scholarly journals Microalgae as a Sustainable, Natural-Oriented and Vegan Dermocosmetic Bioactive Ingredient: The Case of Neochloris oleoabundans

Cosmetics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ana Lucía Morocho-Jácome ◽  
Bruna Bertoloni dos Santos ◽  
João Carlos Monteiro de Carvalho ◽  
Tânia Santos de Almeida ◽  
Patrícia Rijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Neochloris Oleoabundans ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Copolymer 1 ◽  
Strong Claim

“Vegan” and “sustainable” characteristics are strong claim trends behind the development of innovative skincare, fragrances, and makeup products. This created a need in the market for compliant ingredients. To date, there have been no records evidencing the use of the microalgae Neochloris oleoabundans (NA) in dermocosmetics. Therefore, we studied the applicability of such a natural compound in this context. NA was cultivated, and the scavenging activity (SA) of the NA extracts was evaluated. The highest SA was from the aqueous extract (54.8% ± 2.1%), being higher than that of the positive control. Two hydrogels were prepared with 1.0% ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer: (1) control gel; and (2) gel with a 1.0% NA aqueous extract. In vivo experiments were performed in healthy male and female volunteers with skin phototypes of II–IV. The stratum corneum (SC) hydration and the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured in the forearm of participants to determine their biocompatibility. This parameter was determined by skin bioengineering measurements, confirming that SC hydration and TEWL were not affected by the samples. The laser Doppler measurements results showed a delayed erythema onset in the sites, where the NA hydrogel was applied. The results confirmed the biocompatibility and the anti-inflammatory activity of an innovative ingredient derived from microalgae suitable for a natural and vegan lifestyle.

scholarly journals Mutagenicity evaluation of Anastatica hierochuntica L. aqueous extract in vitro and in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Rosmani Md Zin ◽  
Zahurin Mohamed ◽  
Mohammed A Alshawsh ◽  
Won F Wong ◽  
Normadiah M Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Vitro Assay

Anastatica hierochuntica L. ( A. hierochuntica), a folk medicinal plant, was evaluated for mutagenic potential via in vitro and in vivo assays. The in vitro assay was conducted according to modified Ames test, while the in vivo study was performed according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline for mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus assay. Four groups ( n= 5 males and 5 females per group) Sprague Dawley rats were randomly chosen as the negative control, positive control (received a single intramuscular injection of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg), 1000 and, 2000 mg/kg A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts. All groups except the positive control were treated orally for three days. Findings of the in vitro assay showed mutagenic potential of AHAE at 0.04 and 0.2 mg/ml. However, no mutagenic effect was demonstrated in the in vivo study up to 2000 mg/kg. No significant reduction in the polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio was noted in any of the groups. Meanwhile, high micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes frequency was seen in cyclophosphamide-treated group only. These findings could perhaps be due to insufficient dosage of A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts to cause genetic damage on the bone marrow target cells. Further acute and chronic in vivo toxicity studies may be required to draw pertinent conclusion on the safety aspect of A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts consumption. Impact statement In this paper, we report on the mutagenicity evaluation of Anastatica hierochuntica aqueous extract. This is a significant research in view of the popularity of this herb consumption by the people across the globe despite of limited scientific evidence on its toxicity potential. This study is intended to encourage more extensive related research in order to provide sufficient evidence and guidance for determining its safe dosage.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Treatment in Gamba Village, North Region of Cameroon: Ethnopharmacological Survey; In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Khaya Senegalensis Bark.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi ◽  
Roselyne Teponging Nzangue ◽  
Josue Haskandi Kalaza ◽  
Willy Pabo ◽  
Siméon Pierre Fodouop Chegaing
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis

Abstract Background: In traditional medicine, the floral diversity permits the inhabitants of North Cameroon to use a great number of plants to fight against Malaria. The aim of this study was to identify plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, and to verify the scientific basis for the use of one of these plants in the locality of Gamba.Methods: An Ethnopharmacological survey was carried out on 15 traditional healers. We collected data on use of medicinal plants using questionnaires. Then in-vivo antimalarial activity of the decoctioned and macerated aqueous extracts of khaya senegalensis trunk bark was evaluated. The 4-day suppressive peters test was realised on mus musculus swiss albino mice. On day one, mice were infected with 107 plasmodium berghei parasitized red blood cells through intra-peritoneal inoculation. 2 hours after infestation, mice in batches of 6 were treated orally at a dose of 75, 150.300 mg/Kg for macerated aqueous extract and 65, 120.260 mg/Kg for decoctioned extract daily during 3 days at an administration volume of 10 ml/Kg. An extract was considered (% reduction): Highly active (between 100-90 %); moderate (between 90-50 %); weak (between 50-10 %); Inactive (between 0 %). P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 18 plant species belonging to 12 families were identified for the preparation of 12 recipes. The decocted aqueous extract of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity (% reduction = 52.46%) at the highest dose of 260 mg/kg with p<0.001 compared to the positive control group. The aqueous macerate at doses of 150 and 300mg/kg gave respectively a percentage reduction of parasitaemia of 59.42% and 71.80% and also showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity; with p<0.001 between the different extracts and the positive control (99.18%).Conclusion: In conclusion, extracts of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity. It would therefore be necessary to evaluate the anti-malarial activity in-vivo and the toxicity of the aqueous extracts macerated using other solvents and also test the other plants listed.

