Peningkatan Kapasitas Petani Cokelat Desa Randualas Kecamatan Kare Kabupaten Madiun Melalui Edukasi Kualitas Kemasan Produk Cokelat

<p align="justify"><em><strong>Increasing the Capacity of Chocolate Farmers in Randualas Village Kare District Madiun Regency through Education of Chocolate Product Packaging Quality.</strong></em> Cocoa is one of the largest commodities from Madiun Regency. Cocoa has the potential to be developed into processed chocolate products that will become typical souvenirs of Madiun Regency. The cocoa farmers in Randualas Village, Kare District, Madiun Regency have received counseling on the processing of cocoa beans into ready-to-consume chocolate products. However, the chocolate product was wraped in only an HDPE plastic layer which was less attractive to consumers, so it is necessary to improve the quality of the chocolate packaging. This community empowerment aims to increase the ability of cocoa farmers (partners) to package chocolate products properly and attractively so it will further increase the economic value of their chocolate product. The activities are education and counseling about the importance of packaging for chocolate products and how to design good and attractive packaging. Monitoring and evaluation were also carried out by filling out questionnaires by participants regarding the level of understanding of the material before and after being presented. The result showed that the partners understand the importance of packaging in food products in general and packaging for chocolate products in particular. It was evidenced that after counseling, up to 50% of participants understand the importance of packaging in the food packaging process and 50% of participants understand the criteria for good packaging for chocolate products.</p>

Penyuluhan Kesuburan Tanah, Pupuk Organik serta Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman bagi Kelompok Tani Baranuri

<p><em><strong>Counseling of Soil Fertility, Organic Fertilizers, Pests and Plant Diseases for Baranuri Farmers Group</strong>. </em>The Baranuri Farmers Group (KT. Baranuri) is one of the providers of vegetables for the people of Ende City. The results of interviews with farmers obtained several problems, namely, there is no data on soil fertility and lack of understanding of soil fertility, organic fertilizers, pests and plant diseases. The solution given is to analyze soil pH and organic-C to be used as a reference for soil fertility conditions as well as counseling about soil fertility, organic fertilizers, pests and plant diseases. This service activity aims to provide information on soil fertility, increase farmers' knowledge regarding soil fertility, organic fertilizers and plant pests and diseases. The counseling method used is a group approach. Purposive soil sampling, samples were taken diagonally. The organic-C content was analyzed in the laboratory by Walkley and Black method, while soil pH was measured directly on the field using 4 in 1 Soil Survey Instrument and then matching with the criteria of assessment of soil analysis results by the Indonesian Soil Research Institute. The results obtained were the soil pH was 4-5 (very acidic-acidic) and soil organic C was 2.03-2.37% (moderate). The extension activities were succeeded in increasing public knowledge from 46.7% to 86.7% (an increase of 85.7%). The recommendation from this activity is to create a demonstration field to apply an organic fertilizer that can be observed directly by farmer groups.</p>

Pemanfaatan Sistem Embung Sebagai Sumber Air dan Pangan Keluarga di Desa Cikalong Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat

<p><strong><em>Utilizing the Pond as A Water and Food Source in Cikalong Village Tasikmalaya </em></strong><strong><em>West Java.</em></strong> Cikalong Village is administratively in the Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java, often experiencing drought every year, chiefly in the dry season, when the local people have difficulty obtaining water to meet their daily needs. The method used in the activity was a direct observation, interviews, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The number of people involved is 10-15 people, in which there are community leaders and farmers. This activity aims to determine the contribution and benefits of the pond, especially in the dry season which is prone to drought. Ponds can be an alternative solution, apart from being a water source, their function can also be developed for fish cultivation with an aquaculture system and vegetables with an aqua-plants system. Both systems are able to meet food needs on a family scale well, with the integration of various types of fish such as <em>Cyprinus carpio</em>, <em>Oreochromis mossambicus</em> and vegetables such as chili, leeks, tomatoes. The results of the activity showed that the benefits of making ponds around the house with sizes of 10x10 m, 5x5 m, and 3x3 m and in gardens with sizes 10x20 m to 20x20 are as water storage, fish cultivation and plant cultivation. The pond was a form of adaptation and mitigation of local communities in responding to the effects of drought properly. The Cikalong Village community can be categorized as a community that has a fairly high sensitivity to the surrounding environmental conditions in recognizing and mitigating drought problems.</p>

