scholarly journals A Highly Efficient Environmental-Friendly Adsorbent Based on Schiff Base for Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solutions: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5164
Author(s):  
Said Tighadouini ◽  
Othmane Roby ◽  
Smaail Radi ◽  
Zouhair Lakbaibi ◽  
Rafik Saddik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Removal of heavy metals from drinking water sources and rivers is of strategic health importance and is essential for sustainable ecosystem development, in particular in polluted areas around the globe. In this work, new hybrid inorganic-organic material adsorbents made of ortho- (Si-o-OR) or para-Schiff base silica (Si-p-OR) were synthesized and characterized in depth. These hybrid adsorbents show a high selectivity to Cu(II), even in the presence of competing heavy metals (Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II)), and also demonstrate great reusability after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Maximum sorption capacity for Cu(II) was found for Si-o-OR (79.36 mg g−1) and Si-p-OR (36.20 mg g−1) in no less than 25 min. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy studies demonstrate that this uptake occurs due to a chelating effect, which allows these adsorbents to trap Cu(II) ions on their surfaces; this result is supported by a theoretical study for Si-o-OR. The new adsorbents were tested against real water samples extracted from two rivers from the Oriental region of Morocco.

scholarly journals Application of Zeolite Nanofiltration for Removal of Heavy Metals from Urban Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Azwan Morni
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Sorption

In this study, the adsorption and the filtration processes were coupled by a zeolite nanoparticle impregnated polysulfone (PSf) membrane which was used to remove the lead and the nickel cations from synthetically prepared solutions. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicated that the synthesized zeolite nanoparticles, using the conventional hydrothermal method, produced a pure NaX with ultrafine and uniform particles. The performance of the hybrid membrane was determined under dynamic conditions. The results also revealed that the sorption capacity, as well as the water hydraulic permeability of the membranes, could both be improved by simply tuning the membrane fabricating conditions such as evaporation period of the casting film and NaX loading. The maximum sorption capacity of the hybrid membrane for the lead and nickel ions was measured as 682 and 122 mg/g respectively at the end of 60 min of filtration, under 1 bar of transmembrane pressure. The coupling process suggested that membrane architecture could be efficiently used for treating metal solutions with low concentrations and transmembrane pressures.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Kusrini ◽  
Nofrijon Sofyan ◽  
Dwi Marta Nurjaya ◽  
Santoso Santoso ◽  
Dewi Tristantini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HApC) composite has been prepared by precipitation method and used for removal of heavy metals (Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+) from aqueous solution. The HAp and 3H7C composite with HAp:chitosan ratio of 3:7 (wt%) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The SEM results showed that HAp is spherical-shaped and crystalline, while chitosan has a flat structure. SEM micrograph of 3H7C composite reveals crystalline of HAp uniformly spread over the surface of chitosan. The crystal structure of HAp is maintained in 3H7C composite. Chitosan affects the adsorption capacity of HAp for heavy metal ions; it binds the metal ions as well as HAp. The kinetic data was best described by the pseudo-second order. Surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion take place in the mechanism of adsorption process. The binding of HAp powder with chitosan made the capability of composite to removal of Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+from aqueous solution effective. The order of removal efficiency (Cr6+> Cd2+> Zn2+) was observed.

Use of bentonite to control the release of copper from contaminated soils

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanting Ling ◽  
Qing Shen ◽  
Yanzheng Gao ◽  
Xiaohong Gu ◽  
Zhipeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Soil Ageing

A decrease in release and availability of heavy metals in soil has been of worldwide interest in recent years. Bentonite is a type of expandable montmorillonite clay, and has strong sorption for heavy metals. In this work, the control of amended bentonite on the release of copper (Cu2+) from spiked soils was investigated using a batch equilibrium technique. Sorption of Cu by bentonite was pH-dependent, and could be well described using the Langmiur model. Maximum sorption capacity of the bentonite used in this study was 5.4 mg/g, which was much greater than soils reported in the literature. The extent of Cu2+ release from spiked soils was correlated with slurry concentrations, pH, and soil ageing process. In all cases, the amendment of bentonite was observed to effectively decrease the release of Cu2+ from soils. The apparent aqueous concentrations of Cu2+ released from soils devoid of bentonite treatment were 113–1160% higher than those from the soils amended with bentonite. Moreover, the magnitude of Cu2+ release decreased with increasing amount of bentonite added to soils. The bentonite added was more effective in retaining Cu2+ in sorbents for aged contaminated soils. Such enhanced retention resulting from the presence of bentonite was observed within a wide pH range from 2.5 to 7.0. Bentonite, as one of the most abundant minerals in soils, is regarded to improve the soil overall quality. The results obtained from this work provide useful information on utilisation of bentonite to control the release of heavy metals from contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Conversion of fisheries waste as magnetic hydroxyapatite bionanocomposite for the removal of heavy metals from groundwater

