scholarly journals Reconstruction of China’s Farmland Rights System Based on the ‘Trifurcation of Land Rights’ Reform

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Tan ◽  
Wu

With the aim of improving farmland use efficiency without damaging the social function of farmland, Chinese policymakers have proposed the ‘trifurcation of land rights’ reform. When it comes to realization of the law, however, neither the Ownership Model nor the Bundle of Sticks Model can adequately explain this reform. The tree concept of property, which provides a new perspective in delineating property rights based on the function served by specific properties, is thus adopted. We find that this tree concept of property helps to better understand and realize the trifurcated rights on farmland in China. Also, a balance between the social and economic functions of farmland can be reached through reconstruction of the property rights involved, a process which comprises three steps: identification of the nature of the newly-established rights; configuration of the rights and duties of relevant entities; and state intervention in the enforcement of relevant rights with the aim of realizing certain social values. Finally, this paper argues that success of this trifurcated structure requires a systematic design of the Chinese Civil Code. In particular, it requests further improvements in legal rules on farmland lease.

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Sylvie André

In this article, Professor André considers the nature of legal rules, their methods of creation and their interpretation and application. The role of modern narrative theory in answering these perennial questions is explored and two conclusions are reached: first, the classic explanations of legitimacy that underpin reasoning in the social sciences are increasingly losing ground; and, secondly, contemporary literary accounts based on the reasons for this loss of ground provide a strong challenge to narratives of coherence that are closely linked to Western culture. The existing model of knowledge does not correspond to the reality of contemporary society; the rules and principles that even today are still regarded as universal are seen by a large fraction of the human race as relative and cultural. Insights from narrative theory show that the perennial law questions must now be revisited with a new perspective.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Romano Deluque Júnior ◽  
Cristiane Maluf Rodrigues Correia

À luz de uma reflexão jusfilosófica, a pessoa humana ascende enquanto sujeito de maior relevância para a ciência do Direito, nesse mesmo sentido, se faz relevante citar que o Direito possuiria, em todas as suas instâncias, a seguinte preocupação: de caminhar paralelamente a um verdadeiro senso de justiça, que se volte à solidariedade e ao bem comum. O presente artigo possui como objetivo fazer emergir uma reflexão ética acerca da função social dos contratos, por sua vez aqui percebida tal como um instituto norteador das relações jurídicas contratuais relacionando-a  com a questão da dignidade da pessoa humana enquanto basilar princípio constitucional. A discussão proposta decorrer-se-á de modo a defender a premissa de que a manutenção e a defesa dessa dignidade ocorreriam  dentro de uma perspectiva contratualista, a partir da observância e do respeito pelos limites impostos pela própria função social dos contratos, na figura da probidade contratual, da boa-fé objetiva, e da defesa dos interesses difusos e institucionais. Propõe-se, ainda, discutir a respeito de uma ética contratual contemporânea, que a partir dos conceitos aqui em análise, possuiria o intento de superar o ciclo histórico de individualismo exacerbado, e substituí-lo pelo ideal da coexistencialidade. Nessa nova perspectiva ter-se-á em pauta o instituto da boa-fé objetiva, através da qual a relação negocial passaria a ser vislumbrada a partir de uma ética do comum proveito, que caminharia, não obstante, à harmonia jurídico-contratual em prol da coletividade e dos interesses difusos. Palavras-chave: Função Social do Contrato. Contratos. Direito Civil. AbstractOn the  light of a jus-philosophical reflection, the human being ascends as a subject of greater relevance to the science of Law, in the same sense, it is relevant to mention that Law would have, in all its instances, the following concern: to walk in parallel to a true sense of justice, to return, to solidarity and to the common good. The purpose of this article is to make an ethical reflection about the social function of contracts, in turn perceived here as an institute guiding contractual legal relationships  regarding the issue of the dignity of the human person as a basis for constitutional principle. The proposed discussion will be carried out in such a way as to defend the premise that the maintenance and defense of this dignity would take place, from a contractual perspective, from the observance and respect for the limits imposed by the social function of the contracts themselves, figure of contractual probity, objective good faith, and defense of diffuse and institutional interests. It is also proposed to discuss a contemporary contractual ethic that, based on the concepts analyzed here, would attempt to overcome the historical cycle of exacerbated individualism and replace it with the ideal of coexistentiality. In this new perspective, the institute of objective good faith, through which the negotiating relationship would be perceived from an ethic of common advantage, would nevertheless follow the legal-contractual harmony in collective and diffuse interests. Keywords: Social Function of Contract. Contracts. Civil Law.


