scholarly journals The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5991
Author(s):  
Caterina Russo ◽  
Alessandro Maugeri ◽  
Giovanni Enrico Lombardo ◽  
Laura Musumeci ◽  
Davide Barreca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Life ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Human Health Damage ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Citrus fruits (CF) are among the most widely cultivated fruit crops throughout the world and their production is constantly increasing along with consumers’ demand. Therefore, huge amounts of waste are annually generated through CF processing, causing high costs for their disposal, as well as environmental and human health damage, if inappropriately performed. According to the most recent indications of an economic, environmental and pharmaceutical nature, CF processing residues must be transformed from a waste to be disposed to a valuable resource to be reused. Based on a circular economy model, CF residues (i.e., seeds, exhausted peel, pressed pulp, secondary juice and leaves) have increasingly been re-evaluated to also obtain, but not limited to, valuable compounds to be employed in the food, packaging, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. However, the use of CF by-products is still limited because of their underestimated nutritional and economic value, hence more awareness and knowledge are needed to overcome traditional approaches for their disposal. This review summarizes recent evidence on the pharmacological potential of CF waste to support the switch towards a more environmentally sustainable society.

Optimisation of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) press residue extraction using a combination of pectolytic enzyme and ultrasound treatments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
L. Klavins ◽  
E.P. Puzule ◽  
J. Kviesis ◽  
M. Klavins
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Skin Cell ◽  
Pectolytic Enzymes ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Berry Skins ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Blueberries are one of the most popular and widely consumed berries, they are usually consumed fresh, dried or processed into juice. During the production of juices large quantities of berry press residues are generated, which are an industrial by-product and they accumulate as food waste. Optimal management of this industrial fruit by-product could help in utilising berry press residues with the purpose to valorise and add economic value. Blueberry press residues consist of skins and seeds which hold valuable compounds with antioxidant activity –polyphenolics. To facilitate the objective of bioactive compound release, the cell walls must rupture. Pectolytic enzymes could be used to degrade the structural polysaccharides of the berry skin cell wall, thus releasing the contents of the cells into the extraction medium. The physical characteristics of berry skins allows the use of pectolytic enzymes for the disruption of cells; however, the effects of enzymatic hydrolysis could be further improved using ultrasound. In this study the combined effects of enzyme and ultrasonic treatments were evaluated and optimised using the Response Surface Methodology approach in order to increase the release of polyphenolic compounds (especially anthocyanins). The optimised method was further tested to evaluate the application potential of enzyme and ultrasound treatment to prepare blueberry or lingonberry juice with increased antioxidant activity and more vibrant colour. The obtained results provide an optional method of berry press residue valorisation to produce higher quality juice or extract bioactive compounds from this type of food-waste.

scholarly journals Influence of storage on the physical and chemical properties of Scots pine bark

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Routa ◽  
Hanna Brännström ◽  
Jarkko Hellström ◽  
Juha Laitila
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Buffer Storage ◽  
Delivery Times ◽  
Biomass Logistics ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Abstract Bark is currently used mainly to produce energy, but the extraction of valuable compounds before combustion offers an interesting cascading use for debarking biomass. Buffer storage is an inevitable part of bark biomass logistics, but substantial dry matter and extractive losses can degrade the properties and reduce the economic value of the raw material during storage. In this study, moisture and ash content, calorific value, and extractives content and composition of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sawmill bark were determined over 2 months of buffer storage, and the change in energy content during storage was calculated. The results showed that the energy content (MWh m−3) of the bark increased 3% during storage, while at the same time the moisture content decreased 16%. The content of acetone-soluble extractives decreased markedly, with only 56% of the original amount remaining after 8 weeks of storage. In particular, hydrophilic, phenolic extractive compounds were rapidly lost after debarking and piling of the bark. About 60% of condensed tannins (CT) and about 26% of the quantified lipophilic compounds were lost after 2 weeks of storage. The fastest rate of decrease and the most significant changes in extractives content and composition occurred within the first 2 weeks of storage. Utilization of these valuable compounds necessitates fast supply of material for further processing after debarking. The comprehensive utilization of bark requires efficiency at all levels of the supply chain to ensure that tree delivery times are kept short and loss of bark is avoided during harvest and transport.

