scholarly journals Incorporation of Lippia citriodora Microwave Extract into Total-Green Biogelatin-Phospholipid Vesicles to Improve Its Antioxidant Activity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez ◽  
Maria Letizia Manca ◽  
Maria Manconi ◽  
Carla Caddeo ◽  
José Antonio Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Phospholipid Vesicles ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Lippia Citriodora ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Primary Mouse

Phytochemicals from Lippia citriodora leaves were extracted by applying an innovative technology based on the use of microwaves, which represents an alternative method to extract bioactive substances. The obtained extract was incorporated into phospholipid vesicles in order to promote the antioxidant effect of the bioactive molecules present in L. citriodora extract. The extract was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometer by electrospray (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) and different phytochemicals were detected and quantified. The whole extract was incorporated in liposomes, glycerosomes (liposomes modified with glycerol) and propylene glycol-containing vesicles (PG-PEVs). Moreover, a biopolymer obtained from fish by-product, that is Thunnus albacares skin, was added to improve the bioactivity of the formulations. The in vitro biocompatibility and the antioxidant efficacy of the extract in solution or loaded in the vesicles were tested in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (3T3). The results showed the superior bioactivity of the vesicle formulations over the aqueous solution of the extract, which points to an interesting strategy for the treatment of skin disorders.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Effect of the Methanolic Extract of the Korean Soybean Fermented Product Doenjang against Staphylococcus aureus

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2319
Author(s):  
Klara Lalouckova ◽  
Lucie Mala ◽  
Petr Marsik ◽  
Eva Skrivanova
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Antibacterial Compound ◽  
Fermented Product ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry showed soyasaponin I and the isoflavones daidzein, genistein, and glycitein to be the main components of the methanolic extract of the Korean soybean fermented product doenjang, which is known to be a rich source of naturally occurring bioactive substances, at average contents of 515.40, 236.30, 131.23, and 29.00 ng/mg, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of doenjang against nine Staphylococcusaureus strains was determined in vitro by the broth microdilution method to investigate its potential to serve as an alternative antibacterial compound. The results suggest that the extract is an effective antistaphylococcal agent at concentrations of 2048–4096 µg/mL. Moreover, the tested extract also showed the ability to inhibit the growth of both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant animal and clinical S. aureus isolates. The growth kinetics of the chosen strains of S. aureus at the minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanolic extract of doenjang support the idea that the tested extract acts as an antibacterial compound. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antistaphylococcal action of the methanolic extract of doenjang thus, additional studies including in vivo testing are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

In Vitro Biocompatibility of a Heat -Sterilized, Low Toxic, and Less Acidic Fluid for Peritoneal Dialysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders P. Wieslander ◽  
Reinhold Deppisch ◽  
Eva Svensson ◽  
Gunita Forsbäck ◽  
Rose Speidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Glucose Degradation Products ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate a peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluid (PD-Bio), produced with the intention of reducing the amount of glucose degradation products and to increase the final pH. The heat sterilization of the fluid was performed with the glucose separated from the electrolytes. After sterilization the two solutions were combined. Methods The in vitro biocompatibility of PD-Bio was measured as the inhibition of cell growth of a cultured fibroblast cell line and as the stimulated release of interleukin-1β from cultured human mononuclear cells. The glucose degradation products were measured as UV absorbance at 228 nm or 284 nm and the concentration of aldehydes was estimated with high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Results Our results demonstrate that in comparison to conventional PD fluids the pH of PD-Bio was increased, to about 6.5. Due to less contaminating glucose degradation products in PD-Bio, basal cytotoxicity was significantly decreased for both 1.5% and 4% glucose-containing fluids, and the stimulated release of interleukin-1β was normalized compared to sterile filtered controls with the same pH. UV absorbance measured at 228 nm was decreased, whereas the absorbance at 284 nm was equal to that of a conventional fluid. In PD-Bio the concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methylglyoxal, and 2-furaldehyde were found to be below the detection limit, whereas glyoxal was present in the same and 5hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in higher concentrations than in conventionally produced PD fluid. Conclusions The results demonstrate that it is possible to improve biocompatibility of PD fluids by simply changing the way the fluid is produced.

Improvement of Hydroxyapatite Deposition on Titanium Dental Implant Using ArF Laser Ablation: Effect on Osteoblast Biocompatibility In Vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiya Hashimoto ◽  
Masanobu Kusunoki ◽  
Ryota Hatanaka ◽  
Keiko Hamano ◽  
Hiroaki Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Titanium Dental Implant ◽  
Bare Titanium ◽  
Mouse Osteoblast ◽  
Surface Conformation

