scholarly journals Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Arc-Welded Inconel 625 Alloy

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3690
Author(s):  
Daniel Kotzem ◽  
Lucas Beermann ◽  
Mustafa Awd ◽  
Frank Walther
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Aerospace Material

The objective of this work was to verify a relatively new fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) process to produce a high-temperature aerospace material. The nickel-based superalloy Inconel 625 (IN625) was manufactured by an arc-based AM technique. Regarding microstructure, typical columnar-oriented dendritic structure along the building direction was present, and epitaxial growth was visible. The mechanical behavior was characterized by a combination of quasi-static tensile and compression tests, whereas IN625 showed high yield and ultimate tensile strength with a maximum fracture strain of almost 68%. Even quasi-static compression tests at room and elevated temperatures (650 °C) showed that compression strength only slightly decreased with increasing temperature, demonstrating the good high-temperature properties of IN625 and opening new possibilities for the implementation of arc-based IN625 in future industrial applications.

Interfacial Friction of Ceramics at High Temperature Ring-Compression Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 967-972
Author(s):  
Hui Gai Wang ◽  
Yan Pei Song ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Kai Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Interfacial Friction ◽  
Average Pressure ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Ring Compression Test ◽  
Ring Compression

Using ring compression tests, the interfacial friction and flow stress of 3Y-TZP/Al2O3 composite at elevated temperatures were investigated. Theoretical calibration curves of the friction factor and the relative average pressure curves for the ring compression tests of 6:3:2 standard rings were drawn based on a velocity field capable of describing the bulge phenomena. The lubricant was the boron nitride (hexagonal). The tests were adopted at temperature range of 1400°C-1600°C. Results indicate that the interfacial friction factor has the value in the range of 0.34-0.49, so that boron nitride lubricant can be used effectively in present temperatures. As two extremely important parameters, the temperature and strain rate have no significant effect on the fraction factor. It is proved reliable that the ring-compression test at 1400°C and even higher is used to evaluate the performance of boron nitride lubricant.

Effect of heat input on mechanical and microstructural properties of Inconel 625 depositions processed in wire arc additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110047
Author(s):  
DT Sarathchandra ◽  
MJ Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Input ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Columnar Structure ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Cold Metal ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Inconel 625 alloy resists corrosion, fatigue and wear at elevated temperatures and hence they are used in aerospace, chemical, petrochemical, marine, and other high-temperature applications. In the present study, single beads of Inconel 625 were deposited using the cold metal transfer (CMT) based wire arc deposition process. Seven heat input conditions were used to study the microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Microstructural characterization was done with optical and scanning electron microscopes while microhardness was measured using the Vickers microhardness testing method. It has been observed that the microstructure of the deposited beads consists of a columnar structure with primary dendrites. Also, intermetallic elements like Niobium (Nb), Molybdenum (Mo), and Laves were formed. It was also observed that the percentage of Nb and Mo increases with heat input. The microhardness increases with an increase in heat input and the maximum hardness was found to be 234.7 HV.

scholarly journals Formation of Solid Lubricants during High Temperature Tribology of Silver-Doped Molybdenum Nitride Coatings Deposited by dcMS and HIPIMS

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Martin Fenker ◽  
Martin Balzer ◽  
Sabine Kellner ◽  
Tomas Polcar ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Molybdenum Oxides ◽  
Molybdenum Nitride ◽  
X Ray

The coating system MoN-Ag is an interesting candidate for industrial applications as a low friction coating at elevated temperatures, due to the formation of lubricous molybdenum oxides and silver molybdates. Film deposition was performed by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron sputtering. To facilitate a future transfer to industry Mo-Ag composite targets have been sputtered in Ar/N2 atmosphere. The chemical composition of the deposited MoN-Ag films has been investigated by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Morphology and crystallographic phases of the films were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. To obtain film hardness in relation to Ag content and bias voltage, the instrumented indentation test was applied. Pin-on-disc tribological tests have been performed at room temperature and at high temperature (HT, 450 °C). Samples from HT tests have been analyzed by Raman measurements to identify possible molybdenum oxide and/or silver molybdate phases. At low Ag contents (≤7 at.%), coatings with a hardness of 18–31 GPa could be deposited. Friction coefficients at HT decreased with increasing Ag content. After these tests, Raman measurements revealed the MoO3 phase on all samples and the Ag2Mo4O13 phase for the highest Ag contents (~23–26 at.%).

