scholarly journals Some Biogeochemical Characteristics of the Trace Element Bioaccumulation in the Benthic Fauna of the Piip Volcano (The Southwestern Bering Sea)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Liudmila L. Demina ◽  
Sergey V. Galkin ◽  
Elena M. Krylova ◽  
Dmitry F. Budko ◽  
Aleksandra S. Solomatina
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Temperature

The Piip Volcano is a submarine volcanic edifice occupying the central part of the Volcanologists Massif in the southwestern Bering Sea, with two tops, southern and northern. The minimum depth of the northern top is located at 368 m, and of the southern at 464 m. Active hydrothermal venting occurring at both summits of the volcano supports diverse biological communities, including animals specific for chemosynthetic habitats. In benthic organisms inhabiting the northern and southern tops of the Piip Volcano, for the first time, we examined distribution patterns of the following trace elements: titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, cadmium, antimony, barium, tungsten, lead, bismuth, and uranium. The element contents were quantified by the ICP-MS. Total carbon (TC) and total inorganic carbon (TIC) were determined using a Shimadzu TOC-L-CPN and mineral composition of sediment was determined using the XRD. In the water of the biotope from the northern top, concentrations of Mn, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sb, W, Pb were 2–6 times, and Ba was 50 times higher than those from the southern top. This was attributed to the lower temperature of fluids emanating at the southern top. An abundant population of Calyptogena pacifica (Bivalvia: Vesicomyidae: Pliocardiinae) was found only at the southern top. The main target of most trace elements, such as Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, W, Pb, Bi, and U were the soft parts of Calyptogena pacifica (with high TOC content, on average 53.1% in gills and 49.6% in the rest of the body). Gills were characterized by particular high contents (>100 µg g-1 dry w.) of Zn, Cd, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Pb, which can form sulphides or be associated with them. Shells of C. pacifica, as well as Brachiopoda, were depleted in these elements, as well as tissues of the carnivores Paguridae (Crustacea) and Actiniaria (Anthozoa). In suspension feeders from both tops, the lower contents of most elements were detected. Estimation of Biological Concentration Factor (BCF) for most elements varied from 102 to 104, reaching n105 for Ni, Zn, Ag, Ca, and Pb. A significant difference in BCF values between Fe and Mn was revealed.

Effects of lead and/or cadmium on the distribution patterns of some essential trace elements in immature female rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1914-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Xuelei Zhou ◽  
Dubao Yang ◽  
Zhenyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Essential Trace Elements

Lead acetate (300 mg/L) and/or cadmium chloride (50 mg/L) were administered as drinking water to Sprague-Dawley rats for 9 weeks to investigate the effects of concurrent exposure to lead and cadmium on the distribution patterns of five essential trace elements. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of zinc, copper, manganese, selenium and iron in the urine at different exposure times, as well as their levels in the renal cortex and serum at the end of treatment. Compared with the control group, exposure to lead and/or cadmium resulted in a significant increase in the urinary excretion of these five elements during the experiment, whereas significant decreased levels of these elements were found in kidney and serum. In conclusion, increased urinary loss of antioxidant trace elements due to lead and/or cadmium exposure induced the deficiency of antioxidants in the body, which could result in further oxidative damage. Moreover, there was an obvious synergistic effect of lead combined with cadmium on the distribution patterns of these essential trace elements, which may be related to the severity of co-exposure to these two metals.

scholarly journals Comparison of Zn, Cu, and Fe Content in Hair and Serum in Alopecia Areata Patients with Normal Group

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladan Dastgheib ◽  
Zohreh Mostafavi-pour ◽  
Ahmad Adnan Abdorazagh ◽  
Zahra Khoshdel ◽  
Maryam Sadat Sadati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Flame Emission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition, in which hair is lost from some areas of the body. Though its etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, there are claims that imbalance of trace elements may trigger the onset of AA, by distorting immune functions. In this study, we tried to investigate the relationship between AA and iron, zinc, and copper levels of serum and hair.Materials and Methods. Sixteen female patients with AA (14–40 years old) and 27 healthy female controls were enrolled in this study. Serum and hair level of iron, zinc, and copper were measured by flame emission spectroscopy. The resulting data was analyzed with SPSS15.Results. We did not detect a significant difference in the serum and hair level of iron, zinc, and copper between patients and controls. There was a significant correlation between serum and hair level of iron (r=0.504,  P=0.001), zinc (r=0.684,  P=0.0001), and copper (r=0.759,P=0.0001) in patients and controls.Discussion and Conclusion. According to this study, there was no statistically significant difference between trace elements among AA patients and controls. So the trace elements level in hair and serum may not be relevant to the immunologic dysfunction that exists in AA patients.

