Systematic Analysis of the Maize OSCA Genes Revealing ZmOSCA Family Members Involved in Osmotic Stress and ZmOSCA2.4 Confers Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

OSCAs are hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channel proteins. In this study, two co-expression modules, which are strongly associated with maize proline content, were screened by weighted correlation network analysis, including three ZmOSCA family members. Phylogenetic and protein domain analyses revealed that 12 ZmOSCA members were classified into four classes, which all contained DUF221 domain. The promoter region contained multiple core elements responsive to abiotic stresses and hormones. Colinear analysis revealed that ZmOSCAs had diversified prior to maize divergence. Most ZmOSCAs responded positively to ABA, PEG, and NaCl treatments. ZmOSCA2.3 and ZmOSCA2.4 were up-regulated by more than 200-fold under the three stresses, and showed significant positive correlations with proline content. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation indicated that ZmOSCA2.3 and ZmOSCA2.4 proteins interacted with ZmEREB198. Over-expression of ZmOSCA2.4 in Arabidopsis remarkably improved drought resistance. Moreover, over-expression of ZmOSCA2.4 enhanced the expression of drought tolerance-associated genes and reduced the expression of senescence-associated genes. We also found that perhaps ZmOSCA2.4 was regulated by miR5054.The results provide a high-quality molecular resource for selecting resistant breeding, and lay a foundation for elucidating regulatory mechanism of ZmOSCA under abiotic stresses.

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Maize seedling performance as a potential index for drought tolerance

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs170504036k ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 167-177

Author(s):

Natalija Kravic ◽

Sukalovic Hadzi-Taskovic ◽

Vojka Babic ◽

Jelena Srdic ◽

Jelena Mesarovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root Growth ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Maize Seedling ◽

Proline Content ◽

Seedling Root ◽

Early Seedling ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Adult Plants

Twenty-six maize landraces were tested in order to evaluate maize seedling performance as an index for drought tolerance in adult plants. Samples were subjected to polyethylene glycol-induced osmotic stress at the early seedling stage. Grain yield was obtained in field experiments under well-watered (OC) and a combination of drought and high plant density (HD) conditions. Osmotic stress caused a reduction in seedling growth (length, fresh and dry weight), and increase in the shoot and in particular the root proline contents in the majority of landraces, and variations in root peroxidase (POD) activity. Genotypes displaying more pronounced root growth reduction and higher proline contents exhibited decreased POD activity under osmotic stress. Direct positive correlations between the proline content and growth inhibition, and between the proline and soluble protein content were established. Correlations between the changes in POD activity and growth parameters were significant and positive, and significant but negative with the changes in the proline content. In the field, water stress led to a reduction in grain yield in all of the tested landraces. Correlations between grain yield from both experimental sets (OC and HD) and osmotic-induced changes in seedling root growth were negative, which was opposite to the highly significant and positive correlations between the changes in the seedling root proline content and yield. Also, genotypes with the highest seedling root proline content increase under osmotic stress, exhibited the highest stress tolerance index (STI) based on grain yield achieved under both field conditions. Our results indicate that lower changes in POD activity and especially an increased proline content after exposure to osmotic stress during the early seedling stage could be considered as useful indices to facilitate selection efficiency for drought tolerance in adult plants.

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Systematic analysis of the OSCA family members in Vigna radiata and their involvement in osmotic resistance

10.21203/rs.3.rs-191826/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lili Yin ◽

Meiling Zhang ◽

Ruigang Wu ◽

Xiaoliang Chen ◽

Fei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vigna Radiata ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Functional Divergence ◽

Family Members ◽

Warm Season ◽

Protein Domain ◽

Evolutionary Analysis ◽

Systematic Analysis

Abstract Background Mung bean (Vigna radiata) is a warm-season legume crop and belongs to papilionoid subfamily of the Fabaceae. China is the leading producer of mung bean in the world. It has significant economic and health benefits and is a promising species with broad adaptation and high tolerance to stress environments. The OSCA family members play an important role in the modulation of hypertonic stresses, such as drought and salinity. However, genome-wide analysis of the OSCA family in mung bean is lacking. Results We identified a total of 13 OSCA genes in the mung bean genome and named according to their homology with AtOSCAs. All the OACAs were phylogenetically splitted into four clades. Phylogenetic relationship and synteny analyses showed that the VrOSCAs in mung bean and soybean shared a relatively conserved evolutionary history. In addition, three duplicated VrOSCA gene pairs were identified and the duplicated VrOSCA shave mainly undergone purifying selection pressure during evolution. Protein domain, motif and transmembrane analysis indicated that most of the VrOSCAs shared similar structures with their homologs. The expression pattern showed that exception of VrOSCA2.1, the other 12VrOSCAs were up-regulated expression under treatment with ABA, PEG and NaCl, among which VrOSCA1.4 showed the largest increased expression levels. The duplicated genes VrOSCA2.1/VrOSCA2.2 showed divergence expression, which might experience functionalization during subsequent evolution. The expression profiles under ABA, PEG and NaCl stress revealed a functional divergence of VrOSCA genes, which agreed with the cis-acting elements analysis in the promoter of VrOSCA genes. Conclusions Collectively, the study provided a systematic analysis of the VrOSCA family in mung bean. Our results would lay an important foundation for functional and evolutionary analysis of VrOSCAs, and provide promising genes for further investigation of abiotic stress tolerance in mung bean.