Potensi Maggot (Black Soldier Fly) sebagai Pakan Ternak di Desa Miri Kecamatan Kismantoro Wonogiri

<p><em><strong>Potential of Maggot (Black Soldier Fly) as Animal Feed in Miri Village Kismantoro Wonogiri.</strong> </em>Cultivation of chicken and catfish was a field of business that was mostly carried out by residents of Miri Village, Kismantoro District, Wonogiri Regency. The high component of feed costs results in low profits. So far, farmers still rely on pellets as the main feed for their livestock. Alternative feeds in the form of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae or maggot were well known to residents, but only a few residents had ever used maggot as feed. Residents had never received education and training on maggot cultivation. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of Miri Village residents in maggot cultivation, the dependence of farmers on artificial feed can be reduced and replaced with feed from maggot cultivation. Activities carried out in the service consist of socialization and training on maggot cultivation. The socialization was in the form of exposure to the benefits and propagation of maggots, while the training materials were the practice of catching eggs, maintaining maggots, and harvesting maggots. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge regarding maggot cultivation by 21.32%. The participants also showed interest in carrying out practical activities. The benefits of BSF cultivation include reducing household waste, producing maggots as animal feed, and producing organic fertilizer.</p>

PENDAMPINGAN MASYARAKAT DALAM BUDIDAYA PORANG SECARA AGROFORESTRI SEBAGAI RINTISAN DESA ALASOMBO, SUKOHARJO SEBAGAI SENTRA PORANG

<p><strong><em>Community Assistance in Porang Cultivation in Agroforestry to Realize Alasombo as a Porang Center. </em></strong>Land conditions in Alasombo Village, Sukoharjo Regency, Central of Java potentially to be developed as a centre for porang (<em>Amorphophallus muelleri</em> Blume). The purpose of community service (PKM) is to introduce and improve skills in agroforestry cultivation of porang to realize Alasombo as a porang centre. PKM partners are ASSTI Farmer Groups and Youth Groups in Bende, Alasombo. The methods used were focus group discussion (FGD), cultivation practices, and evaluation. The activity was carried out from April to December 2020. Cultivation practices were carried out in Bende. The results of PKM activities show that 52.2% of the people know that for porang tubers have a high selling price and are very potential as an export commodity, 60.9% of the people do not know how to cultivate porang properly, 56.53% do not know that porang can be produced by agroforestry, and 95.5% people do not understand that the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil affect the growth and yield of porang. Assistance by universities is essential for the transfer of knowledge and technology to the community. Continuous assistance activities need to be carried out to make Alasombo a centre for <em>Amorphophalus</em> sp. `</p>

Pendampingan Agribisnis Anggrek Hibrida di Kecamatan Matesih Kabupaten Karanganyar

<div data-canvas-width="511.892564516129"><em><strong>The Assistance of Hybrid Orchid Agribusiness in Matesih District Karanganyar Regency</strong></em>. Matesih District of Karanganyar Regency is known as the center of ornamental plants including orchids. However, most of the farmers grow orchids by raise the juvenile orchids into adult orchids which are then sold. Farmers have not been able to produce seedlings as well as to transfer plantlets from tissue culture bottles to media in pots. These community service programs aim to provide knowledge and increase the skills of partner farmers in acclimatizing hybrid orchids. Therefore they can transfer orchid seeds with a high success rate and earn higher profits from their orchid agribusiness. The program was carried out in Plosorejo Village, Matesih District, Karanganyar Regency from April to October 2020. Partner farmers consist of two farmer groups, namely the farmer group of RT 002 RW XIII and Tani Rejo IX. This program has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and skills of partner farmers in acclimatizing hybrid orchids. In terms of business, this program is profitable because based on the calculation with a capital of Rp869.000, 00 generates a profit of Rp1.311.000,00 per four months with a BC ratio of 1.5.</div>

