scholarly journals Functional Lipids in Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Michele Dei Cas ◽  
Gabriella Roda ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Francesco Secundo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Lipids are apolar small molecules known not only as components of cell membranes but also, in recent literature, as modulators of different biological functions. Herein, we focused on the bioactive lipids that can influence the immune responses and inflammatory processes regulating vascular hyperreactivity, pain, leukocyte trafficking, and clearance. In the case of excessive pro-inflammatory lipid activity, these lipids also contribute to the transition from acute to chronic inflammation. Based on their biochemical function, these lipids can be divided into different families, including eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators, lysoglycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. These bioactive lipids are involved in all phases of the inflammatory process and the pathophysiology of different chronic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type-1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

scholarly journals Macrophage-Mediated Immune Responses: From Fatty Acids to Oxylipins

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Barbara Balestrieri ◽  
David Di Costanzo ◽  
Daniel F. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Macrophages have diverse functions in the pathogenesis, resolution, and repair of inflammatory processes. Elegant studies have elucidated the metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles of activated macrophages. However, the versatility of macrophage responses in inflammation is likely due, at least in part, to their ability to rearrange their repertoire of bioactive lipids, including fatty acids and oxylipins. This review will describe the fatty acids and oxylipins generated by macrophages and their role in type 1 and type 2 immune responses. We will highlight lipidomic studies that have shaped the current understanding of the role of lipids in macrophage polarization.

scholarly journals The Expanding Role of MT1-MMP in Cancer Progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Knapinska ◽  
Gregg B. Fields
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Fibrillar Collagen ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Complete Mapping ◽  
Membrane Type

For over 20 years, membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been recognized as a key component in cancer progression. Initially, the primary roles assigned to MT1-MMP were the activation of proMMP-2 and degradation of fibrillar collagen. Proteomics has revealed a great array of MT1-MMP substrates, and MT1-MMP selective inhibitors have allowed for a more complete mapping of MT1-MMP biological functions. MT1-MMP has extensive sheddase activities, is both a positive and negative regulator of angiogenesis, can act intracellularly and as a transcription factor, and modulates immune responses. We presently examine the multi-faceted role of MT1-MMP in cancer, with a consideration of how the diversity of MT1-MMP behaviors impacts the application of MT1-MMP inhibitors.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of benzydamine action against local inflammatory process

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Poryadin ◽  
J. M. Salmasi ◽  
A. N. Kazimirsky
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Antimicrobic Activity ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Local inflammatory diseases caused by various infections are one of the most common pathologies in medical practice. For example, tonsillopharyngitis. This disease is extremely frequent for a physician’s practice. There is a fair amount of drugs, which supposed to be helpful against tonsillopharyngitis, but different drugs are also not the same in their pharmacological effects. In gynecological practice, frequent diseases are specific and non-specific vulvovaginitis, which have inflammatory and infectious components. For administrating local pharmacotherapy in gynecology against inflammation, a large number of drugs with different mechanisms of action are proposed. In this study, we focused on key pathological mechanisms associated with acute and chronic inflammation, for which these drugs should be exposed by their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The best combination of these properties is available for benzydamine hydrochloride. Benzydamine hydrochloride has a wide antimicrobic activity against bacteria and Candida spices both albicans and non-albicans strains and allows to influence on etiologic cause of the disease. Also benzydamine hydrochloride associated with «cytokine» mechanism of anti-inflammatory action, which means that he does not affect COX enzymes and it allows to avoid gastrotoxic adverse events. Also, in this work showed and discussed aspects of the interaction of benzydamine with local immune system and justification of useful usage the benzydamine for local therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory processes caused by various infections.

scholarly journals Investigation of aspects of the interaction of the indicators of lipid exchange, trombocitarian block of hemostasis, total body reactivity and their influence on the psychosomatic harmonization of the man in chronic inflammatory processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-137
Author(s):  
Irina Sokolovskaya ◽  
Alla Kutsak ◽  
Valentyna Zarytska ◽  
Valentina Nechiporenko ◽  
Natalia Gordiyenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Lipid Exchange ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
First Time ◽  
Reduced Activity

