scholarly journals Isolation of Two Bacterial Species from Argan Soil in Morocco Associated with Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Accumulation: Current Potential and Future Prospects for the Bio-Based Polymer Production

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1870
Author(s):  
Amina Aragosa ◽  
Valeria Specchia ◽  
Mariaenrica Frigione
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Sugar Fermentation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

The environmental issues caused by the impacts of synthetic plastics use and derived wastes are arising the attention to bio-based plastics, natural polymers produced from renewable resources, including agricultural, industrial, and domestic wastes. Bio-based plastics represent a potential alternative to petroleum-based materials, due to the insufficient availability of fossil resources in the future and the affordable low cost of renewable ones that might be consumed for the biopolymer synthesis. Among the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biopolymer has been synthesized and characterized with great interest due to its wide range of industrial applications. Currently, a wide number of bacterial species from soil, activated sludge, wastewater, industrial wastes, and compost have been identified as PHB producers. This work has the purpose of isolating and characterizing PHB-producing bacteria from the agricultural soil samples of Argania spinosa in the south region of Morocco where the plant species is endemic and preserved. During this research, four heat-resistant bacterial strains have been isolated. Among them, two species have been identified as endospore forming bacteria following the Schaffer-Fulton staining method with Malachite green and the Methylene blue method. Black intracellular granules have been appreciated in microscopy at 100× for both strains after staining with Sudan black B. The morphological and biochemical analyses of the isolates, including sugar fermentation and antibiotic susceptibility tests, preliminarily identified the strains 1B and 2D1 belonging to the genus Serratia and Proteus, respectively.

scholarly journals The Oleaginous Yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima Displays Killer Activity against Avian-Derived Pathogenic Bacteria

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Robert H. Hicks ◽  
Mauro Moreno-Beltrán ◽  
Deborah Gore-Lloyd ◽  
Christopher J. Chuck ◽  
Daniel A. Henk
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Killer Activity ◽  
Metschnikowia Pulcherrima ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
Yeast Interactions

Metschnikowia pulcherrima is a non-conventional yeast with potential to be used in biotechnological processes, especially those involving low-cost feedstock exploitation and biocontrol applications. The combination of traits that supports these industrial applications in M. pulcherrima also makes it an attractive option to study in the context of livestock health. In this study, we examined the specific interactions between M. pulcherrima and multiple avian pathogenic bacteria. We tested individual bacteria–yeast interactions and bacterial combinations in both solid and liquid media and in variable nutrient environments. Across multiple isolates of M. pulcherrima, we observed different levels of antimicrobial activity, varying from supporting the growth of competing bacteria through suppression and bacterial killing, and we found that these responses varied depending on the bacterial strains and media. We identified multiple molecular routes, including proteins produced by M. pulcherrima strains, that acted to control these microbial interactions. Furthermore, protein screening revealed that M. pulcherrima strains were induced to produce proteins specifically when exposed to bacterial strains, suggesting that fine-tuned mechanisms allow M. pulcherrima to function as a potential lynchpin in a microbial community.

scholarly journals Improvement Salt Tolerance of Safflower Plants by Endophytic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 38-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khulod A. Hemida ◽  
Amany M.M. Reyad
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Salt Tolerance