To develop a better surface conformation of titanium dental implants, we examined the in vitro biocompatibility of a thin natural apatite (NA) film deposited by laser ablation. Thin (2000-Å) hydroxyapatite (HA) and NA films were deposited on titanium discs using an ArF excimer laser operating at a repletion rate of 10 Hz and annealed by heating at 360°C for 1 h. Energy dispersive analysis of the NA film revealed peaks of Na and Mg in addition Ca and P. X-ray diffraction showed that crystalline HA was present in the HA and NA films. Primary mouse osteoblast grew faster and had higher alkaline phosphatase activity when grown in NA films than on HA films or a bare titanium surface. In addition, osteocalsin production by these cells was higher on HA and NA than bare titanium, but there was no significant difference between cells grown on HA and NA. Thus surface modification with NA film may contribute to successful osteoblast function and differentiation at titanium interface.

scholarly journals Optimization of Bioactive Substances in the Wastes of Some Selective Mediterranean Crops

Beverages ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Kurtulbaş ◽  
Sibel Yazar ◽  
Dimitris Makris ◽  
Selin Şahin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Extraction Field ◽  
Mediterranean Plants ◽  
Mandarin Peel ◽  
Grapefruit Peel ◽  
Reflectance Ftir

Production of added products from industrial byproducts is a challenge for the current natural product industry and the extraction field more generally. Therefore, the aim of this study is to valorize the selected Mediterranean crops that can be applied as antioxidants, natural chelating agents, or even as biosolvents or biofuels after special treatment. In this study, the wastes of popular Mediterranean plants were extracted via homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE) by applying response surface methodology (RSM) to examine the effects of process parameters on the total biophenolic contents (TBCs) of their residues. Box–Behnken design model equations calculated for each system were found significant (p < 0.0001) with an adequate value of determination coefficient (R2). Olive leaf had the highest TBC content (58.62 mg-GAE/g-DW with 0.1 g sample, 42.5% ethanol at 6522.2 rpm for 2 min), followed by mandarin peel (27.79 mg-GAE/g-DW with 0.1 g sample, 34.24% ethanol at 8772 rpm for 1.99 min), grapefruit peel (21.12 mg-GAE/g-DW with 0.1 g sample, 42.33% ethanol at 5000 rpm for 1.125 min) and lemon peel (16.89 mg-GAE/g-DW with 0.1 g sample, 33.62% ethanol at 5007 rpm for 1.282 min). The antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured by several in vitro studies. The most prominent biophenols of the wastes were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fourier-transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were also used for characterization.

Tomographic and Topographic Investigation of Poly-D,L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide Microspheres Loaded with Prostaglandine E2 for Extended Drug Release Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Zehbe ◽  
Bernhard Watzer ◽  
Rainer Grupp ◽  
Sven Halstenberg ◽  
Heinrich Riesemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Wide Range

Polymeric, biodegradable microspheres represent a good reliable system to investigate the release of bioactive substances in both in vitro and in vivo applications. Common biomaterials for the synthesis of these microspheres are aliphatic polyesters of the poly(α-hydroxy)acids, especially poly-L-lactides (PLA) and polyglycolides (PGA) or their copolymers poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolides (PLGA). In our own previous studies we have developed PLGA microspheres with integrated PGE2 as model substance for a wide range of biomedical applications, especially in angiogenesis, fracture healing and cartilage repair. The synthesis is based on a binary solvent in water emulsion approach, where two different solvents are used to dissolve the active agent and the polymer, while being miscible in each other (CHCl3, ethyl acetate). Both, the degradation of the material and the release profiles were investigated using SEM and mass spectrometry coupled with gas- or high performance liquid chromatography. SEM and AFM measurements indicated a porous structure of the microspheres but could not resolve the true three dimensional structure of the microspheres. Therefore, synchrotron radiation-based µCT (SR-µCT) investigations were performed to link the release profile to the structural design of the microspheres. As a result, we were able to cross validate the experimental data from SEM and AFM with SR-µCT, demonstrating both micro-porosity and nano-porosity. The polymer itself appears to consist of 200 nm – 300 nm sized particles.

scholarly journals Phenolic Isomers from Plantago Catharinea Leaves: Isolation, Identification, Quantification and in Vitro Antioxidant Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mendes De Souza Mesquita ◽  
Claudia Quintino Da Rocha ◽  
Luiz Henrique Lima Affonso ◽  
Antonietta Cerulli ◽  
Sonia Piacente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Rare Sugar ◽  
Polyphenolic Acids ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

In this study we isolated two polyphenolic acids of m/z 639, called catharinol A and catharinol B, from Plantago catharinea L. (Plantaginaceae) leaves. Although presenting very similar structures, catharinol A showed higher antioxidant activity when compared with gallic acid and quercetin standards. These compounds are position isomers and present in their chemical structure the rare sugar D-allose. Molecules with similar constitution are known to have important biological activities such as antitumor and immunosuppressive. These compounds were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by mass spectrometry (FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). This work is the first study on the chemical composition of P. catharinea and encourages the production of Plantago species as a good source of bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals The study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of raw materials of Heliopsis helianthoides (l.) sweet

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Mariia Pavlenko-Badnaoui ◽  
Viktoriia Protska ◽  
Nadiia Burda ◽  
Iryna Zhuravel ◽  
Viktoriia Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Substances