For the first time on the basis of clinical and laboratory researches were revealed the correlation of indicators of lipid metabolism, platelet level of hemostasis and general reactivity in patients with chronic inflammatory processes of the genital system. The new pathogenetic aspects of the course of inflammatory diseases have been established. It has been shown that chronic inflammatory process is accompanied by disorders of lipid metabolism. The degree of severity of these changes depends on the severity of the inflammatory process, the reduction of phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the activation of macrophage and specific cellular mechanisms, accompanied by auto-intoxication. It is established that the frequency of atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias, as well as the intensity of lipid peroxidation increases in accordance with the increase age of the examined patients. Most atherogenic dyslipoproteinemias are found in patients with viral and chlamydial infections. The summarized data of the correlation analysis allow us to establish that the growth of atherogenic properties of blood plasma of patients with chronic inflammatory processes of the reproductive system occurs in accordance with the increase of adhesive-aggregation properties of platelets and damage of the vascular endothelium. These shifts occur in parallel with the predominance of the monocyte-macrophage linkage of phagocytosis against the background of reduced activity of neutrophils and cellular mechanisms of development of immunopathological reactions.

scholarly journals Skrining Inhibitor NF-κB Combretum indicum dengan Metode Docking

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Samsul Hadi ◽  
Amalia Khairunnisa ◽  
Sefa Nur Khalifah ◽  
Sintya Oktaviani ◽  
Sri Oktaviana Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Docking Method ◽  
Chemical Content

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes important for innate and adaptive immune responses. NF-κB overactivation is associated with inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aims to screen the chemical content of C.indicum against NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitors. There are two methods used in this study, namely through PASSonline and docking. The docking method used was PLANTS. The results of PASSonline compounds that have P.a values above 0.7 weree arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, rutin, methyl urasolate, while the docking scores obtained were asquisqualic acid: -60.0382; arachidonic acid : -100,9410; linoleic acid: -93.8730; routine : -102,9320; methyl urasolate: -47,9166. This negative docking score indicates that the reaction between the compound and the target occurs easily. In conclusion, the compound predicted to have a potential as an inhibitor of NF-κB is Rutin.

scholarly journals Differences of plasma IL-1 and TNF-α in healthy Chinese Population

Open Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintao Yuan ◽  
Lan Wang ◽  
Yijin Lin ◽  
Jianhong Chen ◽  
Jianghong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractPle iotropic proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin- 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), involved in the regulations of various immune responses, inflammatory processes and hematopoiesis. In the present study, the expression levels of IL-1 and TNF-α were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Following the cytokine blockade as a successful clinical therapy for autoimm une diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, the patients are more susceptible to a variety of opportunistic infections. IL-1 and TNF-α may be useful predictive biomarkers of diseases and offer potential targets for therapeutic intervention of inflammatory diseases. However, our results showed that the plasma IL-1 level was significantly higher in women compared to men (69.5 ± 19.8 pg/ ml in men and 80.1 ± 19.5 pg/ml in women, respectively); the plasma levels of TNF-α were higher in men than women (20.8 ± 4.9 pg/ml and 18.7 ± 7.1 pg/ml, respectively). The significant gender difference of plasma interleukin-1 (IL-1) and TNF-α levels present in healthy adults in Jiangsu Province, China (P=0.002 and P=0.015, respectively), and may be as a hint for sex differences of susceptibility to many diseases and elementary immune response.

scholarly journals Clinical Features of Neuropsychiatric Syndromes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Other Connective Tissue Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S37477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Kasama ◽  
Airi Maeoka ◽  
Nao Oguro
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Complete Failure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related disorders are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by abnormalities and, in some cases, even complete failure of immune responses as the underlying pathology. Although almost all connective tissue diseases and related disorders can be complicated by various neuropsychiatric syndromes, SLE is a typical connective tissue disease that can cause neurological and psychiatric syndromes. In this review, neuropsychiatric syndromes complicating connective tissue diseases, especially SLE are outlined, and pathological and other conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of IL-36 in Infectious Diseases: Potential Target for COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Panpan Yi ◽  
Yuejin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

