scholarly journals Basalt/Glass Fiber Polypropylene Hybrid Composites: Mechanical Properties at Different Temperatures and under Cyclic Loading and Micromechanical Modelling

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5574
Author(s):  
Anna Kufel ◽  
Slawomir Para ◽  
Stanisław Kuciel
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dissipation Energy ◽  
Basalt Glass

Basalt/glass fiber polypropylene hybrid composites were developed as subjects of investigation, with the aim to characterize their properties. An injection molding machine was used to produce the test samples. The following three different tests, at various specimen temperatures, were conducted: tensile test, three-point flexural test, and Charpy impact test. To determine fatigue behavior, the samples were uniaxially loaded and unloaded. Mechanical hysteresis loops were recorded and the dissipation energy of each loop was calculated. To determine the adhesion and dispersion between the fibers and the matrix, the fractured surfaces of the various specimens, after the tensile test, were investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results show that the production of a composite with both basalt and glass fibers, in a polypropylene matrix with maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene, can be successfully achieved. The addition of the two types of fibers increased the tensile strength by 306% and the tensile modulus by 333% for a composition, with 20% by weight, of fibers. The material properties were estimated with the help of a simulation software, and validated with a FEA. A satisfactory correlation between the simulation and measurement data was achieved. The error lays in a range of 2% between the maximum stress values. At a lower strain (up to 0.02), the stress values are very well matched.

Correlation of fatigue behavior and dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid composites of polypropylene/short glass fibers/hollow glass beads

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572199319
Author(s):  
Gustavo B Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Relaxation Rate ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Short Glass

Ternary hybrid composites of Polypropylene (PP)/Short Glass Fibers (GF)/Hollow Glass Beads (HGB) were prepared using untreated and aminosilane-treated HGB, compatibilized with maleated-PP, and with varying total and relative GF/HGB contents. Static/short-term flexural strength properties data revealed, through lower flexural strength values, that the presence of untreated HGB particles induces to fiber-polymer interfacial decoupling at much higher extent than in the presence of aminosilane-treated HGB particles. This phenomenon is also evident when evaluating the data from displacement-controlled three-point bending fatigue tests. Monitored up to 106 cycles, the analyzed hybrid composites presented distinct performance relative to their fatigue stress relaxation rate: the lower the matrix-reinforcements’ interfacial adhesion, more pronounced the stress relaxation rate as a function of the number of fatigue cycles. Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) results could successfully reveal the hybrid composites behavior at the microstructural level when they were submitted to both static flexural test and fatigue, depending on the degree of interfacial interactions between the polymer matrix of PP and the hybrid reinforcements of GF and HGB (with and without aminosilane surface treatment).

Glass Fiber/Waste Cotton Fabric Reinforced Hybrid Composites: Mechanical Investigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Safa Bodur ◽  
Mustafa Bakkal ◽  
Karl Englund
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Hybridization Effect

In this study, the hybridization effect on the mechanical properties of the natural fiber reinforced composites was investigated. For this purpose, glass fibers in different ratios of 2.5, 5 and 10 wt% were added in the polymer composites with cotton fibers at the ratios of 12.5 and 25 wt%. In order to have better interfacial bonding and increase the effectiveness of glass fiber on the mechanical properties, maleic anhydride coupling agent was added in the hybrid composite structures. At the end of the study, the best ratios of maleic anhydride, cotton and glass fiber for this kind composites were explored with respect to the economical and mechanical concerns. This study suggests that hybridization can be considered as most promising way to improve the mechanical properties for this novel composite materials.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Abaca–Glass Fiber Composites Fabricated by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Method

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2719
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Paglicawan ◽  
Carlo S. Emolaga ◽  
Johanna Marie B. Sudayon ◽  
Kenneth B. Tria
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Transfer Method

