment to increase nutritional value of moringa oleifera leaves.

scholarly journals Haematological, serum and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken fed `graded levels of Garcinia kola (Bitter kola) used as phytobiotic

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
R. A. Sobayo ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
A. O. Fafiolu ◽  
J. O. Daramola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Mean Values

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Garcinia Kola (Bitter Kola) used as phytobiotic or herbal natural additives on biochemical and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Five diets with different levels of inclusion of the kola were fed to a total of 150 Marshal day- old broilers. There were three replicates of ten birds per replicate. The five diets were made of control diet; diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 had 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm and 2000ppm of G. Kola respectively. The feeding trial lasted for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using completely randomized design. The results of haematological parameters examined show that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in all the haematological indices measured, the values however, did not follow any particular pattern. Highest haemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cells (RBC) values were recorded for birds on 1500ppm compared to other birds with values ranging between 8.40-10.00, 25.00-29.50 and 2.47- 2.77 for Hb, PCV and RBC respectively. The least haemoglobin and PCV values were recorded in diet containing 2000ppm. Dietary supplementation of G. kola revealed significant (P<0.05) effects in the values of albumin and serum aspartate aminotransferase (SAST) with fluctuating values. The albumin level increased from 0ppm to 1500ppm G. kola inclusion levels and later dropped at 2000ppm inclusion level. Birds fed bitter kola had higher values SAST than the control group. Results of carcass analysis study revealed significant (P<0.05) differences in the values obtained for live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage. Birds fed with 0ppm of Garcinia kola had the highest live weight (2066.70g) while those on 1500ppm had the lowest. The same trend was observed in the mean values obtained for dressed weight. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) for all the organ weights observed except kidney which was found to show improvement with increased bitter kola level. It was concluded that dietary supplementation of broiler chicken with bitter kola produced haematological and carcass results that did not follow any definite pattern.

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