IL-36 is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family, which is currently experiencing a renaissance due to the growing understanding of its context-dependent roles and advances in our understanding of the inflammatory response. The immunological role of IL-36 has revealed its profound and indispensable functional roles in psoriasis, as well as in several inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancer. More recently, an increasing body of evidence suggests that IL-36 plays a crucial role in viral, bacterial and fungal infections. There is a growing interest as to whether IL-36 contributes to host protective immune responses against infection as well as the potential implications of IL-36 for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding cellular expression, regulatory mechanisms and biological roles of IL-36 in infectious diseases, which suggest more specific strategies to maneuver IL-36 as a diagnostic or therapeutic target, especially in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Inflammasome and Mitophagy Connection in Health and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Min Yuk ◽  
Prashanta Silwal ◽  
Eun-Kyeong Jo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis ◽  
Health And Disease

The inflammasome is a large intracellular protein complex that activates inflammatory caspase-1 and induces the maturation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Mitophagy plays an essential role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis during stress. Previous studies have indicated compelling evidence of the crosstalk between inflammasome and mitophagy. Mitophagy regulation of the inflammasome, or vice versa, is crucial for various biological functions, such as controlling inflammation and metabolism, immune and anti-tumor responses, and pyroptotic cell death. Uncontrolled regulation of the inflammasome often results in pathological inflammation and pyroptosis, and causes a variety of human diseases, including metabolic and inflammatory diseases, infection, and cancer. Here, we discuss how improved understanding of the interactions between inflammasome and mitophagy can lead to novel therapies against various disease pathologies, and how the inflammasome-mitophagy connection is currently being targeted pharmacologically by diverse agents and small molecules. A deeper understanding of the inflammasome-mitophagy connection will provide new insights into human health and disease through the balance between mitochondrial clearance and pathology.

EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES USING AN ADAPTOGEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Алик Эдикович Петросян ◽  
Наталия Владимировна Чиркова ◽  
Арпине Бронислави Антонян ◽  
Жанна Владимировна Вечеркина
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Заболевания пародонта представляют собой серьезное воспалительное заболевание, которое с прогрессированием постепенно разрушает опорный аппарат зуба. Чаще всего, в практической стоматологии встречаются такие воспалительные заболевания как гингивит и пародонтит, тяжесть которых обусловлена степенью выраженности воспалительных процессов. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение данных состояний являются актуальной проблемой современной стоматологии. Научные данные подтверждают, что современные лекарственные средства оказывают влияние на все звенья этиологии и патогенеза, но тем не менее переход данных заболеваний в хроническую форму, а также неполноценный терапевтический эффект обуславливает актуальность поиска новых препаратов и комбинаций для профилактики и лечения воспалительных заболеваний пародонта. Анализ научной литературы показал, что в медицине широко используется комплексное лечение различных заболеваний органов и систем с применением адаптогенов, которые обладают не только богатым аминокислотным и витаминным составом, но и оказывают противовоспалительное, иммуномодулирующее, вяжущее и седативное действие. В данной статье представлены результаты гистологического исследования биоматериала слизистой губы крыс-самцов линии Вистар при экспериментальном моделировании воспалительного процесса в нем. Было проведено дифференцированное исследование влияния комплексного лечения с применением геля «Асепта с прополисом», модифицированного пантогематогеном на течение воспалительного процесса в сравнительном аспекте Periodontal diseases are a serious inflammatory disease that gradually destroys the supporting apparatus of the tooth as it progresses. Most often, in practical dentistry, there are such inflammatory diseases as gingivitis and periodontitis, the severity of which is due to the degree of severity of inflammatory processes. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are an urgent problem of modern dentistry. Scientific data confirm that modern medicines have an impact on all parts of the etiology and pathogenesis, but nevertheless, the transition of these diseases to a chronic form, as well as an incomplete therapeutic effect, determines the urgency of the search for new drugs and combinations for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. The analysis of scientific literature has shown that in medicine, complex treatment of various diseases of organs and systems is widely used with the use of adaptogens, which have not only a rich amino acid and vitamin composition, but also have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, astringent and sedative effects. This article presents the results of a histological study of the biomaterial of the lip mucosa of male Wistar rats with experimental modeling of the inflammatory process in it. A differentiated study of the effect of complex treatment with the use of "Asepta with propolis" gel modified with pantohematogen on the course of the inflammatory process in a comparative aspect was conducted

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