scholarly journals Overview: Virtual Reality in Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Pensieri ◽  
Maddalena Pennacchini
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Surgical Simulation ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interactive 3D

Background: Virtual Reality (VR) was defined as a collection of technological devices: “a computer capable of interactive 3D visualization, a head-mounted display and data gloves equipped with one or more position trackers”. Today, lots of scientists define VR as a simulation of the real world based on computer graphics, a three dimensional world in which communities of real people interact, create content, items and services, producing real economic value through e-Commerce.Objective: To report the results of a systematic review of articles and reviews published about the theme: “Virtual Reality in Medicine”.Methods: We used the search query string: “Virtual Reality”, “Metaverse”, “Second Life”, “Virtual World”, “Virtual Life” in order to find out how many articles were written about these themes. For the “Meta-review” we used only “Virtual Reality” AND “Review”. We searched the following databases: Psycinfo, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Isiknowledge till September 2011 and Pubmed till February 2012. We included any source published in either print format or on the Internet, available in all languages, and containing texts that define or attempt to define VR in explicit terms.Results: We retrieved 3,443 articles on Pubmed in 2012 and 8,237 on Isiknowledge in 2011. This large number of articles covered a wide range of themes, but showed no clear consensus about VR. We identified 4 general uses of VR in Medicine, and searched for the existing reviews about them. We found 364 reviews in 2011, although only 197 were pertinent to our aims: 1. Communication Interface (11 Reviews); 2. Medical Education (49 reviews); 3. Surgical Simulation (49 Reviews) and 4. Psychotherapy (88 Reviews).Conclusion: We found a large number of articles, but no clear consensus about the meaning of the term VR in Medicine. We found numerous articles published on these topics and many of them have been reviewed. We decided to group these reviews in 4 areas in order to provide a systematic overview of the subject matter, and to enable those interested to learn more about these particular topics.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Chemical and Pharmacological Potential of Viola betonicifolia: A Plant with Multiple Benefits

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3138
Author(s):  
Komal Rizwan ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad Khan ◽  
Ikram Ahmad ◽  
Nasir Rasool ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents ◽  
Promising Source

Viola betonicifolia (Violaceae) is commonly recognized as “Banafsha” and widely distributed throughout the globe. This plant is of great interest because of its traditional, pharmacological uses. This review mainly emphases on morphology, nutritional composition, and several therapeutic uses, along with pharmacological properties of different parts of this multipurpose plant. Different vegetative parts of this plant (roots, leaves, petioles, and flowers) contained a good profile of essential micro- and macronutrients and are rich source of fat, protein, carbohydrates, and vitamin C. The plant is well known for its pharmacological properties, e.g., antioxidant, antihelminthic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and has been reported in the treatment of various neurological diseases. This plant is of high economic value. The plant has potential role in cosmetic industry. This review suggests that V. betonicifolia is a promising source of pharmaceutical agents. This plant is also of significance as ornamental plant, however further studies needed to explore its phytoconstituents and their pharmacological potential. Furthermore, clinical studies are needed to use this plant for benefits of human beings.

scholarly journals The comparison between the market value (MVA) the net profit after tax by economic value added (EVA) to net profit after tax of the companies listed on the in Tehran Stock Exchange.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-564
Author(s):  
Amir Rahimi Ashtiani ◽  
Saleh Payande Ashtiani
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Shareholder Wealth ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Spss Software

Desired performance and eventually increase the company's value will increase shareholder wealth. The fundamental challenge of managing businesses to create value for shareholders. The comparison between the market value (MVA) the net profit after tax by economic value added (EVA) to net profit after tax of the companies listed on the in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2007 to 2014. So that can be a benchmark internal performance evaluation that a representative of the market value is also achieved which the statistical was determined technique of a linear regression coefficient, And EVIEWS and SPSS software was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there are positive correlation between (MVA/EARING) as the dependent variable (EVA /EARING) as independent variables studied in all companies, regardless of their weakness. So the companies listed in in Tehran Stock Exchange (EVA/EARING) as a measure of internal performance measurement alone is not enough to predict the effectiveness criteria is value in the market. In our group of companies and industries except, automotive and pharmaceutical industries that there were not a significant relationship between the variables in the rest of the industry significant relationship between the variables.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kapasitas Petani Cokelat Desa Randualas Kecamatan Kare Kabupaten Madiun Melalui Edukasi Kualitas Kemasan Produk Cokelat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Achmad Ridwan Ariyantoro ◽  
Choirul Anam ◽  
Raden Baskara Katri Anandito ◽  
Danar Praseptiangga ◽  
Anastriyani Yulviatun
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Plastic Layer ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Chocolate Product ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