Abstract Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we studied the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of bioactive substances in the roots, leaves, flowers and seeds of Heliopsis helianthoides. The results of our study showed the presence of 5 phenolic compounds in its roots, 4 phenolic compounds in its leaves, 10 phenolic compounds in its flowers and 8 phenolic compounds in its seeds. The highest content of identified compounds was found in the leaves of this plant – 3192.20±79.78 mg/kg. The dominating hydroxycinnamic acid was chlorogenic acid. This had its highest concentration (1537.21±38.43 mg/kg) in the Heliopsis helianthoides leaves. Among flavonoids, luteolin prevailed in the roots, apigenin-7-glucoside prevailed in the seeds and rutin prevailed in the leaves and flowers. Maximum rutin content (1426.64±35.67 mg/kg) was found in the Heliopsis helianthoides leaves. Antioxidant activity study in vitro uncovered the substantial antioxidant potential of bioactive substances (BASs) in all tested samples of the raw materials, being within the limits of 2.81-8.13 mg/g. Most active in this respect were Heliopsis helianthoides leaves. The obtained data indicate the feasibility of the development of new antioxidant active drugs on the basis of raw materials of Heliopsis helianthoides.

scholarly journals Onion Peel: Turning a Food Waste into a Resource

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Rita Celano ◽  
Teresa Docimo ◽  
Anna Lisa Piccinelli ◽  
Patrizia Gazzerro ◽  
Marina Tucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Onion Skin

Food waste is a serious problem for food processing industries, especially when it represents a loss of a valuable source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Increasing consumer demand for processed food poses the problem of minimizing waste by conversion into useful products. In this regard, onion (Allium cepa) waste consisting mainly of onion skin is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds. Here, we characterized the flavonoid profiles and biological activities of onion skin wastes of two traditional varieties with protected geographical indication (PGI), the red “Rossa di Tropea” and the coppery “Ramata di Montoro”, typically cultivated in a niche area in southern Italy. The phytochemical profiles of exhaustive extracts, characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry, revealed that flavonols and anthocyanins were the characteristic metabolite classes of onion skins. Quercetin, quercetin glucosides and their dimer and trimer derivatives, and, among anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-glucoside, were the most abundant bioactive compounds. The potential of onion skins was evaluated by testing several biological activities: ABTS/oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and in vitro alpha-glucosidase assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of the extracts and of their main compounds, respectively, and proliferative activity was evaluated by MTT assay on human fibroblasts. In the present study, by observing various biological properties of “Rossa di Tropea” and “Ramata di Montoro” onion-dried skins, we clearly indicated that this agricultural waste can provide bioactive molecules for multiple applications, from industrial to nutraceutical and cosmetical sectors.

scholarly journals Neural Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Regulate Neural Stem Cell Differentiation Through miR-9-Hes1 Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yuan ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Huili Chen ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chunhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Exosomes, a key element of the central nervous system microenvironment, mediate intercellular communication via horizontally transferring bioactive molecules. Emerging evidence has implicated exosomes in the regulation of neurogenesis. Recently, we compared the neurogenic potential of exosomes released from primary mouse embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and astrocyte-reprogrammed NSCs, and observed diverse neurogenic potential of those two exosome populations in vitro. However, the roles of NSC-derived exosomes on NSC differentiation and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we firstly demonstrated that NSC-derived exosomes facilitate the differentiation of NSCs and the maturation of both neuronal and glial cells in defined conditions. We then identified miR-9, a pro-neural miRNA, as the most abundantly expressed miRNA in NSC-derived exosomes. The silencing of miR-9 in exosomes abrogates the positive effects of NSC-derived exosomes on the differentiation of NSCs. We further identified Hes1 as miR-9 downstream target, as the transfection of Hes1 siRNA restored the differentiation promoting potential of NSC-derived exosomes after knocking down exosomal miR-9. Thus, our data indicate that NSC-derived exosomes facilitate the differentiation of NSCs via transferring miR-9, which sheds light on the development of cell-free therapeutic strategies for treating neurodegeneration.

Co-purification of bone resorbing activity and adenylate cyclase stimulating activity from human tumours associated with the humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chohei Shigeno ◽  
Itsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shegiharu Dokoh ◽  
Megumu Hino ◽  
Jun Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Bone Resorbing Activity

Abstract. We have partially purified a tumour factor capable of stimulating both bone resorption in vitro and cAMP accumulation in osteoblastic ROS 17/2 cells from three human tumours associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Purification of tumour factor by sequential acid urea extraction, gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography followed by analytical isoelectric focussing provided a basic protein (pI > 9.3) with a molecular weight of approximately 13 000 as a major component of the final preparation which retained both the two bioactivities. Bone resorbing activity and cAMP-increasing activity in purified factor correlated with each other. cAMP-increasing activity of the factor was heat- and acid-stable, but sensitive to alkaline ambient pH. Treatment with trypsin destroyed cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, human PTH-(3– 34) completely inhibited the cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. The results suggest that this protein factor, having its effects on both osteoclastic and osteoblastic functions, may be involved in development of enhanced bone resorption in some patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

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