Peningkatan Usaha Budidaya Cacing Tanah di Kecamatan Teras Kabupaten Boyolali

<p><em><strong>Increasing of Earthworm Cultivation Business in Teras District Boyolali Regency.</strong> </em>Earthworms are soft-bodied, invertebrates, and have many functions as decomposer organisms, fertilizer producers from organic waste, and animal protein sources. Earthworms have high economic value. This community service aims to increase the capacity of earthworm cultivation through improved feed, use of vermicompost, and improvement of business bookkeeping on partner SMEs. The community service method is socialization, earthworm cultivation training, the introduction of media (feed), bookkeeping management training, and mentoring. Community service activities are earthworm cultivation training, introducing palm dregs and tofu dregs as media (feed), vermicompost as organic fertilizer, simple bookkeeping training, and mentoring. This community service activity can increase earthworms' production capacity by 50 - 70% per two months. SMEs have other alternative media (feed), namely palm dregs and tofu dregs, for worm cultivation. SMEs are already using vermicompost as organic fertilizer. SMEs have simple bookkeeping because they have recorded the financial income and expenditure of earthworm cultivation. Overall, this service activity has provided additional knowledge for SMEs to run a business so that the business is expected to progress and develop.</p>

Peningkatan Produktivitas Usaha Budidaya Ayam Kampung UKM Putra Budi Kecamatan Mojolaban Kabupaten Sukoharjo

<p><em><strong>Increasing the Productivity of Kampong Chicken in the Putra Budi SME’s Mojolaban District Sukoharjo Regency</strong></em>. Putra Budi Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) located in Bekonang Village, Mojolaban Subdistrict, Sukoharjo Regency, is a business unit owned by Mr Apri with traditional kampong chicken breeding with a capacity of 50-100 chickens/period. Mr Apri. Putra Budi SMEs is engaged in traditional village chicken farming with a capacity of 50-100 chickens/period. Mr Apri started this business 5 years ago, but the maintenance method is still simple and has not been carried out intensively so that the productivity is low. Chicken sales are carried out on a wholesale basis, causing lower prices. Providing feed that does not meet the standard needs of livestock. The main problem faced by Putra Budi SME’s lies in the management of native chicken maintenance which includes management of feed, cages, sanitation, selection of broodstock, and hatching which are carried out traditionally (extensively). This service aims to increase the business of native chicken cultivation by implementing intensive cultivation, diversifying the marketing pattern of native chickens, and being able to increase partner income. Some of the solutions offered are to provide broader knowledge about the management of domestic chicken rearing which is still extensive/traditional towards programmed intensive management. The result of this service activity is that SME’s can apply feed management by selecting feed raw materials around the location and the practice of compiling quality native chicken rations, broiler-type chicken maintenance systems that are free from dangerous diseases/viruses, increasing productivity, efficiency, and speed of return on investment, and can establish cooperation with restaurants or SMEs processing native chicken. Based on the economic analysis carried out, the maintenance of the Putra Budi village chickens with 200 chickens experienced a 5% depletion and earned a profit of IDR 1,400,000 per breeding period.</p>

Pelatihan Agro Eco-System Analysis Petani Ketela Pohon dalam Teknik Pengelolaan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman

<em><strong>Training on Agro Eco-System Analysis for Cassava Farmers in Plant Pest Organism Management Techniques</strong>. </em>Pest population fluctuations in cassava plants tend to increase and spread rapidly in drought fields and a monoculture cropping pattern with close spacing therefore the presence of pests planted is highly dependent on agro-ecosystem conditions. Therefore ecological-based pest control is very necessary. To maintain the stability of the plant ecosystem, basic skills are needed in conducting agroecosystem analysis (AESA). Based on the analysis results obtained recommendations for appropriate ecosystem management for each growing season and facilitate farmers in determining good cultivation techniques regarding pest control, cropping patterns, soil and water conservation as well as natural enemies that are appropriate for their plants. AESA activities are carried out so that farmers understand and are skilled in managing their cassava plantations because Randotonda Village is a producer of "Nuabosi" cassava which is known as a regional superior product. The activity is carried out in a participatory manner by directly involving the participating farmers as observers, fact seekers and decision-makers for the management of their agroecosystems through discussion and manifesting current real conditions with the hope that in the future they can manage their cropping agroecosystems properly. The highest increase in farmer understanding occurred in natural enemy components of 91.67% while the average increase in farmer understanding for all agro-ecosystem components was 57.14%. All participants were able to perform AESA very well which was indicated by the ability of farmers to make recommendations for managing cassava agroecosystems for the next planting season.