Trace Element Distributions in Aquatic Insects: Variations among Genera, Elements, and Lakes

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1481-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landis Hare ◽  
André Tessier ◽  
Peter G. C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Freshwater Insects ◽  
Cu And Zn

The distribution patterns of trace element contaminants (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) among the tissues of freshwater insects (Chironomus, Clinotanypus, Procladius, Hexagenia, Sialis) are both taxon and element specific. In quantity terms (micrograms per animal), the gut is the major organ of Cd accumulation, while most of the As, Cu, Pb, and Zn accumulates in the body (i.e. animal minus gut and other organs). In concentration terms (micrograms per gram), Cd, Cu, and Zn are often highest in the gut, while Pb and As are not. Much of the As, and in some genera the Pb, appears to be bound externally. Respiratory and excretory structures generally contain small proportions of the total trace element burdens, except for Cu. Trace elements are not uniformly distributed along the gut but tend to accumulate either in the mesenteron (midgut) or in the proctodeum (hindgut), depending on the element and insect concerned. The distribution patterns of most of the trace elements vary little among populations of the mayfly Hexagenia from different lakes with the exception of Cd, for which the proportion of the total Cd burden localized in the gut increases markedly with increasing Cd concentrations in the whole nymph.

scholarly journals The evaluation of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se concentrations in the hair of South American camelids

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Milada Holasová ◽  
Alena Pechová ◽  
Taťána Husáková
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
The Body ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Camelids ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to monitor the content of trace elements in the hair of South American camelids and to evaluate the effect of coat colour, species, age, and sex on their concentration in the hair. The samples were collected from 77 animals – 23 llamas (Llama guanicoe f. gllama) and 54 alpacas (Llama guanicoe f. pacos) during a spring health check. The concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and selenium (Se) by Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. We found the following concentrations (mean ± standard deviation; mg/kg dry matter) in the llama hair: Cu 9.70 ± 4.69; Zn 145.20 ± 21.07; Mn 12.49 ± 10.14; Se 0.25 ± 0.14. In alpaca hair we found the following concentrations: Cu 10.22 ± 2.90; Zn 129.81 ± 19.01; Mn 12.67 ± 13.85; Se 0.48 ± 0.24. We found a significant difference between llamas and alpacas in Zn and Se concentrations in the hair. From all the evaluated factors we found that coat colour had the highest effect on Mn and Se concentration. Dark haired animals had significantly higher concentrations of these trace elements than other coloured groups. The evaluation of the concentration of trace elements in the hair of llamas has a potential to be used for the evaluation of long-term status of trace elements in the body; however, it is necessary to continue with experimental work in this area. Our findings can serve as a pilot study for further works in this field.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Estimation of Trace Elements in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum-Comparative Study in Healthy and Periodontitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagavathami Meenaksh ◽  
Chitraa R. Chandran ◽  
Aravindhan Thathchari Ranganathan ◽  
Kavindapadi Venkateswaran Rama ◽  
Valarmathy Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Copper Zinc

Background: This study aims to determine and compare the levels of trace elements copper, zinc, selenium and chromium in GCF and serum of patients with periodontitis and healthy individuals. Methods: This cross sectional study includes 24 study subjects recruited from the patients reporting to the Department of Periodontics , Tagore Dental College Chennai. All the selected patients were subjected to a clinical examination done by a single examiner. The estimation of trace elements Copper, Zinc, Selenium and Chromium in GCF and serum is performed using Perkin Elmer optima 5300 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICPOES). Results: GCF and serum copper levels showed no significant difference in both periodontitis and healthy groups . Selenium levels tend to be the same in both groups. Serum zinc levels are more in periodontitis patients than healthy subjects (p less than 0.01). GCF chromium levels are found to be more in patients with periodontitis than healthy. Conclusions : More research is therefore needed to monitor the role of these trace elements C with an increased sample size to ascertain whether they are associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis.

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

In-vivo anti-oxidant screening of Tectona grandis extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tamilarasi G P ◽  
Sabarees G
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Radical Generation

Oxidation is an essential reaction in the human body, which determines the expression of proteins in the body. This results in the altered expression like rapid growth resulting in cancers and other disorders. Many synthetic drugs are available in the market that is effective in limiting the free radical generation and the reaction of radicals with cells. Unfortunately, all those synthetic drugs were found to cause side effects and adverse effects in the body. But given the accuracy of the predictability of the results and administration, this research focuses on testing the anti-oxidant efficiency in rat models testing the biochemical parameters. Investigations have also been done on the anti-oxidant activity of Tectona, but every research was concentrated to prove the anti-oxidant activity only. extract had been tested for anti-oxidant activity by estimating various tissue parameters and it showed better activity. As predicted, there is a significant difference in the and results which can be explained are due to the physiological conditions that exist inside the body.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

scholarly journals Computer Literacy and Online Learning Attitude toward GSOE Students in Distance Education Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lung-Yu Li ◽  
Long-Yuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Learning Attitude ◽  
Learning Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Managerial Implications

<p>The purpose of this study was to explore graduate students’ competencies in computer use and their attitudes toward online learning in asynchronous online courses of distance learning programs in a Graduate School of Education (GSOE) in Taiwan. The research examined the relationship between computer literacy and the online learning attitudes of these students. Data were collected via a survey through 252 GSOE students in Taiwan. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between computer literacy and online learning attitude among the students. Higher computer literacy was correlated with higher online learning attitude. However, no statistically significant difference was found in online learning attitude by gender or by age group. Suggestions and managerial implications were discussed in the study, and would provide contribution both to the body of knowledge in the filed of education management.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document