scholarly journals Chronic Effect of a Cafeteria Diet and Intensity of Resistance Training on the Circulating Lysophospholipidome in Young Rats

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Susana Suárez-García ◽  
Antoni Caimari ◽  
Josep M. del Bas ◽  
Jaume Lalanza ◽  
Rosa M. Escorihuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Practice ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Resistance Exercises

The daily practice of physical exercise and a balanced diet are recommended to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS). As MetS is a multifactorial disorder associated with the development of serious diseases, the advancement of comprehensive biomarkers could aid in an accurate diagnosis. In this regard, it is known that gut microbiota is altered in MetS, and especially, lipid metabolites species are highly modified, thus emerging as potential biomarkers. In preliminary studies, we observed that alterations in serum lysoglycerophospholipids (Lyso-PLs) were shared between animals with diet-induced MetS and those performing resistance exercises assiduously. Therefore, our objective was the targeted determination of the lysophospholipidome in young rats fed a standard (ST) or a cafeteria diet (CAF) and submitted to different training intensities to evaluate its potential as a biomarker of a detrimental lifestyle. Targeted metabolomics focused on lysophosphatidylcholines (Lyso-PCs) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (Lyso-PEs) and multivariate statistics were used to achieve an integral understanding. Chronic intake of CAF altered the serological levels of both lipid subclasses. Twenty-two Lyso-PLs were significantly altered by CAF, from which we selected Lyso-PCs (14:0), (17:1) and (20:2) and Lyso-PEs (18:2) and (18:3) as they were enough to achieve an optimal prediction. The main effect of physical training was decreased Lyso-PEs levels with disparities among training intensities for each diet. We concluded that an examination of the lysophospholipidome reveals the general state of the metabolome in young female rats, especially due to intake of an MetS-inducing diet, thus highlighting the importance of this family of compounds in lipid disorders.

Age-related differences in basal and calcium-stimulated plasma calcitonin levels in female rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (5) ◽  
pp. E557-E560
Author(s):  
C. L. Tsai ◽  
H. F. Pu ◽  
C. P. Lau ◽  
P. S. Wang ◽  
T. K. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Effects Of Aging

The effects of aging on calcitonin (CT) secretion in female rats were investigated. Old (24 mo) at constant diestrus status and young (2 mo) at diestrus status rats were either ovariectomized (Ovx) or left intact as controls. Ovx rats were injected subcutaneously with estradiol benzoate (25 micrograms/kg body wt) or sesame oil one time per day for 3 days. All rats were infused with CaCl2 (10 mg/ml) at a rate of 2 ml/h for 30 min via a jugular catheter connected to a peristaltic pump. Blood samples (0.5 ml each) were collected at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min. The basal and post-CaCl2 levels of plasma Ca measured with radioimmunoassay were significantly higher (P less than 0.05-0.01) in old than in young female rats. The pre- and post-CaCl2 levels of plasma Ca and CT in young rats were not altered by Ovx or estradiol replacement. In old rats, Ovx caused a higher (P less than 0.01) level in plasma CT at 0 and 30 min after CaCl2 infusion. Both basal and stimulated levels of plasma CT were higher (P less than 0.01) in old Ovx than in young Ovx rats. These results demonstrated that 1) the increase of plasma CT in response to Ca challenge was greater in old than in young female rats, 2) the influence of estradiol and ovarian function on plasma CT concentration increases as a function of age, and 3) estradiol reduced the plasma CT in response to hypercalcemia in old Ovx rats. The sensitivity of the target tissue of young rats may be lower in response to the modulation of estrogen during hypercalcemia without compromising the secretion and hypocalcemic effect of CT in young rats. All suggested an age-related relationship between estrogen and CT secretion in minute-to-minute regulation during Ca infusion in rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Soy Protein Intake on Low Bone Mass Caused by Energy Restriction in Young Female Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 540-540
Author(s):  
Kazuki Kioka ◽  
Yuki Aikawa ◽  
Yusuke Wakasugi ◽  
Takahiro Narukawa ◽  
Tomoya Fukuyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Objectives Eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, in young adulthood have been shown to lower bone mineral density (BMD), possibly due to the dysfunction of growth and gonadal hormones caused by reduced energy intake, which leads to bone loss. Isoflavones in soy protein have estrogen-like effects and are used as an alternative treatment for a wide range of hormonal disorders such as osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soy protein intake on bone fragility caused by energy restriction in young female rats. Methods Six-week-old Sprague–Dawley female rats were acclimated for 1 week and then divided into four groups: (1) ad libitum intake and casein diet group (Cas: n = 8), (2) ad libitum intake and soy diet group (Soy: n = 8), (3) energy-restricted and casein diet group (ER-Cas: n = 8), and (4) energy-restricted and soy diet group (ER-Soy: n = 8). The animals were maintained under these feeding conditions for 10.5 weeks. In the energy-restricted groups, the calorific intake was reduced by 40%. After rearing, viscera, blood, muscle, and bone samples were collected. Bone samples were evaluated for BMD by the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry method. Two-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests were used to evaluate the differences among the four groups. Results The bodyweight and uterine weight results revealed a significant main effect of energy restriction on bone mineral content (BMC), bone area, and BMD. BMC and BMD results revealed a significant interaction of soy protein and energy restriction. BMD was highest in the Soy group, followed by the Cas group, ER-Cas group, and ER-Soy group. There was no difference in estradiol among the four groups. Energy restriction had a significant main effect on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which was significantly reduced in the ER-Soy group compared with the two ad libitum groups. Conclusions Soy protein showed a tendency of having a positive effect on BMD and IGF-I under ad libitum conditions, whereas under energy restriction, it had a negative effect and did not suppress the effect of energy restriction. Funding Sources This work was supported by the Research Grant of Fuji Foundation for Protein Research and the Cooperative Research Grant of Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance, University of Tsukuba.

