scholarly journals Evaluation of nutrient and antioxidant activity on steam blanching of Moringa oleifera leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Ryzal Satria Aditama ◽  
Heri Ahmad Sukria ◽  
Rita Mutia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera is a plant that has high nutritional content. Post-harvest treatment take effect in improving product quality. This study was carried out to evaluate nutrient and antioxidant activity of steam blanched moringa oleifera leaves. Sample of moringa oleifera were prepared where the temperature 80°C in ±5 minutes for the steam blanched. The fresh M. oleifera and steam blanched M. oleifera leaves dried at 60°C were analyzed for their proximate, mineral, total phenol, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity contents. The analysis revealed that steam blanched leaves contained more dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, phenolic total, and flavonoid than unblanched leaves. Therefore, its less fibre and mineral. This study showed steam blanching can serve as alternative post-harvest treatment to increase nutritional value of moringa oleifera leaves.

scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves on Performance, Meat Characteristics, Oxidative Stability, and Fatty Acid Profile in Growing Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Selim ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Mohamed A. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) have gained great interest as a non-traditional feed ingredient due to their unique nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of graded dietary supplementation levels with MOL on performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical constituents, meat quality, and fatty acids profile of growing rabbits. A total of 120 weaned New Zealand white rabbits (6 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 4 dietary groups with 5 replicates each (n = 6), which were fed for 42 days with a basal diet as control or 3 experimental diets supplemented with 5, 10, or 15 g/kg MOL. The results showed that, compared to the control group, the dietary inclusion of MOL at a level of 10 and 15 g/kg DM linearly increased (p < 0.01) final live weight (2403.3 and 2498.2 vs. 2166.6) and average daily weight gain (36.5 and 35.51 g/d vs. 28.72 g/d), and enhanced feed conversion ratio (2.49 and 2.50 vs. 3.14). The dietary supplementation with MOL linearly increased dressing out percentage, spleen index, intestinal length, and decreased abdominal fat index (p < 0.01). Greater serum levels of total protein and globulin, but lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were observed in the MOL-fed rabbits (p < 0.01). Serum levels of total triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.05) were decreased linearly and quadratically in the MOL groups compared with the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased (p < 0.01), whereas malondialdehyde decreased (p < 0.01) linearly and quadratically in both serum and meat, in response to dietary MOL supplementation. Dietary MOL supplementation increased the meat crude protein content but lowered the relative content of ether extract in the meat (p < 0.05). The relative content of the meat n-3 PUFA was increased by about 33.71%, 29.46%, and 24.36% for the MOL0.5%, MOL1%, and MOL1.5% groups compared to control. In conclusion, MOL could be used at a level of 1.5g/kg of the growing rabbits’ diets with beneficial impacts on performance, antioxidant capacity, and the nutritional value of the meat.

scholarly journals Lipoxygenase in Wheat: Genetic Control and Impact on Stability of Lutein and Lutein Esters

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Mares ◽  
Judy Cheong ◽  
Shashi N. Goonetilleke ◽  
Diane E. Mather
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Lipoxygenase Activity ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibitor ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
End Products

Preservation of lutein concentrations in wheat-based end-products during processing is important both for product quality and nutritional value. A key constituent involved in lutein degradation is endogenous lipoxygenase. Lutein and lutein ester concentrations were compared at intervals during storage of noodle sheets prepared from flour of wheat varieties representing a range in lipoxygenase activity, as well as in different mill streams and in different grain tissues. Higher lipoxygenase concentration was associated with an increased loss of free lutein and lutein mono-esters whereas lutein diesters appeared to be more resistant to degradation. Lutein degradation was reduced in the presence of a lipoxygenase inhibitor, when noodle sheets were heated to destroy enzyme activity or when pH was increased. In addition, three populations were used to investigate the genetic control of lipoxygenase. A previously reported mutation of Lpx-B1.1 was associated with a reduction in activity from high to intermediate whilst a new locus on chromosome 4D was associated with variation between intermediate and near-zero. The gene underlying the 4D locus is a putative lipoxygenase. Stability of lutein could be improved by deployment of the mutations at the 4B and 4D loci and/or by post-harvest storage of grain under conditions that promote esterification.