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1406-1419
Author(s):  
F. Elmi ◽  
R. Chenarian Nakhaei ◽  
H. Alinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fish Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

Abstract This study is the first report of its type demonstrating the synthesis of mHAP on the basis of magnetic functionalization with nHAP, which were synthesized using Rutilus frisii kutum fish scale as a benign fishery waste by-product. The mHAP was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of a single-phase nHAP without any extra steady phases. It was also found that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model gave a satisfactory fit to the experimental data (R2 = 0.99). The maximum removal percentages of Cu and Zn ions in optimal conditions (adsorbent dosage at 0.1 g, 30 min contact time at 25 ± 1 °C and pH = 5 ± 0.1) by mHAP were 97.1% and 93.8%, respectively. Results also demonstrated that mHAP could be recycled for up to five cycles in the case of copper and zinc. The Langmuir isotherm was proved to have a better correlation compared with that of the Freundlich isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that it was a spontaneously endothermic reaction. In conclusion, mHAP could be regarded as a powerful candidate for efficient biosorbent, capable of adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Efficient Separation of Heavy Metals by Magnetic Nanostructured Beads

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandra de Castro Alves ◽  
Susana Yáñez-Vilar ◽  
Yolanda Piñeiro-Redondo ◽  
José Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Metal System ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

This study reports the ability of magnetic alginate activated carbon (MAAC) beads to remove Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) from water in a mono-metal and ternary system. The adsorption capacity of the MAAC beads was highest in the mono-metal system. The removal efficiency of such metal ions falls in the range of 20–80% and it followed the order Cd(II) > Ni(II) > Hg(II). The model that best fitted in the ternary system was the Freundlich isotherm, while in the mono-system it was the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) adsorption capacities calculated from the Freundlich isotherm in the mono-metal system were 7.09, 5.08, and 4.82 (mg/g) (mg/L)1/n, respectively. Lower adsorption capacity was observed in the ternary system due to the competition of metal ions for available adsorption sites. Desorption and reusability experiments demonstrated the MAAC beads could be used for at least five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. These findings suggest the practical use of the MAAC beads as efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

scholarly journals Equilibrium and kinetics study on removal of arsenate ions from aqueous solution by CTAB/TiO2 and starch/CTAB/TiO2 nanoparticles: a comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Pankaj Gogoi ◽  
Debasish Dutta ◽  
Tarun Kr. Maji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms

We present a comparative study on the efficacy of TiO2 nanoparticles for arsenate ion removal after modification with CTAB (N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide) followed by coating with starch biopolymer. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The removal efficiency was studied as a function of contact time, material dose and initial As(V) concentration. CTAB-modified TiO2 showed the highest arsenate ion removal rate (∼99% from 400 μg/L). Starch-coated CTAB-modified TiO2 was found to be best for regeneration. For a targeted solution of 400 μg/L, a material dose of 2 g/L was found to be sufficient to reduce the As(V) concentration below 10 μg/L. Equilibrium was established within 90 minutes of treatment. The sorption pattern followed a Langmuir monolayer pattern, and the maximum sorption capacity was found to be 1.024 mg/g and 1.423 mg/g after starch coating and after CTAB modification, respectively. The sorption mechanisms were governed by pseudo second order kinetics.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BIOSORBENTS DOSAGE AND SIZE IN REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM WASTE WATER

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Test Of Hypothesis ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Level Of Significance