Hydrogen–deuterium exchange and rearrangement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dilute acid medium at elevated temperatures

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (22) ◽  
pp. 3218-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Henry Werstiuk ◽  
George Timmins
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Acid Medium ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Hydrogen Deuterium

The high temperature – dilute acid (HTDA) method has been applied to the preparation of perdeuterated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Naphthalene (1), 1-methylnaphthalene (2), 2-methylnaphthalene (3), anthracene (4), phenanthrene (5), chrysene (6), pyrene (7), benz[a]anthracene (8), benzo[a]pyrene (9), 1,1′-binaphthyl (10), 1,2′-binaphthyl (11), and 2,2′-binaphthyl (12) have been perdeuterated in high yield in dilute DCl–D2O solutions at elevated temperatures (240–280 °C). 2, 3, 10, 11, and 12 also rearrange.

Irradiation Induced Crosslinking in “Green” Polylactic-Acid (PLA) Polymers for Enhanced Strength and Elevated Temperature Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Jiang ◽  
A. Bakken ◽  
R. P. Taleyarkhan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Photon Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Abstract This paper presents interdisciplinary (nuclear-mechanical-materials-chemical) engineering technology and results pertaining to use of ionization radiation for tailoring “green”, renewable corn-soy based amorphous and crystalline form polymers for use as low-to-high temperature adhesives. Both amorphous and crystalline form polymer forms of such the Polylactic-Acid (PLA) polymer were studied with and without photon irradiation, alongside with and without cross-linking agent. In order to study and enhance the high-temperature application of PLA as a novel, multi-purpose adhesive, small concentrations of the crosslinking agent triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) were included into molten amorphous and semi-crystalline PLA cast as glue sticks, followed with Co-60 gamma-irradiation. Bond strength variations were studied in tensile mode at room temperature using the resulting adhesive in between two steel dowels (head-to-head bonded) as well as via shear strength testing at elevated temperatures (50–120°C) under a set pre-load of 222 N. It was found that gamma irradiated samples with TAIC exhibited noticeably improved bonding strength, and importantly, such strength can potentially prevail towards 100°C. These are exciting results which offer potential for application for building construction and safety enhancements especially under fires and similar accidents. Samples without TAIC exhibited significant loss of strength past 90°C. The full paper will discuss details of apparatus, modeling and simulation of irradiation dose delivery, testing protocols results, and future enhancements via hybrid neutron-photon-electron irradiation for utility in variety of industrial applications.

Welding Parameters and their Influence on the Abrasion Resistance of Structural Steels at Elevated Temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Rojacz ◽  
Hannes Pahr ◽  
Susanne Baumgartner ◽  
Karl Adam ◽  
Markus Varga
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Hot Hardness

In several industrial applications wear resistance of structural steels is required. Also enhanced temperature can occur when handling hot materials, e.g. in steel industry. Within this study a low alloyed structural steel (carbon steel S355) and a high temperature (HT) 9 % Cr steel ASTM A332 P92 were chosen for investigation. Repair welds with flux cored wires which are often required in applications were investigated, aiming on the role of interpass temperatures, the resulting effect of cooling conditions on the microstructure and their HT abrasion resistance. The influence of different microstructural parameters such as phase content, processing and the resulting temperature-hardness coherence on the wear resistance are evaluated within a high temperature abrasion test and a hot hardness test rig. Results indicate a strong influence of interpass temperature and heat input on the hot hardness and wear behaviour of welded structural steels.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Laser and Plasma Surfacing by Nickel-Based Superalloy of Heat Resistant Steel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Czupryński ◽  
Bernard Wyględacz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Outer Area

In this article, the results of surfacing technology development, and structural, and mechanical properties examinations of 16Mo3 steel pipes with an outside coating of Inconel 625 deposited by automated plasma powder transferred arc (PPTA) and automated high power direct diode laser (HPDDL) surfacing were presented. Based on the results of non-destructive, metallographical macro- and microscopic, chemical composition, and thickness and hardness examinations optimal technology for use in high temperature energy or chemical industry applications was selected. The examinations conducted for each of the aforementioned technologies revealed the proper structure and high quality of coating. Dendritic structure with primary crystals growing in the direction of heat dissipation was revealed. No defects such as cracks, lack of fusion or porosity were found. Iron content in the most outer area of the layer made by PPTA with a heat input of 277–514 J/mm, thickness from 1.2 to 1.7 mm, between 4% and 5.5% was observed. Iron content in the most outer area of the layer made by HPDDL surfacing with output power of 1000–1600 W and scanning speed 3.3–4.7mm/s, from 0.6 to 1.3 mm in thickness, between 5.1% and 7.5% was observed. In coated pipes made by either technology high quality of surfaced layers, conforming to requirements posed on protective layers manufactured for prolonged exploitation in temperatures up to 625 °C, were observed. High temperature resistance examinations are the focus of further, yet unpublished, research. The obtained results point to slight differences in the parameters and properties of nickel-based superalloy layers surfaced on 16Mo3 pipes based on the technologies used. However, the process parameters optimization in the case of PPTA was simpler compared to HPDDL surfacing.