scholarly journals Glycerol inclusion levels in corn and sunflower silages

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Souza Martins ◽  
Juliane Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Marili Lopes Lederer ◽  
José Luís Moletta ◽  
Shivelly Los Galetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Four Levels

Due to the seasonal cycle of forage, the use of silage to feed animals provides nutrients throughout the year. However, its quality can be improved with the inclusion of additives and other products. Glycerol is a rich source of energy and present a high efficiency of utilization by animals. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of glycerol inclusion on the chemical and fermentation characteristics of corn and sunflower silages. Two silage sources (maize and sunflower) were used and four levels of glycerol inclusion (0, 15, 30 and 45%) based on dry matter were carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with five replications. The pH values and chemical composition of corn and sunflower silages were determined. In both silages there was increment of dry matter, non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients (TDN) added to a reduction of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber due to the glycerol inclusion. The corn silage required 45% glycerol to achieve the TDN level of the sunflower silage. The glycerol addition contributed to the increase in the nutritional value, offsetting loss of quality in the ensiling process.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAIN-HAYLAGE FROM LUPIN, OAT AND SUDAN GRASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Valentina Ruckaya ◽  
Alexander Sorokin ◽  
Elena Afonina ◽  
Natal'ya ZAYCEVA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Sowing Period

The average data for 2018–2019 are presented for yield, dry matter content in grain-haylage mass, nutritional value of test grain-haylage samples produced from plant mass of white lupin, oat and Sudan grass from single and mixed cenosis of different sowing times. The grain-haylage mass was harvested in the phase of brilliantly ripening lupin bean, milky-waxy ripeness of oats and the end of flowering of the Sudan grass. It’s revealed that variants of the second sowing date — 2 decade of May — have the best yield of grain-haylage mass and its dry matter content. The yield of grain-haylage mass in the best variants of the second sowing period exceeded by 7–8 t/ha. According to the nutritional value of grain silage samples (the content of metabolic energy, crude protein, crude ash and carotene), the best results were obtained in most variants of the first sowing period. In content of the metabolic energy and crude protein of 1 kg of dry matter of grain-haylage, the best were variants of the single-species cenosis of lupine and its mixture with oats of the first sowing period. Variants of single-species sowing of lupine and Sudan grass were distinguished by the content of carotene.

scholarly journals Efecto de la inoculación de Azospirillum spp. sobre el contenido nutrimental de moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mario Alejandro Hernández-Chontal ◽  
Dinora Vazquez-Luna ◽  
Ariadna Linares-Gabriel ◽  
Gloria Esperanza De Dios-León ◽  
Armando Guerrero-Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Animal Consumption ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa is used for human and animal consumption due to its high content of proteins, vitamins and minerals. The present study analyzed and evaluated the effectiveness of Azospirillum spp. over the nutritional content of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) under nursery conditions. The experimental design consisted of four treatments with six repetitions in complete blocks at random, which consisted of the inoculation at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL of suspension with 9.8 × 105 CFU mL-1 of Azospirillum spp. The study variables: biomass, protein, macro (P, K. Ca and Mg) and micronutriments (Na, Fe, Cu and Mn) in leaves and stems were determined 70 days after sowing. The analysis of variance showed signif icant statistical differences between treatments only for the variables: potassium content in leaves and calcium content, iron and sodium in stem. According to the comparison of means (P ≤ 0.05) the best treatments were those that received 0.5 and 1 mL of suspension. The inoculation of Azospirillum, failed to increase the dry weight and protein contents; however, the highest values (30.2% crude protein) were associated with its application. The absence of significant effects in the other variables evaluated is associated with inoculum concentration, however, higher values are shown in the nutrient contents in relation to results reported in other research.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and rumen degradability of byproducts available in the Amazon region