Tunas Agraria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Arifatun Sholihah ◽  
Haryo Budhiawan ◽  
Sarjita Sarjita

Abstract : The right through the yard of another is a form of social function of land rights that reflected in Article 6 of the UUPA. The social function of land rights itself tends to shift toward individual concepts, leading to the non-fulfillment of the social function of land rights. This can lead to disagreements, such as disputes over road access of yard. This study aims to determine the problems encountered in the settlement of access of yard disputes and the pattern of settlement through Mediation, State Administrative Court and General Courts. The research method used is empirical law research method with case approach done to 3 (three) cases related to access of yard disputes. The results showed that the problems faced in the settlement of access of yard disputes is the lack of detailed regulations on the dedication of the yard, and the unoptimal implementation of the provisions related to the access of yard in the first land registration. In relation to its implementation, dispute settlement through Mediation can be said to solve the problem more thoroughly than the handling of disputes through the judiciary, especially related to the maintenance of land registration data. Keywords : Dispute Resolution, Access of  Yard, Social Function of Land Rights Intisari : Hak melalui pekarangan orang lain merupakan salah satu wujud fungsi sosial hak atas tanah yang jiwanya tercermin dalam Pasal 6 UUPA. Fungsi sosial hak atas tanah sendiri cenderung mengalami pergeseran menuju konsep individual, yang berujung pada tidak terpenuhinya fungsi sosial hak atas tanah. Hal tersebut dapat memicu perselisihan, seperti sengketa mengenai akses jalan bidang tanah pekarangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika yang dihadapi dalam penyelesaian sengketa akses jalan bidang tanah pekarangan serta pola penyelesaiannya melalui Mediasi, Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Peradilan Umum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kasus yang dilakukan terhadap 3 (tiga) kasus terkait sengketa akses jalan bidang tanah pekarangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problematika yang dihadapi dalam penyelesaian sengketa akses jalan bidang tanah pekarangan adalah belum tersedianya peraturan detail mengenai pengabdian pekarangan, serta belum optimalnya pelaksanaan ketentuan terkait akses jalan bidang tanah pekarangan pada pendaftaran tanah pertama kali. Terkait pelaksanaannya, penyelesaian sengketa melalui Mediasi dapat dikatakan menyelesaikan masalah secara lebih tuntas dibandingkan dengan penanganan sengketa melalui lembaga peradilan, terutama terkait dengan pemeliharaan data pendaftaran tanahnya. Kata kunci : Penyelesaian Sengketa, Akses Jalan Bidang Tanah Pekarangan, Fungsi Sosial Hak Atas Tanah


KIRYOKU ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Yuliani Rahmah

 Shabondama is one of Yoshio Toyoshima's short stories that tells the story of a magician named Havons. Havons who is not willing to die of his son trying to restore his son's life with the help of a witch who gave him magic bubbles. With these bubbles Havons traveled while showing his magic.By using literature study approach this article will describe the social values during Havons' journey. Through the characters action and conflict this short story tried to implies a message of kindness to the surrounding community as a social values. As result it can be understood that  the characters in this short story teach social values that  refer to services between people, togetherness in life and  fair actions towards others. With these values Shabondama short story  has a social function as a literary work that teaches something in an entertaining way.


