scholarly journals Siblings’ Influence on the Motor Competence of Preschoolers

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Luis P. Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Luz ◽  
Rita Cordovil ◽  
Rui Mendes ◽  
Rita Alexandre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Single Child

The number of single-child families has been rising steadily in recent years, resulting in a childhood absent of sibling relationships. Being an only child has been shown to have a negative impact on physical fitness, somatic fitness, and motor development. In this study, we aimed to understand how living with and without siblings can impact the motor competence of children. One hundred and sixty-one children (87 boys, 74 girls) from 3.0 to 6.0 years of age (34 only children, 125 siblings) and with no known motor or cognitive disability were assessed using the Motor Competence Assessment (MCA). Their standardized results on the three MCA subscales (stability, locomotor, and manipulative) and total MCA were used to group them into high, average, and low motor competence groups. Motor competence percentile distribution of the sibling and only child group condition was compared using chi-square tests. Results showed a significative and positive association between the sibling condition and the distribution between the three MC groups (chi-square = 6.29; p = 0.043), showing that children in a household with siblings, independent of their age and sex, show a clear tendency for developing better motor competence.

scholarly journals Only children or children with siblings: who has greater physical activity and healthier weight?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Sigmund ◽  
Dagmar Sigmundová
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
Single Child

Abstract Background: The influence of parents on the physical activity (PA) and body weight of their children is confirmed by scientific studies. However, it is not known whether only children or those with siblings have a higher level of PA and healthier body weight. One aim of this study is to assess whether there are any differences in the achievement of the daily step count (SC) recommendation and in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between only children and children from families with multiple children. Another aim is to investigate whether the achievement of the daily SC recommendation by children/parents and parental overweight/obesity are associated with childhood obesity. Methods: The analysis included 566 families (10.6% with a single child, 89.4% with two or more children) with complete data of family members for weight status and ambulatory PA monitored with a Yamax pedometer during the spring and autumn in 2013-2019. The cut-point values of the daily SC recommendation amounted to ≥13,000/≥11,000 steps per day for 5-12-year-old sons/daughters and ≥10,000 steps per day for 12-16-year-old adolescents and adults. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare the achievement of the daily SC recommendation and the prevalence of overweight and obesity between only children and those with siblings. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to investigate whether the achievement of the daily SC recommendation by children/parents and parental overweight/obesity were associated with obesity in their offspring. Results: A significantly higher proportion of children with siblings (p<0.01) achieved the recommended daily SC (51.8% vs. 31.7%) and showed a lower prevalence of overweight (16.2% vs. 20.0%) and obesity (7.1% vs. 20.0%) compared with only children. The achievement of the daily SC recommendation in children significantly (p<0.05) reduced the odds (OR) of obesity (OR=0.22-0.34). The children with siblings had lower odds (OR=0.41-0.54) of obesity than the only children. The overweight/obesity of mothers significantly increased (p<0.05) the odds of obesity (OR=2.07) in their children. Conclusion: Children with siblings achieve the daily SC recommendation more often at weekends and on average for the whole week and have a lower incidence of overweight and obesity than children from single-child families.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Portuguese Children’s Motor Competence

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
André Pombo ◽  
Carlos Luz ◽  
Cristina de Sá ◽  
Luis Paulo Rodrigues ◽  
Rita Cordovil
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Lower Quartile ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
The Impact

During long periods without school, children are more susceptible to unhealthy behaviors, such as an increase in sedentary behaviors, which has a negative impact on children’s motor competence (MC). The COVID-19 lockdown offered us a unique opportunity to test, in a quasi-experimental setting, the impact of lockdown movement restrictions on children’s MC. We assessed the motor competence of 114 children aged 6–9 years using the motor competence assessment. All children were tested before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. Chi-square and 2 × 2 ANOVA (sex by moment) were used to further analyze the data. Regardless of sex, motor performances in all tests (except for jumping sideways in boys) were lower when compared with performances before lockdown. There was a marked decreasing trend in children’s levels of MC, shifting from an upper to a lower quartile in different tests. The results after the lockdown were always significantly inferior to the results before lockdown in all motor tests (except jumping sideways), in the three components of MC, and in global MC. Children’s global MC score decreased by an average of 13 points in boys and 16 points in girls. The imposed movement restrictions had a negative effect on children’s motor competence development.

scholarly journals Familial and Societal Situation of Both Only Children and Their Families in the Age of Pandemic. Selected Issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (54) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nosek-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Only Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Single Child

