scholarly journals Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
C. Gómez-Rodríguez ◽  
G. A. Castillo-Rodríguez ◽  
E. A. Rodríguez-Castellanos ◽  
F. J. Vázquez-Rodríguez ◽  
J. F. López-Perales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cold Crushing Strength ◽  
Mechanical Study ◽  
Α Al2o3

The effect of α-Al2O3 nanoparticles (up to 5 wt.%) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties, as well as on the microstructural evolution of a dense magnesia refractory is studied. Sintering temperatures at 1300, 1500, and 1600 °C are used. The physical properties of interest were bulk density and apparent porosity, which were evaluated by the Archimedes method. Thermal properties were examined by differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical behavior was studied by cold crushing strength and microhardness tests. Finally, the microstructure and mineralogical qualitative characteristics were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Increasing the sintering temperature resulted in improved density and reduced apparent porosity. However, as the α-Al2O3 nanoparticle content increased, the density and microhardness decreased. Microstructural observations showed that the presence of α-Al2O3 nanoparticles in the magnesia matrix induced the magnesium-aluminate spinel formation (MgAl2O4), which improved the mechanical resistance most significantly at 1500 °C.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

Thermal and mechanical characterization of a new material based on two gypsums from different localities : High Atlas of Marrakech and Safi Basin, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
imane baba ◽  
Mounsif Ibnoussina ◽  
Omar Witam ◽  
Latifa Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Atlas ◽  
New Material ◽  
Indoor Comfort

<p>Over the last few decades, the construction industry has become interested in materials that are durable, environmentally friendly and easily recyclable. This interest is due to the advantages these materials offer, among others local availability, low carbon footprint, energy efficiency and indoor comfort. The objective of this work is to study the properties of plasters prepared from a mixture of two types of gypsum. We were interested in the evolution of thermal conductivity, mechanical resistance and setting time as a function of the percentage of addition.</p><p>Two types of gypsum were studied, the first one belongs to the Safi basin and the second one comes from the High Atlas of Marrakech.</p><p>The characterization of the gypsums was necessary to determine its physical and geotechnical properties, its mineralogy, its thermal behavior and its microscopic structure. Several analyses were developed such as density measurement by pycnometer, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.</p><p>We have made samples, of standardized dimensions, of mixtures based on both types of plaster. The water/gypsum mass ratio was set at 0.75.</p><p>The results revealed that the properties of gypsum as well as the percentage of addition affect the mechanical and thermal properties and the setting time of the composite material. The addition of the High Atlas gypsum of Marrakech allowed improving the material in terms of thermal insulation. The results of the other tests will be communicated later.</p>

The influence of adding long basalt fiber on the mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on poly(oxymethylene)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Bazan ◽  
Stanisław Kuciel ◽  
Mariola Sądej
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy

The work has evaluated the possibility of the potential reinforcing of poly(oxymethylene) (POM) by basalt fibers (BFs) and influence of BFs addition on thermal properties. Two types of composites were produced by injection molding. There were 20 and 40 wt% long BFs content with an average length of 1 mm. The samples were made without using a compatibilizer. In the experimental part, the basic mechanical properties (tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, strain at break, flexural modulus, flexural strength, and deflection at 3.5% strain) of composites based on POM were determined. Tensile properties were also evaluated at three temperatures −20°C, 20°C, and 80°C. The density and Charpy impact of the produced composites were also examined. The influence of water absorption on mechanical properties was investigated. Thermal properties were conducted by the differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-attenuation total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy analysis. In order to make reference to the effects of reinforcement and determine the structure characteristics, scanning electron microscopy images were taken. The addition of 20 and 40 wt% by weight of fibers increases the strength and the stiffness of such composites by more than 30–70% in the range scale of temperature. Manufactured composites show higher thermal and dimensional stability in relation to neat POM.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Characterization of Natural Intralaminar Hybrid Composites Based on Sisal

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre L. Pereira ◽  
Mariana D. Banea ◽  
Jorge S.S. Neto ◽  
Daniel K.K. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
American Society ◽  
Curaua Fibers

The main objective of this work was to investigate the effect of hybridization on the mechanical and thermal properties of intralaminar natural fiber-reinforced hybrid composites based on sisal. Ramie, sisal and curauá fibers were selected as natural fiber reinforcements for the epoxy matrix based composites, which were produced by the hand lay-up technique. Tensile, flexural and impact tests were carried out according to American society for testing and materials (ASTM) standards to characterize the hybrid composites, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to evaluate the thermal properties. It was found that the mechanical properties are improved by hybridization of sisal based composites. The thermal analysis showed that the hybridization did not significantly affect the thermal stability of the composites. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the fracture surface of the tested specimens. The SEM images showed a brittle fracture of the matrix and fiber breakage near the matrix.

scholarly journals Micro and nanocomposites of polybutadienebased polyurethane liners with mineral fillers and nanoclay: thermal and mechanical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Ross ◽  
Germán Escobar ◽  
Guillermo Sevilla ◽  
Javier Quagliano
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Mineral Fillers

