Comparison of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Maclura tricuspidata Fruit Extracts at Different Maturity Stages

Abstract: Maclura tricuspidata fruit contains various bioactive compounds and has traditionally been used in folk medicine and as valuable food material in Korea. The composition and contents of bioactive compounds in the fruit can be influenced by its maturity stages. In this study, total phenol, total flavonoid, individual polyphenolic compounds, total carotenoids and antioxidant activities at four maturity stages of the fruit were determined. Polyphenolic compounds were analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS) and HPLC. Among 18 polyphenolic compounds identified in this study, five parishin derivatives (gastrodin, parishin A, B, C, E) were positively identified for the first time in this plant. These compounds were also validated and quantified using authentic standards. Parishin A was the most abundant component, followed by chlorogenic acid, gastrodin, eriodictyol glucoside, parishin C, parishin E and parishin B. The contents of all the polyphenolic compounds were higher at the immature and premature stages than at fully mature and overmature stages, while total carotenoid was found to be higher in the mature and overmature stages. Overall antioxidant activities by three different assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) decreased as maturation progressed. Antioxidant properties of the fruit extract are suggested to be attributed to the polyphenols.

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Flavones and Their Analogues as Bioactive Compounds – An Overview

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570193x15666180418154510 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 377-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B.S. Jayashree ◽

H. Venkatachalam ◽

Sanchari Basu Mallik

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Poor Solubility

Flavonoids constitute a large group of polyphenolic compounds that are known to have antioxidant properties, through their free radical scavenging abilities. They possess a chromone (γ- benzopyrone) moiety, responsible for eliciting many pharmacological activities. Even though, natural flavonoids are highly potent, owing to their poor solubility, they are less used. Therefore, attempts have been made to improve their stability, solubility, efficacy and kinetics by introducing various substituents on the flavone ring. For nearly the last two decades, flavones were synthesized in our laboratory by simple, convenient and cost-effective methods, with the knowledge of both synthetic and semi-synthetic chemistry. In this direction, it was considered worthwhile to present an overview on the synthesized flavonoids. This review creates a platform for highlighting various modifications done on the flavone system along with their biological activity.

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Antioxidant Effects of Schisandra chinensis Fruits and Their Active Constituents

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10040620 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 620

Author(s):

Dalia M. Kopustinskiene ◽

Jurga Bernatoniene

Keyword(s):

Alternative Medicine ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Schisandra Chinensis ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Active Constituents ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.) fruits, their extracts, and bioactive compounds are used in alternative medicine as adaptogens and ergogens protecting against numerous neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, liver, and skin disorders. S. chinensis fruit extracts and their active compounds are potent antioxidants and mitoprotectors exerting anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. S. chinensis polyphenolic compounds—flavonoids, phenolic acids and the major constituents dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are responsible for the S. chinensis antioxidant activities. This review will focus on the direct and indirect antioxidant effects of S. chinensis fruit extract and its bioactive compounds in the cells during normal and pathological conditions.

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Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) tea has higher phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant properties than red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) tea

Food Quality and Safety ◽

10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 193-201

Author(s):

Bei Liu ◽

Qingqing Xu ◽

Yujing Sun

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Goji Berry ◽

Good Habit

Abstract Goji berry tea, a traditional herbal tea, is the main ate mode of goji berry in Asia, yet few studies in comparison with red goji berry tea and black goji berry tea are carried out. This study investigated the effects of water temperature and soak time on the colour, phytochemicals, and the antioxidant capacity [2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of two goji berry tea. A comparison of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities between black and red goji berry tea was conducted. Results showed that both red and black goji berry tea were rich in phytochemicals, giving high antioxidant ability. The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of the two goji berry tea increased as the increases in soak temperature and time. Black goji berry tea had higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property than those of red goji berry tea. Infused at 100° water for the same time, the levels of total polysaccharides (150 mg/100 ml), total polyphenols (238 mg/ml), and antioxidant capacity (550 μmol/100 ml) of black goji berry tea were 3.5, 2, and 5 times higher, respectively, in comparison with red goji berry tea. The results of this study demonstrate that hot drink of goji berry in China is a good habit and black goji berry tea may be a better choice.

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Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Plant Extracts of Some Convolvulus Species and Their DART-ToF-MS Profiling

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/5694305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Asma’a Al-Rifai ◽

Ahmad Aqel ◽

Tarfah Al-Warhi ◽

Saikh M. Wabaidur ◽

Zeid A. Al-Othman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Direct Analysis ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry

Convolvulus austroaegyptiacus Abdallah & Sa’ad (CA) and Convolvulus pilosellifolius Desr. (CP) are commonly used in the Saudi Arabia folk medicine. They are potent in treating the ulcers and skin diseases. The lack of information about their biological activities led us to investigate the possible biological activities by determination of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of total ethanolic extracts and various fractions. Total flavonoid contents of the plants were determined by colorimetric method while total phenols were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu method. In vitro antibacterial activity was studied against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and B. subtilis, and the total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by radical scavenging method. IC50 were found to be 21.81, 17.62, and 3.31 μg/mL for CA, CP, and vitamin C, respectively, while the lowest MIC value of 0.25 mg/mL was recorded with CP extract against B. subtilis. Around 21 compounds are tentatively elucidated from both plants using rapid, simple, and high-resolution analytical technique for chemical profiling of natural compounds by direct analysis in real-time of flight-mass spectrometry, of which 17 were not isolated or reported previously.