scholarly journals LOWERING URIC ACID EFFICACY TEST OF THE COMBINED EXTRACT OF UNCARIA GAMBIR (HUNTER) ROXB. AND CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L. IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sri Ningsih ◽  
Fahri Fahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
A Value

 Objective: Hyperuricemia (high uric acid levels) prevalence increased year by year. This study was aimed to elaborate the in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and in vivo lowering hyperuricemic effect of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) (gambir), Caesalpinia sappan L. (secang) and the combined extract of secang and gambir (formulae extract [FE]).Methods: Gambir and secang extracts were prepared by maceration with ethanol and FE was the proportioned combination of these two extracts. XO inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the formation of uric acid in the xanthine/XO system in vitro using allopurinol as a positive control at 100 ug/mL. Antioxidant activity was by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical reducing methods. The in vivo experiments were conducted in the oxonate-induced hyperuricemia rat model, in which FE was gavaged p.o. at the arrange dose of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg bw for 2 weeks. Polyphenol content was measured using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent spectrophotometrically.Results: The XO inhibitory activity of FE was 80% of allopurinol, while secang and gambir were 98% and 50%, respectively. The strength was appropriate to the total polyphenol content, in which it decreased in the order of secang (99%) > FE (86%) > gambir (46%). Furthermore, FE at all tested doses was able to decrease uric acid levels. FE also demonstrated antioxidant activity with a value of 74% relative to Vitamin C at 4 ug/mL.Conclusion: These studies could be concluded that FE exhibited the ability to decrease uric acid level so that it was potential to be developed further as a uric acid-lowering agent.

PSVI-1 Evaluation of the synergistic effect of iron and an aqueous extract of oak bark on rumen microbiome of cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 231-232
Author(s):  
Kseniya Atlanderova ◽  
Galimzhan Duskaev
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract The search for new substances, alternatives to feed antibiotics in animal husbandry, is relevant in connection with the development of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. Substances of plant and mineral origin including nanoforms are of particular interest. The experiment studied the synergistic effect of iron (Fe; d = 80 nm) and an aqueous extract of oak bark (Ex; 1:10) on the microbiome of ruminal fluid of bulls (age 14 months, n = 5). Group I - control; Group II - Ex (0.6 ml / kg / lm); Group III - Fe (0.1 mg/kg/FM) with Ex in the same dosage. The collection of ruminal fluid was performed through a chronic ruminal fistula. Metagenomic analysis of cicatricial fluid was performed on a MiSeq device (Illumina, USA). Analysis of the data showed that the Bacteria domain is more influenced by Ex, there is a decrease by 27.0% (P ≤ 0.05), while in group III by 3.0% relative to the control. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes had the greatest importance, in group I their ratio was 39.3 and 54.7%, in group II - 37.7 and 56.4%, in group III - 46.1 and 47.0% of the total the number of bacteria. The use of Ex increases the amount of Bacilli by 14.7 and 13.4 (P ≤ 0.05) % relative to groups I and III. The introduction of the composition Ex and Fe increases Lachnospiraceae - 15.0% and Ruminococcaceae - 8.1% of the total number of microorganisms and reduces Streptococcus relative to other groups by 1.3 and 14.9% (P ≤ 0.05). Thus, the combined use of Ex and Fe affects the numerical value of microorganisms, as well as their ratio in the rumen through inhibition. At the same time, the data obtained require further research, including in vivo experiments. This research was performed with financial support from the RSF (20-16-00088).

scholarly journals A Simple and a Reliable Method to Quantify Antioxidant Activity In Vivo

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pilar de Torre ◽  
Rita Yolanda Cavero ◽  
María Isabel Calvo ◽  
José Luis Vizmanos
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Age Related