<p align="justify"><em><strong>Increasing the Capacity of Chocolate Farmers in Randualas Village Kare District Madiun Regency through Education of Chocolate Product Packaging Quality.</strong></em> Cocoa is one of the largest commodities from Madiun Regency. Cocoa has the potential to be developed into processed chocolate products that will become typical souvenirs of Madiun Regency. The cocoa farmers in Randualas Village, Kare District, Madiun Regency have received counseling on the processing of cocoa beans into ready-to-consume chocolate products. However, the chocolate product was wraped in only an HDPE plastic layer which was less attractive to consumers, so it is necessary to improve the quality of the chocolate packaging. This community empowerment aims to increase the ability of cocoa farmers (partners) to package chocolate products properly and attractively so it will further increase the economic value of their chocolate product. The activities are education and counseling about the importance of packaging for chocolate products and how to design good and attractive packaging. Monitoring and evaluation were also carried out by filling out questionnaires by participants regarding the level of understanding of the material before and after being presented.  The result showed that the partners understand the importance of packaging in food products in general and packaging for chocolate products in particular. It was evidenced that after counseling, up to 50% of participants understand the importance of packaging in the food packaging process and 50% of participants understand the criteria for good packaging for chocolate products.</p>

scholarly journals Model of sustainable land management (study at Bukit Sepuluh Ribu area of Bungursari Sub-District, Tasikmalaya City, West Java)

2019 ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
Dadan Ramdhani ◽  
Suyud Warno Utomo ◽  
Hasrol Thayib ◽  
Yuki Wardhana
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Spatial Plan

This study is associated with the increased pressure on hill resources due to land conversion that causes environmental degradation and leads to environmental unsustainability. The evenly spread hill known as Bukit Sepuluh Ribu, is a source of community life. The hill formed by the eruption of a volcano, has a land cover, namely close to forest vegetation. The study location is in Bukit Sepuluh Ribu area that has ecological, hydrological, geological and aesthetic environmental function. The concept of community empowerment through Agro-ecosystem can be a solution, thus the utilization of the hill is economically profitable and environmentally sustainable. There are land use unsuitability referring to the existing spatial plan (682.9 Ha), namely high densely settlement area (264.67 Ha), other agriculture (359.21 Ha) and mining areas (58.51 Ha), Through the concept of appropriate community empowerment in accordance with the rules and typology of hill areas can provide the potential benefits of ecosystems and produce products of economic value without damaging them. The concept of empowerment through dryland agro-ecosystem by combining forest-based agriculture activities is one of the solutions to the problem of land management.

scholarly journals Expanding the Knowledge on the Skillful Yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Maria Sousa-Silva ◽  
Daniel Vieira ◽  
Pedro Soares ◽  
Margarida Casal ◽  
Isabel Soares-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Core Proteome ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Biotechnology Sector

Cyberlindnera jadinii is widely used as a source of single-cell protein and is known for its ability to synthesize a great variety of valuable compounds for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Its capacity to produce compounds such as food additives, supplements, and organic acids, among other fine chemicals, has turned it into an attractive microorganism in the biotechnology field. In this review, we performed a robust phylogenetic analysis using the core proteome of C. jadinii and other fungal species, from Asco- to Basidiomycota, to elucidate the evolutionary roots of this species. In addition, we report the evolution of this species nomenclature over-time and the existence of a teleomorph (C. jadinii) and anamorph state (Candida utilis) and summarize the current nomenclature of most common strains. Finally, we highlight relevant traits of its physiology, the solute membrane transporters so far characterized, as well as the molecular tools currently available for its genomic manipulation. The emerging applications of this yeast reinforce its potential in the white biotechnology sector. Nonetheless, it is necessary to expand the knowledge on its metabolism, regulatory networks, and transport mechanisms, as well as to develop more robust genetic manipulation systems and synthetic biology tools to promote the full exploitation of C. jadinii.

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