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The predominant goal of this article is to put emphasis on issues only children face in the modern world. The theoretical scope of the paper incorporates the specificity of the only child phenomenon, the familial situation of only children, as well as the possibility of maintaining social contacts and developing in the current pandemic-driven situation. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: Research problems have the form of the following questions: What is the familial situation of children not having any siblings? How does the pandemic affect the upbringing of only children? What conditions for development and opportunities for establishing social contacts does the age of pandemic create for only children? The analytical and synthetic method of the literature approach to the subject has been applied. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Basing on scientific studies, the specificity of the only child phenomenon has been identified, most important features of the family-oriented educational environment have been distinguished, as well as the nature of functioning of a family having a single child only has been elaborated on. RESEARCH RESULTS: Consideration on the issues raised within the scope of this paper has indicated that the only child’s interactions with adults should have an appropriate form and nature. It is necessary to keep a healthy balance between the world of children and the world of adults. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: It has been noticed that the modern perception of only children is changing, which is the result of expanding interpersonal relations and the development of technology. Contemporary only children do not remain in absolute isolation from the environment.

scholarly journals Problems and Issues Related To Mother of an Only Child in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Disha Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Only Child ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Single Child

In a nation like INDIA where ‘Chieftain’ is very important word with every one, it is a hard challenge for a mother to grow their children even if she is having family to support her. Many parents get confused about having a single child or more than one. They generally facing some questions like ‘Never have just one child!’, ‘Are only children happier?’, “The Best Reasons for Having More Than One Child” and many more. They often get confused about deciding whether have a single child or more that they could not decided what is better for their child. So this article is all about the problems and its solution related to single child and her mother as parent.

Abstract TP207: Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Profiles of Patients with Diabetes in the Greater Cincinnati/ Northern Kentucky Stroke Study

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy E Madsen ◽  
Jane C Khoury ◽  
Kathleen Alwell ◽  
Charles J Moomaw ◽  
Stacie L Demel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) carries a greater stroke risk for females than males, possibly because of a difference in cardiovascular risk profiles between females and males with DM. Our aim was to compare the sex-specific risk factor profiles for patients with DM with those without DM among patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the Greater Cincinnati/ Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (GCNKSS). Methods: The GCNKSS ascertained cases of AIS in 2005 and 2010 among adult (age ≥20 years) residents of a biracial population of 1.3 million. Past and current stroke risk factors, obtained via chart review, were compared between those with and without DM using chi-square to examine bivariate differences and multiple logistic regression to examine sex-specific profiles. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 3515 patients with incident AIS; 1919 (55%) were female, 697 (20%) were black, and 1146 (33%) had DM. A lower proportion of females with DM were over 65 years old compared with those without DM. The proportion of males >65 with DM was not significantly different from that of males without DM. Among both females and males with DM, significantly more were Black, obese, and had histories of hypertension, high cholesterol, CAD and myocardial infarction compared to those without DM. In sex-specific adjusted analyses, women with DM were significantly less likely to be over 65 and more likely to have CAD than women without DM, whereas age and CAD were not significant factors in differentiating the profiles of men with and without DM. Conclusions: The result that females had their strokes at a younger age if they had a history of DM, and that no such age difference existed in males, suggests that DM is more severe and has a greater negative impact on females than males. As opposed to males, females with DM were also more likely to have CAD compared to those without DM, consistent with a possible sex difference in the association between DM and vascular disease.

Postural Disorders in Conservatory Students: The Diesis Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ramella ◽  
F Fronte ◽  
RM Converti
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Giuseppe Verdi ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Conservatory Students ◽  
Postural Disorders ◽  
Associated Variables

Prolonged and incorrect postures are one of the main risk factors for the development of musculoskeletal pathologies. The aims of this study were to study the prevalence of incorrect postures among conservatory students; to identify if the use of an asymmetric instrument represents a risk factor for developing postural disorders; and to investigate whether a correlation exists between years of study, physical activity, and prevalence of postural disorders. METHODS: The subjects were recruited among students of the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory of Milano. All musical instruments were investigated and classified as asymmetric and symmetrical. The observed student posture was classified without instrument as “correct posture” or “postural disorder” and with an with instrument as “optimal posture” or “non-optimal posture.” While playing, the postural disorder was classified as “unchanged” or “increased.” The data were analyzed with chi-square and linear regression methods. RESULTS: Of the 148 conservatory students entered into the study, 66.2% had a postural disorder; 73.4% had a non-optimal posture, and playing an asymmetric instrument was the only variable associated (p=0.01). While playing, the postural disorder was increased in 59.2%; playing an asymmetric instrument (p=0.01) and years of practice (p=0.007) were the significantly associated variables. CONCLUSIONS: To play an asymmetric instrument exposes musicians to an increased risk of non-optimal postures and to a worsened postural disorder when present. Considering that the years of practice have an additional negative impact on postural disorders, further studies are needed to clarify the role of non-optimal postures in the development of musculoskeletal complaints among students and professional musicians.