AbstractMicro and nanocomposites of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based polyurethanes (NPU) were obtained using five mineral fillers and Cloisite 20A nanoclay, respectively. Samples were prepared by the reaction of HTPB polyol and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and the chain was further extended with glyceryl monoricinoleate to produce the final elastomeric polyurethanes. Mechanical and thermal properties were studied, showing that mineral fillers (20%w/w) significantly increased tensile strength, in particular nanoclay (at 5% w/w). When nanoclay-polymer dispersion was modified with a silane and hydantoin-bond promoter, elongation at break was significantly increased with respect to NPU with C20A. Thermal properties measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were not significantly affected in any case. The molecular structure of prepared micro and nanocomposites was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Interaction of fillers with polymer chains is discussed, considering the role of silanes in compatibilization of hydrophilic mineral fillers and hydrophobic polymer. The functionalization of nanoclay with HMDS silane was confirmed using FTIR. Microstructure of NPU with C20A nanoclay was confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

HIGH-IMPACT PP NANOCOMPOSITES: INFLUENCE OF CLAY CONTENT ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350039
Author(s):  
L. G. FURLAN ◽  
RICARDO V. B. OLIVEIRA ◽  
ANDRÉIA C. E. MELLO ◽  
SUSANA A. LIBERMAN ◽  
MAURO A. S. OVIEDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Izod Impact

The preparation of high-impact polypropylene nanocomposites with different organo-montmorillonite (O-MMT) contents by means of meltprocessing was investigated. The nanocomposite properties were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flexural modulus, izod impact strength, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was noticed that the PP/O-MMT nanocomposites properties were affected by clay content. Exceptional improvements in impact strength were obtained (maximum of 185%) by the use of low O-MMT content. The results showed that higher enhancement on mechanical/thermal properties was obtained by 3 wt.% of O-MMT instead of higher quantities.

scholarly journals Tough Materials Through Ionic Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Salminen ◽  
Erno Karjalainen ◽  
Vladimir Aseyev ◽  
Heikki Tenhu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Shape Stability ◽  
Chemical Crosslinks ◽  
Unique Approach

This article introduces butyl acrylate-based materials that are toughened with dynamic crosslinkers. These dynamic crosslinkers are salts where both the anion and cation polymerize. The ion pairs between the polymerized anions and cations form dynamic crosslinks that break and reform under deformation. Chemical crosslinker was used to bring shape stability. The extent of dynamic and chemical crosslinking was related to the mechanical and thermal properties of the materials. Furthermore, the dependence of the material properties on different dynamic crosslinkers—tributyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium sulfopropyl acrylate (C4ASA) and trihexyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium sulfopropyl acrylate (C6ASA)—was studied. The materials’ mechanical and thermal properties were characterized by means of tensile tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The dynamic crosslinks strengthened the materials considerably. Chemical crosslinks decreased the elasticity of the materials but did not significantly affect their strength. Comparison of the two ionic crosslinkers revealed that changing the crosslinker from C4ASA to C6ASA results in more elastic, but slightly weaker materials. In conclusion, dynamic crosslinks provide substantial enhancement of mechanical properties of the materials. This is a unique approach that is utilizable for a wide variety of polymer materials.

Mechanical and thermal properties and crystallization behavior of PA66 composites reinforced with MWCNTs-coated milled glass fiber

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832094392
Author(s):  
Xiangmin Xu ◽  
Beibei Tong ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Yudong Zhang ◽  
Binjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Constructing a hierarchical structure of nanomaterials on the surface of reinforcing fibers is the best strategy to obtain other desired functions while improving the mechanical properties of polymers. In this article, acid-treated multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced to the surface of milled glass fiber (MGF) under the combined action of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-aminopropyltriethyloxysilane to prepare a hierarchical fiber (MWCNTs-GF). The surface morphology and microstructure of this hierarchical fiber were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and a composite coating with MWCNTs as the main component was observed on each fiber surface. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of the specific interactions between MWCNTs and MGF. Polyamide 66 (PA66) composites with different content of MWCNTs-GF were fabricated by melt blending. The resulting composites exhibited improved mechanical properties relative to pure PA66, in which the tensile strength and notched impact strength of the composite filled with 3 wt% MWCNTs-GF increased by 23.3% and 69.0%, respectively. Subsequently, by analyzing fracture morphology and interfacial adhesion of the composites, the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of MWCNTs-GF were elaborated in detail. In addition, the results of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed that MWCNTs-GF possessed strong heterogeneous nucleation ability, and its addition could refine the grain size of PA66 and significantly increase the crystallization temperature and thermal stability of the corresponding composites. Compared to PA66 composites reinforced with neat MGF, it was found that the unique surface structure of MWCNTs-GF was likely responsible for improved thermal properties of this hierarchical fiber-reinforced PA66 composites.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Rubber Toughened Carbon Black-Filled Polyester Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Redzuan Aein Afina ◽  
Bonnia Noor Najmi ◽  
Shuhaimen Siti Shakirah ◽  
Siti Norasmah Surip
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Heat Flow Rate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
The Impact

The influences of Carbon Black (CB) as filler for rubber toughened polyester composite on thermal properties were investigated, in consideration for applications such as automotive parts and integrated circuits (IC) encapsulations. The usage of CB as filler is one of the efforts in increasing and varying the use of rubber and unsaturated polyester thermoset in composite materials. Unsaturated polyester was mixed with 3% liquid natural rubber (LNR) as toughening agent and CB, which were varied from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% using mechanical stirrer and moulded by using the open mould technique. Impact testing was conducted for mechanical property and it was found that the addition of CB increased the impact strength by 87%. Thermal properties of the composites were evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TGA curves of the composites were quite similar, but there were slight increment in thermal stability for several CB filled composites compared to the neat polyester matrix. DSC analysis showed that all the composites were fully cured, and CB filled composites had a slower heat flow rate compared to the neat rubber toughened composite.

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