Microstructural characterization of a rapidly solidified Al-Fe-V-Si alloy for elevated temperature applications

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 550-551
Author(s):  
R. E. Franck ◽  
J. A. Hawk ◽  
G. J. Shiflet
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Temperature Applications

Rapid solidification processing (RSP) is one method of producing high strength aluminum alloys for elevated temperature applications. Allied-Signal, Inc. has produced an Al-12.4 Fe-1.2 V-2.3 Si (composition in wt pct) alloy which possesses good microstructural stability up to 425°C. This alloy contains a high volume fraction (37 v/o) of fine nearly spherical, α-Al12(Fe, V)3Si dispersoids. The improved elevated temperature strength and stability of this alloy is due to the slower dispersoid coarsening rate of the silicide particles. Additionally, the high v/o of second phase particles should inhibit recrystallization and grain growth, and thus reduce any loss in strength due to long term, high temperature annealing.The focus of this research is to investigate microstructural changes induced by long term, high temperature static annealing heat-treatments. Annealing treatments for up to 1000 hours were carried out on this alloy at 500°C, 550°C and 600°C. Particle coarsening and/or recrystallization and grain growth would be accelerated in these temperature regimes.

Microstructural characterization of plasma-processed Ti-Al metal matrix composites

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
M. G. Burke ◽  
M. N. Gungor ◽  
M. A. Burke
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Titanium Aluminide ◽  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Intermetallic Matrix ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Intermetallic Matrix Composites

Intermetallic matrix composites are candidates for ultrahigh temperature service when light weight and high temperature strength and stiffness are required. Recent efforts to produce intermetallic matrix composites have focused on the titanium aluminide (TiAl) system with various ceramic reinforcements. In order to optimize the composition and processing of these composites it is necessary to evaluate the range of structures that can be produced in these materials and to identify the characteristics of the optimum structures. Normally, TiAl materials are difficult to process and, thus, examination of a suitable range of structures would not be feasible. However, plasma processing offers a novel method for producing composites from difficult to process component materials. By melting one or more of the component materials in a plasma and controlling deposition onto a cooled substrate, a range of structures can be produced and the method is highly suited to examining experimental composite systems. Moreover, because plasma processing involves rapid melting and very rapid cooling can be induced in the deposited composite, it is expected that processing method can avoid some of the problems, such as interfacial degradation, that are associated with the relatively long time, high temperature exposures that are induced by conventional processing methods.

High-Temperature Instability of A Cr2Nb-Nb(Cr) Microlaminate Composite

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
M. Larsen ◽  
R.G. Rowe ◽  
D.W. Skelly
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bcc Structure

Microlaminate composites consisting of alternating layers of a high temperature intermetallic compound for elevated temperature strength and a ductile refractory metal for toughening may have uses in aircraft engine turbines. Microstructural stability at elevated temperatures is a crucial requirement for these composites. A microlaminate composite consisting of alternating layers of Cr2Nb and Nb(Cr) was produced by vapor phase deposition. The stability of the layers at elevated temperatures was investigated by cross-sectional TEM.The as-deposited composite consists of layers of a Nb(Cr) solid solution with a composition in atomic percent of 91% Nb and 9% Cr. It has a bcc structure with highly elongated grains. Alternating with this Nb(Cr) layer is the Cr2Nb layer. However, this layer has deposited as a fine grain Cr(Nb) solid solution with a metastable bcc structure and a lattice parameter about half way between that of pure Nb and pure Cr. The atomic composition of this layer is 60% Cr and 40% Nb. The interface between the layers in the as-deposited condition appears very flat (figure 1). After a two hour, 1200 °C heat treatment, the metastable Cr(Nb) layer transforms to the Cr2Nb phase with the C15 cubic structure. Grain coarsening occurs in the Nb(Cr) layer and the interface between the layers roughen. The roughening of the interface is a prelude to an instability of the interface at higher heat treatment temperatures with perturbations of the Cr2Nb grains penetrating into the Nb(Cr) layer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document