The application of natural fiber-reinforced composites is gaining interest in the automotive, aerospace, construction, and marine fields due to its advantages of being environmentally friendly and lightweight, having a low cost, and having a lower energy consumption during production. The incorporation of natural fibers with glass fiber hybrid composites may lead to some engineering and industrial applications. In this study, abaca/glass fiber composites were prepared using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer method (VARTM). The effect of different lamination stacking sequences of abaca–glass fibers on the tensile, flexural, and impact properties was evaluated. The morphological failure behavior of the fractured-tensile property was evaluated by 3D X-ray Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of mechanical properties were mainly dependent on the volume fraction of abaca fibers, glass fibers, and the arrangement of stacking sequences in the laminates. The higher volume fraction of abaca fiber resulted in a decrease in mechanical properties causing fiber fracture, resin cracking, and fiber pullout due to poor bonding between the fibers and the matrix. The addition of glass woven roving in the composites increased the mechanical properties despite the occurrence of severe delamination between the abaca–strand mat glass fiber.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimization of Mechanical Properties on Sisal-Glass Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites Using Response Surface Methodology and LINGO Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. Ragunath ◽  
A. N. Shankar ◽  
K. Meena ◽  
B. Guruprasad ◽  
S. Madhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

The aim of this research work was to develop the optimal mechanical properties, namely, tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength of sisal and glass fiber-reinforced polymer hybrid composites. The sisal, in the form of short fiber, is randomly used as reinforcements for composite materials, which is rich in cellulose, economical, and easily available as well as glass fibers have low cost and have good mechanical properties. In addition, epoxy resin and hardener were for the fabrication of composites by compression molding. The selected materials are fabricated by compression molding in various concentrations on volume basics. The combination of material compositions is obtained from the design of experiments and optimum parameters determined by the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). From the investigation of mechanical properties, the sisal is the most significant factor and verified by ANOVA techniques. The multiobjective optimal levels of factors are obtained by LINGO analysis.

scholarly journals Characterization of jute and glass fiber reinforced polyester based hybrid composite In this research

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
MR Hassan ◽  
MA Gafur ◽  
AA Rana ◽  
MR Qadir ◽  
SM Masum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Synthetic Fiber

In this research work an attempt is made to fabricate a hybrid composite material with hessian cloth (natural fiber) and glass fiber (synthet ic fiber) in polyester matrix using hand lay-up process and testing was performed by ASTM standards. Main objective of this research work is to investigate the effects of use of natural fiber in the composite material with the synthetic fiber. Experimental results revealed that hybridization of composite with natural and synthetic fibers shows promising tensile strength, flexural strength and hardness. Among the hybrid composites one with the composition of three layers of glass fibers and two layers of hessian cloth (jute fiber) showed highest ten sile strength and flexural strength which were found 104.63 MPa and 134.65 MPa respectively. Water absorption was high in composites having higher hessian cloth content than glass fiber. Composite with high glass fiber content showed high hardness which was 39.9 HV.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(2), 81-88, 2016

Comparative Studies on Mechanical Performance of Epoxy and Polyester Hybrid Composites with Jute and Glass Layers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Thakur ◽  
Ajay Kumar Kaviti ◽  
J. Ronald Aseer
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Press Method

The natural fibers are the alternative to glass and other human-made fibers, because of their low cost and readily available from natural resources and acts as a reinforcing material for the polymer composites. Jute is the most widely used natural fibers among the various fibers due to its superior characteristics. Composite materials are made with different materials that are physically and chemically different alienated by interfaces. In this work, epoxy and polyester hybrid composites reinforced with jute and glass fiber were fabricated by hydraulic press method and their tensile and impact properties were compared. The mechanical properties of jute/glass hybrid composites with different layers such as tensile strength, percentage of elongation and impact strength were evaluated using ASTM specifications. Tensile and Charpy impact test results indicated that jute/glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites have shown optimum properties than polyester composites.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Longitudinal Basalt/Woven-Glass-Fiber-reinforced Unsaturated Polyester-Resin Hybrid Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2211
Author(s):  
S.M. Sapuan ◽  
H.S. Aulia ◽  
R.A. Ilyas ◽  
A. Atiqah ◽  
T.T. Dele-Afolabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber

This work represents a study to investigate the mechanical properties of longitudinal basalt/woven-glass-fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester-resin hybrid composites. The hybridization of basalt and glass fiber enhanced the mechanical properties of hybrid composites. The unsaturated polyester resin (UP), basalt (B) and glass fibers (GF) were fabricated using the hand lay-up method in six formulations (UP, GF, B7.5/G22.5, B15/G15, B22.5/G7.5 and B) to produce the composites, respectively. This study showed that the addition of basalt to glass-fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin increased its density, tensile and flexural properties. The tensile strength of the B22.5/G7.5 hybrid composites increased by 213.92 MPa compared to neat UP, which was 8.14 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was used to observe the fracture mode and fiber pullout of the hybrid composites.

