scholarly journals Myristic Acid Serum Levels and Their Significance for Diagnosis of Systemic Inflammatory Response, Sepsis, and Bacteraemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Roman Zazula ◽  
Michal Moravec ◽  
František Pehal ◽  
Tomáš Nejtek ◽  
Marek Protuš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples

Myristic acid is identified as a metabolite with the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in the metabolome of patients with bacteraemia. Its significant decrease has been observed in patients with septic shock not responding to treatment. Another study has reported a close correlation of myristic acid levels with the outcome of severe trauma patients. Myristic acid concentrations were investigated in a cohort of septic patients and patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) in 5 consecutive days following diagnosis and compared to healthy controls. The study population groups—Sepsis 34, SIRS 31, and Healthy Control 120 patients were included. Serum samples were analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The myristic acid levels in the Sepsis Group and SIRS Group were found to be significantly higher when compared to healthy controls. The serum concentration of myristic acid in septic patients with bacteraemia was higher than in septic patients without bacteraemia. Most patients with sepsis and SIRS had the highest levels of myristic acid within 24 h after an established diagnosis. Myristic acid should be considered as a new candidate marker of severe inflammation and sepsis. A simplified analysis and sufficient body of validated data are necessary steps towards the introduction of this metabolite into routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Genotypes Coding for Low Serum Levels of Mannose-Binding Lectin Are Underrepresented among Individuals Suffering from Noninfectious Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Smithson ◽  
Rafael Perello ◽  
Jesus Aibar ◽  
Gerard Espinosa ◽  
Dolors Tassies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
Binding Lectin ◽  
Low Serum

ABSTRACT Gene polymorphisms, giving rise to low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) or MBL-associated protease 2 (MASP2), have been associated with an increased risk of infections. The objective of this study was to assess the outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) regarding the existence of functionally relevant MBL2 and MASP2 gene polymorphisms. The study included 243 ICU patients with SIRS admitted to our hospital, as well as 104 healthy control subjects. MBL2 and MASP2 single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using a sequence-based typing technique. No differences were observed regarding the frequencies of low-MBL genotypes (O/O and XA/O) and MASP2 polymorphisms between patients with SIRS and healthy controls. Interestingly, ICU patients with a noninfectious SIRS had a lower frequency for low-MBL genotypes and a higher frequency for high-MBL genotypes (A/A and A/XA) than either ICU patients with an infectious SIRS or healthy controls. The existence of low- or /high-MBL genotypes or a MASP2 polymorphism had no impact on the mortality rates of the included patients. The presence of high-MBL-producing genotypes in patients with a noninfectious insult is a risk factor for SIRS and ICU admission.

scholarly journals Peptide VSAK maintains tissue glucose uptake and attenuates pro-inflammatory responses caused by LPS in an experimental model of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a PET study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Luna-Reyes ◽  
Eréndira G. Pérez-Hernández ◽  
Blanca Delgado-Coello ◽  
Miguel Ángel Ávila-Rodríguez ◽  
Jaime Mas-Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Lps Treatment

AbstractThe present investigation using Positron Emission Tomography shows how peptide VSAK can reduce the detrimental effects produced by lipopolysaccharides in Dutch dwarf rabbits, used to develop the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Animals concomitantly treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and peptide VSAK show important protection in the loss of radiolabeled-glucose uptake observed in diverse organs when animals are exclusively treated with LPS. Treatment with peptide VSAK prevented the onset of changes in serum levels of glucose and insulin associated with the establishment of SIRS and the insulin resistance-like syndrome. Treatment with peptide VSAK also allowed an important attenuation in the circulating levels of pro-inflammatory molecules in LPS-treated animals. As a whole, our data suggest that peptide VSAK might be considered as a candidate in the development of new therapeutic possibilities focused on mitigating the harmful effects produced by lipopolysaccharides during the course of SIRS.

scholarly journals Reduced Ex Vivo Interleukin-8 Production by Neutrophils in Septic and Nonseptic Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3439-3446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Marie ◽  
Jane Muret ◽  
Catherine Fitting ◽  
Marie-Reine Losser ◽  
Didier Payen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Endotoxin Tolerance ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Relative Contribution