Biosorption experiments were conducted using non-living biosorbents, crushed maize cob and coconut husk to determine the effect of dosage and size on sorption of heavy metals from wastewater. Particle sizes passing the 6.3 mm, 2.0 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.212 mm and 0.063 mm BS sieve sizes were used in the experiments. Solutions of Cd (II), Pb (II), Ni (II), Cr (VI) and Cu (II), each prepared in different concentrations of 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml were passed through the biosorbents. Results showed that coconut husk is a better biosorbent than maize cob with maximum sorption of 71.6 % at particle size of 0.063 mm and dosage of 50 mg/ml, this was followed by Chromium with 64.5 %, Lead with 56.8 %, Copper with 50.6 % and least by Nickel with 44.4 % all at 50 mg/ml. The test of hypothesis at 5 % level of significance showed that calculated at 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml corresponding to 0.911, 0.219, 0.212, 0.691 and 0.619 were less than the tabulated t, the null hypothesis was chosen which indicated that there is no significant difference in the sorption affinities of these heavy metals to coconut husk and maize cob biosorbents. Coefficient of variation at various doses from 10 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml were 0.1275, 0.1145, +0.1181, 0.1032 and 0.1021 which showed very little variability. It was concluded that although there are differences in the sorption capacities of these biosorbents and the affinities of these heavy metals in attaching themselves on the surfaces of the biosorbents, the differences are not significant.

scholarly journals Sorption of Selected Heavy Metals with Different Relative Concentrations in Industrial Effluent on Biochar from Human Faecal Products and Pine-Bark

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koetlisi Andreas Koetlisi ◽  
Pardon Muchaonyerwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Batch Sorption Experiment ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Waste Sewage Sludge

The removal of heavy metals from effluents at source could reduce contamination of soil and water bodies. A batch sorption experiment was performed to determine the effects of feedstock of biochars pyrolysed at increasing temperature on sorption capacities of Cu, Cr and Zn from industrial effluent and aqueous solutions. Sewage sludge, latrine faecal waste and pine-bark biochars were used. The sorption data were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. Maximum sorption capacities of latrine waste, sewage sludge and pine-bark biochar (350 °C) were, respectively, 313, 400 and 233 mg kg−1 for Zn, 102, 98.0 and 33.3 mg kg−1 for Cu, and 18.9, 13.8 and 67.1 mg kg−1 for Cr from industrial effluent. Conversely, sorption capacities from single metal solutions were 278, 227 and 104 mg Zn kg−1, 97.1, 137 and 21.3 mg Cu kg−1, 122, 106 and 147 mg Cr kg−1 on latrine waste, sewage sludge and pine-bark biochar, respectively. Step-wise regression analysis showed that the combined effects of ash, fixed C, pH influenced Zn sorption, ash and fixed C affected Cu sorption, and Cr sorption by ash and specific surface area of the biochar. The findings of the study imply that biochar from human faecal waste, particularly sewage sludge, has the potential to be utilized as sorbents of heavy metals from multiple metal effluent and that the sorption is affected by relative concentrations.

scholarly journals A Biosorption-Pyrolysis Process for Removal of Pb from Aqueous Solution and Subsequent Immobilization of Pb in the Char

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Jinhong Lü ◽  
Dongqing Feng ◽  
Sen Guo ◽  
Jianfa Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Pretreated Biomass ◽  
Pb Immobilization

The application of biosorption in the removal of heavy metals from water faces a challenge of safe disposal of contaminated biomass. In this study, a potential solution for this problem was proposed by using a biosorption-pyrolysis process featured by pretreatment of biomass with phosphoric acid (PA). The PA pretreatment of biomass increased the removal efficiency of heavy metal Pb from water by sorption, and subsequent pyrolysis helped immobilize Pb in the residual char. The results indicate that most (>95%) of the Pb adsorbed by the PA-pretreated biomass was retained in the char, and that the lower pyrolysis temperature (350 °C) is more favorable for Pb immobilization. In this way, the bioavailable Pb in the char was hardly detected, while the Pb leachable in acidic solution decreased to <3% of total Pb in the char. However, higher pyrolysis temperature (450 °C) is unfavorable for Pb immobilization, as both the leachable and bioavailable Pb increased to >28%. The reason should be related to the formation of elemental Pb and unstable Pb compounds during pyrolysis at 450 °C, according to the X-ray diffraction study.

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