EFFECTS OF CASTRATION AND GONADAL STEROIDS ON SERUM LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND PROLACTIN IN OLD AND YOUNG RATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. SHAAR ◽  
J. S. EUKER ◽  
G. D. RIEGLE ◽  
J. MEITES
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Old Rats

SUMMARY Changes in serum LH and prolactin concentrations in response to bilateral gonadectomy and gonadal steroid replacement were measured in mature young (4–6 months) and old (23–30 months) female and male Long–Evans rats. On day 13 after gonadectomy, female rats were injected with oestradiol benzoate (OB) and male rats with testosterone propionate (TP) for a period of 12 days. They were then permitted a recovery period of 6 weeks. Serum prolactin and LH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in single blood samples taken at various intervals before and after gonadectomy and during and after steroid treatment. Serum LH levels were about the same in intact young and old female rats, but after ovariectomy LH rose several fold higher in young than in old female rats. In male rats, serum LH values were about four times greater in intact young than in intact old rats, and after orchidectomy the increase in serum LH was greater in young than in old rats. Oestradiol benzoate and TP injections into female and male young and old rats produced variable effects on LH release. Serum prolactin concentrations were approximately six times higher in old intact than in young intact female rats, and after ovariectomy showed a much greater percentage reduction in old than in young female rats. Administration of OB produced a greater absolute increase in serum prolactin in old than in young female rats. Serum prolactin values were about the same in old and young male rats, and the effects of castration and TP administration on serum prolactin were not markedly different in the two age groups. These results indicate that old female and male rats are less capable of releasing LH than young rats of both sexes, but old females release more prolactin than young females.

MODULATION OF TRIGLYCERIDES IN FEMALE RATTUS RATTUS WITH STEROID CONTRACEPTIVE ALGESTONE ACETOPHENIDE (DHPA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHOK KUMAR ◽  
ALPANA PARMAR ◽  
ANAND KUMAR BAJPEYEE
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Steroid Contraceptive

Young female Black rat (Rattus rattus), were administered monthly long acting steroid contraceptive to induce hypertriglyceridemia. It was observed that by 3 weeks of the second injection of estrogen containing mixed type of contraceptive, female rats developed consistent and frank hyperglyceridemia . TG in the treated rats was 195.8 ± 7.44 mg /100 ml as compared to 91.5 ± 6.27 mg/100ml in plasma of the control group.

ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL LH CONTENT IN NORMAL, ANDROGEN-STERILIZED AND PROGESTERONE-PRIMED STERILE FEMALE RATS

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Gorski ◽  
Charles A. Barraclough
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Hypothalamic Stimulation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Gland Content ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT We have previously suggested that the failure of the androgen-sterilized, persistent-oestrous rat to ovulate, following electrical stimulation of the median eminence structures of the hypothalamus, is due to an insufficiency in adenohypophyseal LH concentration. Using the ovarian ascorbic acid technique for quantitative determination of pituitary LH content, the present studies have demonstrated that the sterile rat pituitary gland contains one-third the LH content of the normal prooestrous gland. Furthermore, not only does progesterone priming of this persistent-oestrous rat result in a 75 % increase in LH concentration, but on hypothalamic stimulation sufficient LH is released to induce ovulation. The decrease in LH concentration which accompanies ovulation in the progesterone-primed, sterile rat is approximately 45 % of the total gland content as compared with a 51 % decrease in pituitary content in the normal cyclic rat.