Mechanical and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene/alumina/glass fiber hybrid composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1566-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Augusto B Lins ◽  
Marisa Cristina G Rocha ◽  
José Roberto M d’Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Alumina Composites

In this investigation, composite materials made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and alumina, as well as from HDPE, alumina, and glass fibers, were prepared, aiming to improve the thermal stability, stiffness, and mechanical strength. The combined effects of alumina and glass fibers and the individual effects of alumina were studied. Alumina concentrations ranged from 5 wt% to 10 wt% and glass fiber concentrations ranged from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. For the hybrid composite materials, alumina concentration was maintained constant as the glass fiber concentration increased. The composites were processed with a double-screw extruder. Their properties were evaluated through a multi-analytical approach. Results pointed to a significant increase of the elastic modulus for the hybrid composite (up to 501% in comparison to the neat polymer), at the cost of a large decrease in toughness, alongside a decline in impact resistance. Elastic modulus improvement was observed in both hybrid and HDPE-alumina composites, being higher for the hybrid composites due to the addition of glass fibers. HDPE-alumina composites presented a decrease in mechanical strength, whereas the hybrid composites showed an increase of this parameter. Concerning thermal properties, the hybrid composites presented higher thermal stability than that of the HDPE-alumina composites and a similar degradation temperature as the neat polymer. Micrographs pointed to weak adhesion between alumina particles and the polymeric matrix as well as a slight degree of fiber detachment. Overall, the hybrid composites presented considerably higher stiffness and mechanical strength than the neat polymer and HDPE-alumina composite (19–26% increase), with no significant change in thermal stability.

Experimental study on the glass fiber/waste cotton fabric-reinforced hybrid composites: Mechanical and rheological investigations

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (23) ◽  
pp. 3257-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet S Bodur ◽  
Mustafa Bakkal ◽  
Karl Englund
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Composite Samples

In this work, the effect of hybridization on the mechanical and rheological properties of the glass fiber/waste cotton fabric-reinforced hybrid composites was investigated. For this purpose, glass fibers in different ratios of 2.5, 5, and 10 wt.% were added to the polymer composites with cotton fibers at the ratios of 12.5 and 25 wt.%. In order to have better interfacial bonding and to increase the effectiveness of glass fiber on the mechanical properties, maleic anhydride coupling agent was added to the hybrid composite samples. At the end of the study, the best ratios of maleic anhydride, cotton, and glass fiber for this kind composites were explored with respect to the economical and mechanical concerns. This study suggests that hybridization can be considered as most promising way to improve the mechanical properties for this novel composite material.

scholarly journals Water Absorption Behaviour of Epoxy/Acrylated Epoxidized Palm Oil (AEPO) Reinforced Hybrid Kenaf/Glass Fiber Montmorillonite (HMT) Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 2080 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
Rohani Mustapha ◽  
Siti Noor Hidayah Mustapha ◽  
M. J Suriani ◽  
C. M. Ruzaidi ◽  
M Awang
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Glass Composites ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Kenaf Fibers

Abstract The use of fiber-reinforced vegetable oil - polymer composites has increased in various technical fields. However, the long-term operating performance of these materials is still not well understood, limiting the development of these composites. In this study, the water absorption performance of hybrid composites, which consist of kenaf fiber and glass fiber as reinforcement, epoxy resin and acrylated epoxidized palm oil (AEPO) as a matrix, and montmorillonite (MMT) nano clays as a filler was evaluated with the function of different fibers layering order. The hand lay-up method is used to produce the composites with the variable number of kenaf fibers and glass fibers layer sequences. The water absorption kinetics of epoxy/AEPO reinforced hybrid kenaf/glass fiber-filled MMT composites are described in this paper. It has been observed that the water absorption rate of the composites depends on the fiber layering sequences. The alternative sequence of Glass-Kenaf-Kenaf-Glass and Kenaf-Glass-Kenaf-Glass composites layers exhibited the lowest moisture absorption rates of 7.61% and 7.63%, respectively.

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