AbstractEx vivo cytokine production by circulating lymphocytes and monocytes is reduced in patients with infectious or noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Very few studies have addressed the reactivity of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). To analyze further the relative contribution of systemic inflammatory response syndrome alone or in combination with infection we studied the interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by PMN isolated from patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and patients with sepsis. Cells were activated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or heat-killed streptococci. Compared with healthy controls, the release of IL-8 by PMN in both groups of patients was significantly reduced whether activated by LPS, independently of its concentration and origin, or by heat-killed streptococci. These observations suggest that stressful conditions related to inflammation, independently of infection, rapidly dampened the reactivity of circulating PMN. We investigated whether the observed diminished reactivity of PMN might reflect an endotoxin tolerance phenomenon. Our in vitro experiments with PMN from healthy controls indicated that PMN could not be rendered tolerant stricto sensu. However, our data suggested that LPS-induced mediators such as IL-10 may be responsible for the observed anergy in patients.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Der p 1 and Der p 2 in allergic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Renata Harumi Cruz ◽  
Leandro Hideki Ynoue ◽  
Carolina Sanchez Aranda ◽  
Dirceu Solé ◽  
Antonio Condino Neto
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Der P 1 ◽  
Der P 2

Introduction and objectives: Atopic individuals are characterized by increased IgE production and Th2 response if exposed to certain antigens. It is known that the mother transfers antimite antibodies to the fetus and newborn, IgG thru the placenta, and IgA thru breastfeeding, but it is not clear whether there is a protective mechanism mediated by them concerning the development of future allergies. This study aimed to compare the levels of IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2 between atopic and healthy individuals.Methods: Serum samples of 98 patients and 44 healthy controls were subjected to quantification for specific IgE, IgG, and IgA antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 by ImmunoCap® and ELISA, and subjected to statistical analysis as indicated.Results: Atopic patients had higher serum levels of IgE, IgG, and IgA specific to Der p 1 and Der p 2. The correlation was more robust between IgE and IgG antibodies.Conclusions: Allergic patients produce higher levels of antibodies against Der p 1 and Der p 2 compared with healthy individuals. The mechanisms involved still require detailed studies.

scholarly journals Reduced Ex Vivo Interleukin-8 Production by Neutrophils in Septic and Nonseptic Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3439-3446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Marie ◽  
Jane Muret ◽  
Catherine Fitting ◽  
Marie-Reine Losser ◽  
Didier Payen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Endotoxin Tolerance ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Relative Contribution

Ex vivo cytokine production by circulating lymphocytes and monocytes is reduced in patients with infectious or noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Very few studies have addressed the reactivity of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). To analyze further the relative contribution of systemic inflammatory response syndrome alone or in combination with infection we studied the interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by PMN isolated from patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and patients with sepsis. Cells were activated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or heat-killed streptococci. Compared with healthy controls, the release of IL-8 by PMN in both groups of patients was significantly reduced whether activated by LPS, independently of its concentration and origin, or by heat-killed streptococci. These observations suggest that stressful conditions related to inflammation, independently of infection, rapidly dampened the reactivity of circulating PMN. We investigated whether the observed diminished reactivity of PMN might reflect an endotoxin tolerance phenomenon. Our in vitro experiments with PMN from healthy controls indicated that PMN could not be rendered tolerant stricto sensu. However, our data suggested that LPS-induced mediators such as IL-10 may be responsible for the observed anergy in patients.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory response of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 193-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato Torre ◽  
Roberto Tambini ◽  
Silvana Aristodemo ◽  
Giovanna Gavazzeni ◽  
Antonio Goglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an inflammatory process seen in association with a large number of clinical infective and noninfective conditions.The aim of this study was to investigate the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin–4 (IL–4), interleukin–10 (IL–10), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Serum levels of IL–4, IL–10 and TGF-β were determined in 45 patients with SIRS: 38 patients had SIRS of infectious origin, whereas seven patients had non-infectious SIRS. Twenty healthy subjects were used as controls.Serum levels of IL–4, IL–10 and TGFg were determined by an immunoenzyme assay. A significant increase of IL–4 was observed in these patients at the time of diagnosis and 5 days later. In contrast, serum levels of IL–10 were not increased at the time of diagnosis, but a slight decrease was noted after 5 days. Serum levels of TGF-β were not increased at time of diagnosis, and a slight increase was observed after 5 days. Serum levels of IL–4 were significantly higher in patients with infectious SIRS at the time of diagnosis, whereas no significant difference between infectious and non-infectious SIRS was noted for serum levels of IL–10 and TGF-β at the time of diagnosis and 5 days later.During SIRS, serum levels of IL–4 were significantly increased with a significant correlation between IL–4 and mortality, and only levels of IL–4 were significantly increased in the SIRS caused by infectious stimuli.

scholarly journals Can Admission S-100β Predict the Extent of Brain Damage in Head Trauma Patients?