scholarly journals A brief review on motor development: fundamental motor skills as a basis for motor skill learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-355
Author(s):  
Rodolfo N. Benda ◽  
Nádia F. S. Marinho ◽  
Marcelo G. Duarte ◽  
Patrick C. Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Paloma R. Ortigas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Motor Skill Learning ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we review the relationship between motor development and motor learning, and present a new metaphor that represents the sequence of motor development, which highlights fundamental motor skills as an important phase in the process. As one of the most relevant phases of motor development, several studies that analyzed fundamental motor skills were reviewed in typical developing children as well as in children with disabilities. Most studies revealed motor performance levels below expected since proficiency was not observed. We discuss these results considering fundamental motor skills as essential for the motor development process. Such results raise the awareness of the need to offer children conditions to explore and experience motor activities in order to enhance motor competence.

scholarly journals Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Konsumsi Alkohol Anak Jalanan di Kota Kediri

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Esta Ruri Solecha ◽  
Diah Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Approach Method

The behavior of alcohol consumption among street children is a serious health problem, because the behavior can have a negative impact. This behavior occurs due to imperfect social interaction in the community and life within the family of street children. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the behavior of alcohol consumption in street children in Kediri. This research method using quantitative approach method. The population in this study is all street children in Kediri with the criteria of adolescents ie age 10-19 years. The sample used in this study were 30 respondents, using accidental sampling method. The variables used are alcohol consumption behavior, attitude, knowledge, affordability, and peers. Data were collected using questionnaire and data analysis using Chi-square test. The results showed that of 30 street children respondents 76.7% consumed alcohol. The result of Chi-square test shows that the level factor of knowledge, attitude, affordability and environment of peers who have many opportunities to perform alcohol consumption behavior is the affordability factor with OR = 15.8. This means that the easier a person to get an alcoholic drink the greater the chance to behave alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Information devices as a factor causing children’s disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2 (131)) ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Elena Nachinova ◽  
Alla Vasilevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The One ◽  
Primary School Pupils

The article addresses the problem of the negative impact of the irregular use of electronic information carriers on primary school pupils’ psychophysical development. Foreign researches and WHO data on the allowed time of use of information devices for children and teenagers, their impact on heath, speech and motor development of the younger generation are presented. The concept “information device” is defined, the main contradictions of the active use of information devices by children are described which are resulted, on the one hand, from the impossibility of education and socialisation of the younger generation apart from electronic information devices, and, on the other hand, due to their negative impact on children’s health and psychophysical development. The choice of the age group for the study is substantiated – the primary school age, at which psychophysical and psychosocial changes take place, significant for the entire subsequent period of a child’s schooling. It is emphasised that at this age period children’s computer dependence has not yet formed, even a positive effect of the use of a computer on the mental development of a primary school pupil is noted. At the same time, the use of information devices in the education and leisure of primary school pupils requires a proper organisation of their educational work, balance of various activities, formation of pupils’ conscious behaviour, which will contribute both to the education of the child and his / her proper psychophysical development. The content of the experimental research work, which was carried out at the elementary grades of schools in Odessa region involving second-third-grade pupils and their parents, is described. The results of the surveys represented by pupils and their parents, pedagogical observations, assessment of pupils’ performance, the characteristics of their speech and motor development have shown an increase in the time allotted to children to work with information devices and the negative impact of their irregular use on the psychophysical development of primary school children.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with colon adenomas in a brazilian university hospital

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadia Gilda Buso ◽  
Haroldo Luis Oliva Gomes Rocha ◽  
Débora Miranda Diogo ◽  
Priscila Miranda Diogo ◽  
Augusto Diogo-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Colon Adenomas ◽  
Colonic Adenomas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

CONTEXT: The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and colon neoplasia has been the subject of recent investigations which have produced controversial results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with colonic adenomas and also in patients whose colonoscopy exams were normal. METHODS: After colonoscopy, the individuals were distributed into two groups: patients with colon adenomas (cases) and patients whose colons were normal (controls). The groups were similar regarding age and gender. The individuals of both groups were subjected to a dosage of IgG antibody against H. pylori. The dosage was applied according to the solid phase, chemiluminescent immunometric assay. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were 30 men and 64 women in each group (94 cases and 94 controls). The mean age of the cases was 59.79 ± 12.25 years and that of the controls was 58.98 ± 11.55 years. The H. pylori serology was positive for 66 (70.21%) of the cases and for 51 (54.25%) of the controls. There was a significant difference (P = 0.024). The odds ratio was 1.98 (CI 95%, 0.82-3.15). The prevalence of H. pylori in cases and controls according to gender, histological type and location of the colon lesions showed a significant difference only among women (P = 0.03), among patients with tubular adenomas (P = 0.03), and in those with distal adenomas (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION: There is a positive association between H. pylori infection and colonic adenomas. This association is more evident in women, especially for tubular adenomas and distal colonic location.

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