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3605
Author(s):  
Ernestina dos Ribeiro Santos Neta ◽  
Luis Rennan Sampaio Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Mezzomo ◽  
Daiany Íris Gomes ◽  
Janaina Barros Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Babassu Cake

This study evaluated the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) and crude protein (CP) in byproducts of African oil palm (palm cake, kernel or fiber), macaúba (pulp cake and kernel cake), acai (acai fruit), babassu (kernel cake) and pineapple (peel, crown and bagasse silage). Nineteen rumen-fistulated sheep were kept in individual stalls, receiving a daily diet composed of elephant grass silage and corn and soybean concentrate. After preparation in nylon bags, the byproduct samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 12, 16, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours, with three replicates of each ingredient per incubation time. The divergence between the protein nutritional value and energy nutritional value, based on discriminatory variables between groups, was estimated by cluster analysis. The effective degradability of DM, NDFap and CP for the different byproducts was, respectively, 35.9, 26.9 and 59.0% for palm cake; 48.3, 34.3 and 76.4% for palm kernel; 21.1, 6.6 and 50.3% for palm fiber; 34.3, 15.0 and 52.8% for macaúba pulp cake; 58.1; 63.0 and 51.6% for macaúba kernel cake; 49.7, 49.6 and 41.8% for babassu cake; 53.4, 40.5 and 79.8% for pineapple bagasse silage; and 21.3, 17.0 and 38.9% for acai fruit. Based on their NDFap and CP characteristics, the feeds were clustered in up to four different groups.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francirose Shigaki ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Ribeiro Jesus ◽  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
B Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fermentation Period

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P < 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.

scholarly journals Effect of using inoculant on elephant grass silage with additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50533
Author(s):  
Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva ◽  
Fabio Jacobs Dias ◽  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
Ewerton de Souza Tanaka ◽  
Maycom Marinho Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Silage Production

This study aimed to evaluate the use of inoculant on silage of elephant grass, wet brewery waste and buriti meal at different silo opening times. The experimental silage tested was composed of 50% elephant grass, 30% wet brewery waste, and 20% buriti meal. The experimental design was randomized block in a factorial arrangement (2 x 4), where the treatments consisted of the use or not of inoculant during silage processing, and four silo opening times (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Data collected were firstly subjected to ANOVA and subsequent Tukey’s test. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. The use of inoculant in silage production provided more acidic pH (p < 0.05) and higher (p < 0.05) effluent losses. Longer silo opening times resulted in more alkaline pH (p < 0.05) and higher (p < 0.05) effluent losses. The use of inoculant in silage production and longer silo opening times provided higher (p < 0.05) content of ash, crude protein, and fats, and lower (p < 0.05) content of dry matter and fiber (neutral and acid detergent). However, there was no interaction between the factors evaluated in this study. It was concluded that the inoculant may be used in the production of elephant grass silages, wet brewery waste, and buriti meal, providing a more acidic pH, higher effluent losses, lower contents of dry matter and fiber, and higher nutritional content. As the opening time was extended up to 28 days, there was more alkaline pH, higher effluent losses, lower dry matter and fiber content, and higher nutritional content.

A note on the apparent digestibility of energy and protein in dried poultry excreta

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Lowman ◽  
D. W. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Detailed Work

SUMMARYThe nutritional value of dried poultry excreta was investigated by determining the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen, energy and copper in five diets containing 0 to 100% of this feed. Dried poultry excreta supplied 20·21% apparently digestible crude protein and approximately 1·57 or 1·74 Mcal of metabolizable energy per kg dry matter.The copper in dried poultry excreta was found to be less digestible than the copper in barley. It is concluded that, as far as copper levels are concerned, dried poultry excreta are safe for ruminants, and are a source ofcheap protein. More detailed work is needed to determine the metabolizable energy of the material accurately.

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