The characterization of compounds with antioxidant activity is of great interest due to their ability to reduce reactive oxygen species production and, therefore, prevent some age-related diseases. Its antioxidant capacity can be analyzed by different methods both in vitro and in vivo. Caenorhabditis elegans is an in vivo model widely used in ageing research. Until now, available tests analyze functional effects in the worms, so the antioxidant activity of the compound is indirectly monitored. We have developed a simple and a reliable method to quantify internal antioxidant activity in vivo. To validate this method, we analyzed an aqueous green tea extract and two other compounds with a well-known antioxidant activity and without this activity. The results obtained (EC50 green tea = 21.76 ± 1.28 µg/mL; EC50 positive control = 8.50 ± 0.33 µg/mL; negative control EC50 > 500 µg/mL) can help in the design of further in vivo experiments. Thus, our method can be used as a previous screening capable of reducing the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays.

scholarly journals In vivo Anti-Cancer Activity of N-halamines

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Faten Zahran ◽  
Akaber T. Keshta ◽  
Abd El-Shafey I. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Antitumor Activity ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Copolymer 1

Purpose: N-halamines were known for their antimicrobial action due to the presence of halogen in their structure. In our search for new anti-cancer agents, we have evaluated the anti-cancer and anti-oxidant properties of some synthetic N-Halamines with high and low molecular weight in comparison with their non-halogenated forms. Urea epichlorohydrin copolymer (1), 4(1H, 3H-2, 6-dioxo-1, 3, 5-trizenyl)-O-iminomethylpolyethylene (3) and cynuric acid (5) in addition to their halogenated forms 2, 4 and 6 were selected for this study. Methodology: the toxicity for the synthesized compounds was determined. The anti-cancer and anti-oxidant activities were studied by evaluation the viability of tumor cells, life span prolongation, and estimation of antioxidants, and effects of these compounds on liver histology. Findings: Doses up to 2000 mg/kg indicated good safety in all investigated compounds. In Vivo antitumor activity results against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells for the investigated compounds revealed that, the volume of ascites was significantly decreased in compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 treated groups. EAC cell count was significantly reduced for similar groups, respectively, compared to the positive control group. Malonadildehyde, and nitric oxide showed a significant reduction in their levels in the treated groups, while catalase showed a significant elevation in its activity in the same groups compared to positive control group. Conclusion: Halogenated compounds showed good anti-oxidant behavior while compound 6 showed the best anti-tumor effect.

scholarly journals Melissa officinalis L. Aqueous Extract Exerts Antioxidant and Antiangiogenic Effects and Improves Physiological Skin Parameters

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2369
Author(s):  
Simona Sipos ◽  
Elena-Alina Moacă ◽  
Ioana Zinuca Pavel ◽  
Ştefana Avram ◽  
Octavian Marius Crețu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Vascular Toxicity ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Melissa officinalis (MO) is a medicinal plant well-known for its multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer and beneficial effects on skin recovery. In this context, the present study was aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo safety profile of an MO aqueous extract by assessing cell viability on normal (HaCaT—human keratinocytes) and tumor (A375—human melanoma) cells and its impact on physiological skin parameters by a non-invasive method. In addition, the antioxidant activity and the antiangiogenic potential of the extract were verified. A selective cytotoxic effect was noted in A375 cells, while no toxicity was noticed in healthy cells. The MO aqueous extract safety profile after topical application was investigated on SKH-1 mice, and an enhanced skin hydration and decreased erythema and transepidermal water loss levels were observed. The in ovo CAM assay, performed to investigate the potential modulating effect on the angiogenesis process and the blood vessels impact, indicated that at concentrations of 100 and 500 µg/mL, MO aqueous extract induced a reduction of thin capillaries. No signs of vascular toxicity were recorded at concentrations as high as 1000 μg/mL. The aqueous extract of MO leaves can be considered a promising candidate for skin disorders with impaired physiological skin parameters.

scholarly journals Alternative therapies for denture stomatitis treatment: in vivo experimental model in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Guilherme Rodrigues Teodoro ◽  
Gabriela De Morais Gouvêa Lima ◽  
Marina Bacelar Silva ◽  
Patricia Carla Lopes ◽  
Cybelle Mori Hiraoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Denture Stomatitis

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Denture stomatitis (DS) is a multifactorial condition that commonly affects denture users and is mainly caused by <em>Candida albicans</em>. Due to the toxic effects of antifungal therapy, new therapies for DS are claimed. <strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous extract of <em>Buchenavia tomentosa</em> and sodium bicarbonate against <em>C. albicans</em> in a model of DS in rats. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> An acrylic resin device simulating a denture base was fixed covering the palate of forty-eight male rats followed by candidiasis induction. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n=12): Control, sodium bicarbonate, <em>B. tomentosa</em> and nystatin (positive control). Each group was subdivided according to the period of treatment; 24 hours (n=6) and 48 hours (n=6). Animals were sacrificed and had their devices removed for <em>C. albicans </em>counts and SEM analysis. The palate mucosa was removed and processed for histopathologic analysis. <strong>Results: </strong>After 24 hours of treatment, both <em>B. tomentosa</em> and nystatin groups reduced significantly <em>C. albicans </em>counts when compared to control (nystatin x control, p&lt;0.01; <em>B. tomentosa</em> x control, p=0.03). The results were confirmed by the histologic analysis. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Both the aqueous extract of <em>B. tomentosa</em> and sodium bicarbonate was able to significantly decrease <em>C. albicans</em> counts in an experimental model of DS.</p>

scholarly journals Anthelmintic effect of Indigofera tinctoria L on Haemonchus contortus obtained from sheep in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1272-1278
Author(s):  
Iskandar Muda ◽  
Joko Prastowo ◽  
Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
Sarmin Sarmin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