2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triana Rejekiningsih ,

Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the nature of the social function principles of land rights within the theoretical and juridical perspective and its implementation in Indonesia. This research used the sociological or empirical research method to view the effectiveness of law in society. The result of research shows that the nature of social function principles of land rights theoretically is an acknowledgement of individual, social, and public interests in lands. The juridical basis of the social function principles of land rights refered to Article 6 of Law Number 5 of 1960 regarding Basic Regulations for Agrarian welfare. The social function principles are materialized in various law norms that are land reform, land consolidation, land redistribution, abandoned land controlling, and land provision for public interest. The government through the National Land Agency controls land affairs as to protect its citizens’ land rights. The implementation of the social function principles of land rights is also done through the community empowerment program, namely: Pokmasdartibnah (community groups which are aware of land affairs) established by the National Land Agency and participation through Consortium Agrarian Reform, which establishes Damara (Advanced Land Reform) villages. Keywords: Social function principles, theory, implementation Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hakekat asas fungsi sosial atas tanah baik dalam tinjauan teori, yuridis, dan penerapannya di Indonesia. Penelitian hukum ini bersifat sosiologis atau empiris untuk melihat efektivitas hukum di masyarakat. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa asas fungsi sosial hak atas tanah secara teori merupakan pengakuan atas kepentingan perorangan, kepentingan sosial dan kepentingan umum atas tanah. Landasan yuridis asas fungsi sosial hak atas tanah, didasarkan pada Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 1960 tentang Pokok-Pokok Agraria sebagai amanah konstitusi tentang pentingnya perlindungan tanah bagi sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat. Asas fungsi sosial hak atas tanah diwujudkan dalam berbagai norma hukum, tentang landreform, konsolidasi tanah, redistribusi tanah, penertiban tanah-tanah terlantar, dan pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum. Pemerintah melalui BPN, melakukan pengendalian pertanahan untuk memberikan perlindungan hak-hak warga negara atas tanah. Penerapan asas fungsi sosial hak atas tanah juga dilakukan melalui program pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan membentuk Pokmasdartibnah (Kelompok Masyarakat Sadar Tertib Pertanahan) oleh BPN, dan adanya partisipasi Konsorsium Pembaharuan Agraria (KPA) membentuk Desa Maju Reforma Agraria (Damara). Kata Kunci : asas fungsi sosial hak atas tanah, teori, penerapan


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Pertiwi Pertiwi ◽  
Zulfadhli Zulfadhli

The Minangkabau community has long been known for its oral tradition. Through this, advice, manners and social values are integrated from generation to generation. One variety of this tradition is the expression of prohibitions. This study aimed to describe the structure of people’s belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru; the social function of oral tradition in the form of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru. This type of research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. Data in this study were obtained from interviews with the native speakers. The steps of data collection can be categorized as follows: data inventory, preliminary analysis, recording, transliteration, interviews and reporting.  The results of the analysis indicate the structure of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru was divided into two forms, namely two parts and three parts. Moreover, the social function of people's belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines such as a) the belief enhancement function, b) the imaginary projection system, c) the educational function, d) the inhibit function, and e) the entertainment function.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Anis Mashdurohatun ◽  
Hayyan Ul Haq ◽  
Sony Zulhuda

The purpose of this study is to examine and to analyze the construction of social functions of Intellectual Property Rights. Furthermore, it is also intended to know the urgency of social functions of Intellectual Property Rights and to reconstruct the social function of Intellectual Property Rights based on the value of Justice. The method used was doctrinal and non doctrinal approach by using primary and secondary data source. Moreover, the data was analyzed by using analytical descriptive. The result of the research shows that, the construction of social function of IPR has not been in accordance with Pancasila justice value. The urgency of social functions of IPR is as a form of crystallization of communal, inclusive and religious values. While the reconstruction of the social function of IPR was based on the value of Justice, namely by harmonizing the principle of Corporate Social Responsibility with the crystallization of communal, inclusive and religious values in using the IPR products, especially for copyrights and patents.


2005 ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Olsevich ◽  
V. Mazarchuk

The authors consider the organizations in different branches of the social sphere (schools, clinics, theatres) as complex institutional formations where the "cluster" of economic norms and rules is subordinated to the "cluster" of social values. These organizations perform the dual function: formation of human capital and compensation of poverty of poor people. According to the authors' opinion, complex reforming of the health care branch requires creation of new economic norms and rules combining plan, semimarket and market relations. This approach will rise the effectiveness of this sphere and will not undermine its social function.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dana Georgeta Alexandru

The study intends to highlight the functions of property rights in relation to the characteristics of urbanism law. The analyse aims to identify the role of public authorities in the production process of planning public policies, under current regulations in force in Romania. Moreover, while the legislation led to confer a social function of property rights, this conception of property rights comes up against the revival of private property, which is likely to complicate the implementation of public planning policies. The social function of the property law, however, could reach its limits in the coming years. Indeed, the jurisprudence appears to give a boost to the individualistic dimension of ownership complicating the achievement of public planning policies.


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