Tire Treadwear — A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Factors: Generic Type, Aspect Ratio, Tread Pattern, and Tread Composition Part I: Introduction and Details on the Organization of the Program

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Veith
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Systematic Determination ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This four-part series of papers addresses the problem of systematic determination of the influence of several tire factors on tire treadwear. Both the main effect of each factor and some of their interactive effects are included. The program was also structured to evaluate the influence of some external-to-tire conditions on the relationship of tire factors to treadwear. Part I describes the experimental design used to evaluate the effects on treadwear of generic tire type, aspect ratio, tread pattern (groove or void level), type of pattern (straight rib or block), and tread compound. Construction procedures and precautions used to obtain a valid and functional test method are included. Two guiding principles to be used in the data analyses of Parts II and III are discussed. These are the fractional groove and void concept, to characterize tread pattern geometry, and a demonstration of the equivalence of wear rate for identical compounds on whole tread or multi-section tread tires.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Moderate Ca Supplementation against Cd-Induced Bone Damage under Different Population-Relevant Doses in Young Female Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang ◽  
Liu ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Fu ◽  
Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Bone Biomechanics ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Bone Damage

Estimation of the skeleton-protective effects of Ca in Cd-induced bone damage is helpful in the assessment of Cd health risk. The aim of this study was to identify whether Ca supplementation during exposure to different population-relevant doses of Cd can prevent Cd-induced bone damage under the tolerable upper intake level of Ca supplementation. Young female Sprague-Dawley rats were given different population-relevant doses of Cd (1, 5, and 50 mg Cd/kg diet) and Ca supplementation (0.4% Ca supplementation) intervention. Ca supplementation significantly decreased Cd-induced bone microstructure damage, increased bone biomechanics (p < 0.05), serum bone formation marker level (p < 0.05) and expression of osteogenic gene markers exposure to the 5 and 50 mg Cd/kg diets. However, it had no impact on these indicators under the 1 mg Cd/kg diets, with the exception of expression of osteogenic marker genes. Ca supplementation significantly decreased serum Klotho level (p < 0.05), and fibroblast growth factor 23/Klotho-associated gene expression in the kidney and bone showed significant changes. In conclusion, Ca supplementation has a positive effect on bone formation and bone quality against the damaging impact of Cd, especially with exposure to the 5 mg and 50 mg Cd/kg diet, which may be related to its impact on the fibroblast growth factor 23/Klotho axis.

Selected Contribution: Chronic intermittent hypoxia enhances respiratory long-term facilitation in geriatric female rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 2614-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Zabka ◽  
G. S. Mitchell ◽  
E. B. Olson ◽  
M. Behan
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypoxic Response ◽  
Long Term Facilitation

Age and the estrus cycle affect time-dependent respiratory responses to episodic hypoxia in female rats. Respiratory long-term facilitation (LTF) is enhanced in middle-aged vs. young female rats ( 72 ). We tested the hypothesis that phrenic and hypoglossal (XII) LTF are diminished in acyclic geriatric rats when fluctuating sex hormone levels no longer establish conditions that enhance LTF. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) enhances LTF ( 41 ); thus we further predicted that CIH would restore LTF in geriatric female rats. LTF was measured in young (3-4 mo) and geriatric (20-22 mo) female Sasco Sprague-Dawley rats and in a group of geriatric rats exposed to 1 wk of nocturnal CIH (11 vs. 21% O2 at 5-min intervals, 12 h/night). In anesthetized, paralyzed, vagotomized, and ventilated rats, time-dependent hypoxic phrenic and XII responses were assessed. The short-term hypoxic response was measured during the first of three 5-min episodes of isocapnic hypoxia (arterial Po2 35-45 Torr). LTF was assessed 15, 30, and 60 min postepisodic hypoxia. Phrenic and XII short-term hypoxic response was not different among groups, regardless of CIH treatment ( P > 0.05). LTF in geriatric female rats was smaller than previously reported for middle-aged rats but comparable to that in young female rats. CIH augmented phrenic and XII LTF to levels similar to those of middle-aged female rats without CIH ( P < 0.05). The magnitude of phrenic and XII LTF in all groups was inversely related to the ratio of progesterone to estradiol serum levels ( P < 0.05). Thus CIH and sex hormones influence the magnitude of LTF in geriatric female rats.

ENZYMATISCH-FLUOROMETRISCHE BESTIMMUNG DER CORTISOLBINDUNGSKAPAZITÄT DES PLASMA

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Leybold ◽  
J. Rieper ◽  
L. Weissbecker
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

ABSTRACT A simple method for the determination of cortisol-binding capacity is described. For saturation of the cortisol-binding proteins, plasma samples are incubated with an excess of cortisol. In the next step NADPH and liver microsomes of female rats are added. The microsomal Δ4-3-ketosteroid hydrogenase only reduces non protein-bound cortisol to tetrahydrocortisol-5α. Then the steroids are extracted by dichloromethane, and after some purification steps analyzed by fluorometry. Tetrahydrocortisol gives practically no fluorescence. The cortisol determined by this method corresponds to protein-bound cortisol and indicates the extent of cortisolbinding capacity. Precision and accuracy of the method were found to be good. The values of cortisol-binding capacity obtained by our method are compared with the results of other authors. The mean value of adult men was 25.5 ± 3.4 μg/100 ml, that of pregnant women, mens IX-X, 42.3 ± 4.2 μg/100 ml.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document