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Cytosolic TaGAPC2 Enhances Tolerance to Drought Stress in Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21207499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (20) ◽

pp. 7499

Author(s):

Lin Zhang ◽

Hanwen Zhang ◽

Shushen Yang

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽

Regulation Mechanism ◽

Over Expression ◽

Yeast Two Hybrid System ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assay ◽

Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽

Fine Tune ◽

Two Hybrid

Drought is a major natural disaster that seriously affects agricultural production, especially for winter wheat in boreal China. As functional proteins, the functions and mechanisms of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in cytoplasm (GAPCs) have remained little investigated in wheat subjected to adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we cloned and characterized a GAPC isoform TaGAPC2 in wheat. Over-expression of TaGApC2-6D in Arabidopsis led to enhanced root length, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and elevated drought tolerance. In addition, the dual-luciferase assays showed that TaWRKY28/33/40/47 could positively regulate the expression of TaGApC2-6A and TaGApC2-6D. Further results of the yeast two-hybrid system and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay (BiFC) demonstrate that TaPLDδ, an enzyme producing phosphatidic acid (PA), could interact with TaGAPC2-6D in plants. These results demonstrate that TaGAPC2 regulated by TaWRKY28/33/40/47 plays a crucial role in drought tolerance, which may influence the drought stress conditions via interaction with TaPLDδ. In conclusion, our results establish a new positive regulation mechanism of TaGAPC2 that helps wheat fine-tune its drought response.

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Over-Expression of Rose RrLAZY1 Negatively Regulates the Branch Angle of Transgenic Arabidopsis Inflorescence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222413664 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (24) ◽

pp. 13664

Author(s):

Dan Li ◽

Mingyuan Zhao ◽

Jinshan Jia ◽

Xiaoyan Yu ◽

Lanyong Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽

Economic Value ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽

Regulation Mechanism ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Over Expression ◽

Branch Angle ◽

Shoot Architecture ◽

Auxin Polar Transport ◽

Related Proteins

Branch angle is a key shoot architecture trait that strongly influences the ornamental and economic value of garden plants. However, the mechanism underlying the control of branch angle, an important aspect of tree architecture, is far from clear in roses. In the present study, we isolated the RrLAZY1 gene from the stems of Rosa rugosa ‘Zilong wochi’. Sequence analysis showed that the encoded RrLAZY1 protein contained a conserved GΦL (A/T) IGT domain, which belongs to the IGT family. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that RrLAZY1 was expressed in all tissues and that expression was highest in the stem. The RrLAZY1 protein was localized in the plasma membrane. Based on a yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments, the RrLAZY1 protein was found to interact with auxin-related proteins RrIAA16. The over-expression of the RrLAZY1 gene displayed a smaller branch angle in transgenic Arabidopsis inflorescence and resulted in changes in the expression level of genes related to auxin polar transport and signal transduction pathways. This study represents the first systematic analysis of the LAZY1 gene family in R. rugosa. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of rose plant types and molecular breeding and provide valuable information for studying the regulation mechanism of branch angle in other woody plants.

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Isolation of OsFAD2, OsFAD6 and FAD family members response to abiotic stresses in Oryza sativa L.

Hereditas (Beijing) ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1005.2010.00839 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 839-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ying-Ping CAO ◽

Jin-Lei SHI ◽

Zhong LI ◽

Feng MING

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Family Members

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Penconazole and calcium ameliorate drought stress in canola by upregulating the antioxidative enzymes

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp19341 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 825 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maryam Rezayian ◽

Vahid Niknam ◽

Hassan Ebrahimzadeh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Proline Content ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Mda Content ◽