Background and Aim: Hemonchosis has resulted in huge economic losses for sheep farmers worldwide. Secondary metabolite compounds from Indigofera tinctoria L. can be used as anthelmintics. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of I. tinctoria L. aqueous extract (IAE) as an anthelmintic against adult Haemonchus contortus isolated from sheep. Materials and Methods: Ten active adult worms were placed in each Petri dish containing 25 mL of IAE, each having a different concentration of IAE (at concentrations 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, and 220 mg/mL). Each experiment was repeated. The positive control used 1% albendazole, and the negative control used 0.62% saline water. The number of immobile worms and the time of mortality were recorded after 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. The dead worms were subsequently tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the in vivo study, 15 sheep with an average fecal egg count (FEC) of 1000 eggs per gram were treated with IAE for 9 days: Group A (negative control, saline water 0.62%), Group B (21 mg/mL), Group C (41 mg/mL), Group D (62 mg/mL), and Group E (positive control, albendazole 100 mg/mL). Measurements of the body weight, FEC reduction test, and hematology testing were performed on days 0, 7, and 14. SEM was performed using worms found from the abomasum of slaughtered sheep. Results: The leaves of I. tinctoria L. contained a number of secondary metabolites, including total tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The most effective concentration that killed the adult H. contortus worms was 220 mg/mL (93.33% mortality) after 8 h of treatment. The electrophoresis results showed that the protein band at a dose of 22% was less than that of the control. The highest FECR value of the treatment group on the 14th day after treatment was at a dose of 62 mg/mL. The highest weight gain as well as the highest increased hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and total erythrocyte count (TEC) values on the 14th day after treatment were at a dose of 41 mg/mL. The SEM results showed that IAE treatment caused the worms' anterior parts to become wrinkled with thick creases and cuticle abrasion (in vitro) and the anterior part to shrink along with the presence of aggregates in the worm cuticle (in vivo). Conclusion: The aqueous extract of I. tinctoria contains tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids and has an anthelmintic effect with decreased FEC, increased weight gain, Hb, PCV, and TEC, causing damage to the worms' body and reducing the protein profile of adult H. contortus worms.

scholarly journals Kalanchoe Pinnata aqueous extract has the potential to improve haematological profile and fatigue status of mice subjected to Free Swimming Endurance Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 063-075
Author(s):  
Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda ◽  
Odine Perez Maloba ◽  
Mbigah Pascal Monju ◽  
Germain Sotoing Taiwe ◽  
Théophile Dimo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata

Introduction: Kalanchoe pinnata extracts have been shown to possess beneficial cardiovascular effects, analgesic and myorelaxant activities. This study aimed at evaluating the haematological and anti-fatigue effects of its aqueous extract. Materials and methods: This was an in vivo pharmacological experiment, carried out in the Laboratory of Zoology, University of Buea, from January to May 2018. A total of 48 mice were subjected to a 90mins/day-free endurance swimming test for 14 days. Two groups of mice received distilled water and 12% NaCl solution, respectively. Five groups received the plant extract (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) and 200mg/kg/day+NaCl. One positive control group received 5% Vitamin C (1.97mg/kg/day). All administrations were by gavage. Maximum swimming time, glycaemia, lactatemia, uremia, triglyceridemia, haematological indices, tissue glutathion peroxidase, malondialdehyde, glucose and creatine kinase-MB in the heart or gastrocnemius muscle were measured. Results: K. pinnata (50 and 100mg/kg/day) induced a non-significant increase of the swimming duration, compared to neutral control. However, the 12%NaCl group recorded a significant (P<0.05) increase. In the blood, NaCl induced a decrease of platelets that was significantly reverted by the extract in the 200mg/kg+NaCl group. The extract prevented the increase of the level of CK-MB in NaCl group and decreased the serum triglycerides, glucose, urea nitrogen and Lactate levels. In the tissues, MDA and CK-MB levels significantly increased (P<0.001) in the negative control. These increases were significantly (P<0.001) prevented by K. pinnata (200mg/kg/day). Conclusions: Significant biochemical variations support the hypothesis that K. pinnata could be used to delay exercise induced fatigue.

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