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schültke ◽  
V. Sadanand ◽  
M.E. Kelly ◽  
R.W. Griebel ◽  
B.H.J. Juurlink
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Secondary Brain Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Serum And Urine

Background:As has been shown previously, S-100β levels in serum can be a useful predictor of brain damage after head trauma. This pilot study was designed to investigate whether urine samples, which are much easier to obtain, could be used for the same purpose instead of serum samples.Methods:Ninety-six consecutive patients admitted with head trauma were recruited in the study. After exclusion of 54 patients, mostly because of significant additional trauma, S-100β levels were analyzed in serum and urine of 42 patients using a luminometric assay. A range for normal values was established based on samples from ten healthy volunteers.Results:S-100β serum levels increased proportional to the severity of the head trauma, as had been previously shown by several other groups. In many patients, initial increases in urine S-100β levels were seen later than in serum, after which the kinetics of S-100β levels in urine seemed to follow that established for serum levels. S-100β values in urine were on average about 54% lower in urine than in serum.Conclusions:S-100β levels in urine obtained on admission to the hospital are not a good indicator for the extent of brain damage. However, urine S-100β levels obtained at later time points might be a useful indicator for the development of secondary brain injury.

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicle-Based Detection of Pancreatic Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesim Verel-Yilmaz ◽  
Juan Pablo Fernández ◽  
Agnes Schäfer ◽  
Sheila Nevermann ◽  
Lena Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Precursor Lesions ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples

Due to a grim prognosis, there is an urgent need to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) prior to metastasis. However, reliable diagnostic imaging methods or biomarkers for PDAC or its precursor lesions are still scarce. ADAM8, a metalloprotease-disintegrin, is highly expressed in PDAC tissue and negatively correlates with patient survival. The aim of our study was to determine the ability of ADAM8-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) and cargo microRNAs (miRNAs) to discriminate precursor lesions or PDAC from healthy controls. In order to investigate enrichment of ADAM8 on EVs, these were isolated from serum of patients with PDAC (n = 52), precursor lesions (n = 7) and healthy individuals (n = 20). Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and electron microscopy indicated successful preparation of EVs that were analyzed for ADAM8 by FACS. Additionally, EV cargo analyses of miRNAs from the same serum samples revealed the presence of miR-720 and miR-451 by qPCR and was validated in 20 additional PDAC samples. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon rank test and ROC curves. FACS analysis detected significant enrichment of ADAM8 in EVs from patients with PDAC or precursor lesions compared to healthy individuals (p = 0.0005). ADAM8-dependent co-variates, miR-451 and miR-720 were also diagnostic, as patients with PDAC had significantly higher serum levels of miR-451 and lower serum levels of miR-720 than healthy controls and reached high sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0.93 and 1.00, respectively) to discriminate PDAC from healthy control. Thus, detection of ADAM8-positive EVs and related cargo miR-720 and miR-451 may constitute a specific biomarker set for screening individuals at risk for PDAC.

scholarly journals Effects of budesonide and probiotics enemas on the systemic inflammatory response of rats with experimental colitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardem Machado de Souza ◽  
José Eduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento ◽  
Diana Borges Dock-Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of enemas containing probiotics and budesonide on the systemic inflammatory response in experimental colitis. METHODS: Fifty male Wistar rats with experimental colitis induced by 10% acetic acid enema were randomized to five groups (10 rats each) according to the treatment: group 1 - saline solution, group 2 - budesonide (0.75 mg/kg/day), group 3 - probiotics (1mg/day), group 4 - probiotics plus budesonide, and group 5 - control, with not-treated rats. The following variables were studied: body weight, serum levels of albumin, C-reactive protein and interleucine-6 (IL-6). RESULTS: All animals lost weight between the beginning and the end of the experiment (280+ 16 mg versus 249+21 mg, p< 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the serum albumin between the normal pre-induction level (3.45 + 0.49mg/dL) and the 1st day after colitis induction (1.61+051mg/dL, p< 0.001) in all treated groups when compared to the control group. C- reactive protein increased after induction and diminished on the 7th day in all groups. In the control group there was an increase in the IL-6 after colitis induction. None of the treated groups significantly differed from IL-6 pre-colitis status (p>0.05). Only probiotic rats presented a significant decrease of IL-6 than controls (0,30±0,08 mg/dL vs. 0,19±0,03 mg/dL; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Probiotic associated with budesonida Probiotics are effective to diminished inflammatory status mediated by IL-6 in experimental colitis.

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