Effects Of Drought

The aim of this research was to gauge the alternations in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activity in two cultivars (cv. RGS003 and cv. Sarigol) of canola under drought stress and drought tolerance amelioration by penconazole (PEN) and calcium (Ca). Plants were treated with different polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15%) without or with PEN (15 mg L–1) and Ca (15 mM). The Ca treatment prevented the negative effects of drought on fresh weight (FW) in RGS003 and Sarigol at 5 and 15% PEG respectively. Ca and PEN/Ca treatments caused significant induction in the proline content in Sarigol at 15% PEG; the latter treatment was accompanied by higher glycine betaine (GB), lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and growth recovery. Hydrogen peroxide (HO2) content in Sarigol was proportional to the severity of drought stress and all PEN, Ca and PEN/Ca treatments significantly reduced the H2O2 content. PEN and PEN/Ca caused alleviation of the drought-induced oxidative stress in RGS003. RGS003 cultivar exhibited significantly higher antioxidative enzymes activity at most levels of drought, which could lead to its drought tolerance and lower MDA content. In contrast to that of Sarigol, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with Ca and PEN/Ca treatments in RGS003 under low stress. The application of PEN and Ca induced significantly P5CS and SOD expression in RGS003 under drought stress after 24 h. Overall, these data demonstrated that PEN and Ca have the ability to enhance the tolerance against the drought stress in canola plants.

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Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽

Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽

Zunaira Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Severe Drought ◽

New Information ◽

Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

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The functional impact of alternative splicing in cancer

10.1101/076653 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Héctor Climente-González ◽

Eduard Porta-Pardo ◽

Adam Godzik ◽

Eduardo Eyras

Keyword(s):

Alternative Splicing ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Somatic Mutations ◽

Protein Domain ◽

Protein Protein Interactions ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Functional Impact ◽

Functional Consequences ◽

Functional Transformations

SummaryAlternative splicing changes are frequently observed in cancer and are starting to be recognized as important signatures for tumor progression and therapy. However, their functional impact and relevance to tumorigenesis remains mostly unknown. We carried out a systematic analysis to characterize the potential functional consequences of alternative splicing changes in thousands of tumor samples. This analysis revealed that a subset of alternative splicing changes affect protein domain families that are frequently mutated in tumors and potentially disrupt protein protein interactions in cancer-related pathways. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the number of these alternative splicing changes in a sample and the number of somatic mutations in drivers. We propose that a subset of the alternative splicing changes observed in tumors may represent independent oncogenic processes that could be relevant to explain the functional transformations in cancer and some of them could potentially be considered alternative splicing drivers (AS-drivers).

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Genetics of Germination and Seedling Traits under Drought Stress in a MAGIC Population of Maize

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10091786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1786

Author(s):

Soumeya Rida ◽

Oula Maafi ◽

Ana López-Malvar ◽

Pedro Revilla ◽

Meriem Riache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Genetic Regulation ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Seedling Traits ◽

Genome Wide ◽

A Genome ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Genomic Regions ◽

Magic Population

Drought is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses hampering seed germination, development, and productivity. Maize is more sensitive to drought than other cereals, especially at seedling stage. Our objective was to study genetic regulation of drought tolerance at germination and during seedling growth in maize. We evaluated 420 RIL with their parents from a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population with PEG-induced drought at germination and seedling establishment. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was carried out to identify genomic regions associated with drought tolerance. GWAS identified 28 and 16 SNPs significantly associated with germination and seedling traits under stress and well-watered conditions, respectively. Among the SNPs detected, two SNPs had significant associations with several traits with high positive correlations, suggesting a pleiotropic genetic control. Other SNPs were located in regions that harbored major QTLs in previous studies, and co-located with QTLs for cold tolerance previously published for this MAGIC population. The genomic regions comprised several candidate genes related to stresses and plant development. These included numerous drought-responsive genes and transcription factors implicated in germination, seedling traits, and drought tolerance. The current analyses provide information and tools for subsequent studies and breeding programs for improving drought tolerance.

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‘Garnem’ and Myrobalan ‘P.2175’: Two Different Drought Responses and Their Implications in Drought Tolerance

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7090299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Beatriz Bielsa ◽

María Ángeles Sanz ◽

María José Rubio-Cabetas

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Drought Response ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Wide Range ◽

Relative Water ◽

Aba Content ◽

Rootstock Breeding

One of the challenges in rootstock breeding programs is the combination of tolerances to different abiotic stresses in new interspecific hybrids adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. In this work, two Prunus L. rootstocks: Myrobalan ‘P.2175’ (P. cerasifera Ehrh.) and the almond × peach hybrid ‘Garnem’ (P. amygdalus Batsch × P. persica (L.) Batsch) were subjected to drought during 24 h to understand their drought response mechanisms. The study was conducted monitoring leaf water potential (LWP), stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), and electrolyte leakage (EL); as well as the abscisic acid (ABA) content in roots. The relative expression of five drought-relative genes was also studied. The obtained results allowed examining the drought tolerance potential of ‘Garnem’ and Myrobalan ‘P.2175’, demonstrating the great potential of ‘Garnem’ as drought tolerance source in future selections in breeding. Furthermore, based on the obtained data, the transcription factor Myb25-like could be a good biomarker of drought sensitivity for use in Prunus rootstock breeding programs.

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