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Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil and Hydrosol From Piper Longum Lour. Fruit and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities

10.21203/rs.3.rs-148916/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fei Song ◽

Liyun Huang ◽

Weiquan Qin ◽

Hua Chen ◽

Liyun liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Solvent Free ◽

Total Peak Area ◽

Piper Longum ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Superior Approach ◽

First Time

Abstract In this study, essential oil (EO) of Piper longum L. (PL) fruit was extracted by solvent-free microwave assisted extraction (SFME) and hydroditillation (HD) with hydrosol obtained as a by-product. Operational conditions for SFME were maximized by response surface methodology (RSM) combined with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). Results indicated that the maximum extraction rate of EO by SFME with the optimal parameters was 0.747%, which was significantly higher than 0.496% of HD method. The EOs analyzed by GC-MS, presented 50 and 36 compounds constituting 95.99% and 98.52% of the total peak area obtained by SFME and HD, respectively. The principal components of the both oils were sesquiterpenes and aliphatics while SFME EO contained more bioactive compounds of terpenoids. The predominant components of SFME and HD hydrosols were eugenol (25.44% SFME; 22.82% HD) and linalool (14.10% SFME; 22.37% HD). Trans-isoeugenol, observed for the first time in PL fruit, was presented in SFME hydrosol and took up 14.33% of all the detected compounds. Both the EO and hydrosol extracted by SFME possessed better antioxidant properties than those from HD method, which indicated that SFME was a superior approach to simultaneously obtain the two products.

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Determination of Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity in Flowers and Stems of Rumex Tunetanus Using RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS

10.20944/preprints201812.0027.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jouda Abidi ◽

Sonda Ammar ◽

Mohamed Bouaziz

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Negative Ionization Mode ◽

Negative Ionization

The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive compound in Rumextunetanus extracts (polygonaceae), a plant growing in GarâaSejnane region (NW-Tunisia). Hydro-methanol extracts of flowers and stems of Rumextunetanus were analyzed by RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in the negative mode to identify the maximum of bioactive compounds. Applied the aforementioned method, a total of 60 bioactive compounds were characterized for the first time in Rumextunetanus between them, 18 photochemical were firstly identified in the Polygonaceae family in negative ionization mode. Quantification of the identified compounds revealed that quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and (-)-epicatechingallate were the most abundant phenolic compounds in flowers and stems, respectively. Moreover, positive correlations were found between the antioxidant activity measured by DPPH and FRAP assays with the total phenolic compounds (r = 0.98; r = 0.99, respectively) and the abundance of some phenolic subfamilies such as hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, flavonols and flavones with r > 0.86. The compounds displaying significant (P < 0.01) and good correlations with the antioxidant activity (r > 0.93) were hydroxybenzoic acid, rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside. In addition, the flowers and stems of Rumex tunetanus showed different bioactive compound profiles and significant antioxidant properties of extracts. These results highlight the potential of the RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and MS/MS system to identify untargeted metabolic profiling of Rumex tunetanus. Overall, these results contribute to the clear explanation of the past and current usage of genus Rumex in folk medicine. Future investigations are necessary to develop purified antioxidant extracts, with the application of more selective extraction techniques.

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Allium sativum Extract Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Antifungal Effect against Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Causing Onychomycosis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24213958 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (21) ◽

pp. 3958 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marcel Pârvu ◽

Cătălin A. Moţ ◽

Alina E. Pârvu ◽

Cristina Mircea ◽

Leander Stoeber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Main Compound ◽

Meyerozyma Guilliermondii ◽

Total Oxidative Status ◽

Potential Alternative ◽

First Time

Onychomycosis is a major health problem due to its chronicity and resistance to therapy. Because some cases associate paronychia, any therapy must target the fungus and the inflammation. Medicinal plants represent an alternative for onychomycosis control. In the present work the antifungal and antioxidant activities of Alium sativum extract against Meyerozyma guilliermondii (Wick.) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (A. Jörg.) F.C. Harrison, isolated for the first time from a toenail onychomycosis case, were investigated. The fungal species were confirmed by DNA molecular analysis. A. sativum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and ultrastructural effects were examined. At the MIC concentration (120 mg/mL) the micrographs indicated severe structural alterations with cell death. The antioxidant properties of the A. sativum extract were evaluated is a rat turpentine oil induced inflammation, and compared to an anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, and the main compound from the extract, allicin. A. sativum reduced serum total oxidative status, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide production, and increased total thiols. The effects were comparable to those of allicin and diclofenac. In conclusion, the garlic extract had antifungal effects against M. guilliermondii and R. mucilaginosa, and antioxidant effect in turpentine-induced inflammation. Together, the antifungal and antioxidant activities support that A. sativum is a potential alternative treatment in onychomycosis.

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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Compounds in Endophyte Isolate L-003 Obtained from the Aquatic Plant Nelumbo nucifera

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190114143222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 139-144

Author(s):

Papiya Chakravorty ◽

Nidhi Srivastava ◽

Ahongshangbam Ibeyaima ◽

Indira P. Sarethy

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Aquatic Plants ◽

In Silico ◽

Aquatic Plant ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Nelumbo Nucifera

Background: Microorganisms from understudied habitats have been shown to be an important source of novel bioactive compounds. Endophytes constitute an underexplored group of microorganisms, of which those from aquatic plants have been even less studied. Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) is an aquatic plant with medicinal properties. A screening program for endophytes from N. nucifera by our research group resulted in many microbial isolates, of which isolate L-003 was a promising candidate, exhibiting antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Objectives: The major objectives were to characterize the endophyte L-003 for its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, identify the constituent bioactive compounds by GC-MS and characterize their activities further using in silico software. Methods: L-003 was identified by PIBWin software. Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and organic extracts of culture supernatant of L-003 was checked against a panel of bacteria and fungi. Since the ethyl acetate extract showed the best antimicrobial activity, it was further characterized by thin layer chromatography, an activity confirmed by bioautography and purified by column chromatography. Total antioxidant capacity was assayed by standard techniques. Partially purified metabolite fingerprints were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results: Based on morphological and biochemical analyses, isolate L-003 was identified as belonging to Streptococcus sp. All the organic solvent extracts showed antimicrobial activity. Ethyl acetate extract showed maximum antimicrobial activity against all selected targets and exhibited antioxidant activity too, though butanol and aqueous extracts showed higher antioxidant activity. Two compounds, Acetic acid,-hydroxy, methyl ester and Disulfide, dipropyl, were identified by GC-MS in the metabolite fingerprint. These compounds showed differences in observed and calculated retention indices and could, therefore, be novel. In silico activity, characterization confirmed the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties attributed to these compounds. Conclusion: This is the first study reporting metabolite fingerprinting, identification and characterization of bioactive compounds from an endophytic isolate of Nelumbo nucifera. We conclude that endophytes from aquatic plants could be prospective sources of bioactive compounds, in this case with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

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Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Selected Health Beneficial Bioactive Compounds and Aroma Profile of Red Topepo Sweet Pepper

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9091323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1323

Author(s):

Adele Muscolo ◽

Teresa Papalia ◽

Carmelo Mallamaci ◽

Sonia Carabetta ◽

Rosa Di Sanzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Economic Value ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Fertilization Practice ◽

And Control

Phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of red sweet pepper cv Topepo grown in soil amended with different organic fertilizers were compared with that grown in unamended soil. Organic fertilizers are an environmentally friendly alternative to recovery infertile soils that resulted from the intensified agricultural practices in red Topepo production. The aim was to discriminate the effects of organic fertilizers one from each other on the quality of red Topepo to find out the better sustainable fertilization practice for its cultivation. Results showed that compost from vegetable residues (CV) enhanced the synthesis of total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, carotenoids, anthocyanins, as well as carbohydrates, antioxidant activities, and aroma profiling, compared to horse manure (HD), compost from olive pomace (CO), and control (CTR). The results indicated a specificity between the quality of red Topepo and compost composition, highlighting that vegetable residues increased the synthesis of secondary metabolites, enhancing sustainably, the nutraceutical, sensorial, and economic value of red Topepo. The fertilizer composition resulted largely responsible for the synthesis of bioactive compounds, flavor, and aroma of this fruit.

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Analytical Determination of Bioactive Compounds as an Indication of Fruit Quality

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.5740/jaoacint.12-130 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 1725-1732 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Yong Seo Park ◽

Buk-Gu Heo ◽

Kyung-Sik Ham ◽

Seong-Gook Kang ◽

Yang-Kyun Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Analytical Determination ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Antioxidant Capacity Assays ◽

First Time

Abstract The aim of this investigation was to determine the bioactive compounds in kiwifruit as an indication of quality after extraction using methanol and ethyl acetate. Using FTIR and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and electrospray ionization/MS, the contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, and tannins, and the level of the antioxidant activity by 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric-reducing/antioxidant power, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays were determined and compared. It was found that the methanol extracts of kiwifruit showed significantly higher amounts of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities than the ethyl acetate extracts. The cultivar Bidan, in comparison with the classic Hayward, showed significantly higher bioactivity. For the first time, Bidan organic kiwifruit was analyzed for its antioxidant activities and compared with the widely consumed Hayward organic based on its bioactive compounds and fluorescence properties. Relatively high content of bioactive compounds and positive antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of kiwifruit determined by the advanced analytical methods justify its use as a source of valuable antioxidants. The methods used are applicable for bioactivity determination, in general, for any food products.

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