Salinity is one of the most dangerous environmental limiting factors of the plant productivity. A wide range of adaptation strategies is required to overcome salinity stress. However, such strategies seem to be long drawn and cost-intensive. It has been confirmed in recent years that plant growth promoting endophytes (PGPEs) that have the ability to further build a symbiotic association with their host to improve host plant salt tolerance. In our investigation try to improve plant salt tolerance using different species of endophytic bacteria. From the total eight endophytic bacterial species were isolated from root, stem, and leaf of Carthamustinctorius (safflower) plant, two isolates were capable of using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) as a sole nitrogen source, and they are of positive results for (ACC) deaminase activity and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. The bacterial isolates were identified using 16S ribosomal DNA technique as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus aerius and had accession numbers MG708176 and MG711593 respectively, by submitting their sequences in GenBank database. This study showed that the bacterial strains B. cereus and B. aerius are valuable biological plant growth promoters that could enhance salt tolerance in Safflower plants under 100, 200, and 300mMNaCl levels resulting in an increase in plant growth and ascorbate-glutathione redox cycle, in comparison with the non-inoculated controls. Our findings reported that the co-inoculation of the two selected endophytic bacteria strains were successfully isolated from Safflower seedlings significantly alleviated the harmful effects of salt stress, promoted plant growth and biomass yield.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Fabrication, Antibacterial Application and Cell Viability Studies of Modified Nonwoven Cotton Fabric

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahat Nawaz ◽  
Sayed Tayyab Raza Naqvi ◽  
Batool Fatima ◽  
Nazia Zulfiqar ◽  
Muhammad Umer Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Toxicity Assay

Abstract Nonwoven cotton fabric has been fabricated and designed for antibacterial applications using low cost and ecofriendly precursors. The treatment of fabric with alkali leads to formation of active sites. The surfaces were dip coated with silver nanaoparticles and chitosan. The surface was chlorinated in next step to transform amide (N-H) groups in chitosan into N-halamine (N-Cl). The modified and unmodified surfaces of the nonwoven cotton fabric have been characterized by FTIR, SEM, and XRD. The active chlorine loading is measured with iodine/ sodium thiosulphate. The antimicrobial activity and cell toxicity assay were carried out with and without modifications of nonwoven cotton fabric. The antimicrobial efficacies of loaded fabric were evaluated against four bacterial species (Micrococcus lutes, Staphylococcus aurea, Enterobacter aerogenes, and E.coli). It was found that modified fabric exhibited superior efficiency against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains as compared to their bulk counterparts upon exposure without destroying and affecting fabric nature. The overall process is economical for commercial purposes. The modified fabric can be used for antimicrobial, health, and food packaging industries, and in other biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Biotechnology of Rhodococcus for the production of valuable compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (20) ◽  
pp. 8567-8594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Cappelletti ◽  
Alessandro Presentato ◽  
Elena Piacenza ◽  
Andrea Firrincieli ◽  
Raymond J. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Versatility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Medical Relevance

Abstract Bacteria belonging to Rhodococcus genus represent ideal candidates for microbial biotechnology applications because of their metabolic versatility, ability to degrade a wide range of organic compounds, and resistance to various stress conditions, such as metal toxicity, desiccation, and high concentration of organic solvents. Rhodococcus spp. strains have also peculiar biosynthetic activities that contribute to their strong persistence in harsh and contaminated environments and provide them a competitive advantage over other microorganisms. This review is focused on the metabolic features of Rhodococcus genus and their potential use in biotechnology strategies for the production of compounds with environmental, industrial, and medical relevance such as biosurfactants, bioflocculants, carotenoids, triacylglycerols, polyhydroxyalkanoate, siderophores, antimicrobials, and metal-based nanostructures. These biosynthetic capacities can also be exploited to obtain high value-added products from low-cost substrates (industrial wastes and contaminants), offering the possibility to efficiently recover valuable resources and providing possible waste disposal solutions. Rhodococcus spp. strains have also recently been pointed out as a source of novel bioactive molecules highlighting the need to extend the knowledge on biosynthetic capacities of members of this genus and their potential utilization in the framework of bioeconomy. Key points • Rhodococcus possesses promising biosynthetic and bioconversion capacities. • Rhodococcus bioconversion capacities can provide waste disposal solutions. • Rhodococcus bioproducts have environmental, industrial, and medical relevance.

scholarly journals Pan-genome analysis provides much higher strain typing resolution than multi-locus sequence typing

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Hall ◽  
Garth D. Ehrlich ◽  
Fen Z. Hu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽  
Strain Typing ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Microarray Analyses

The most widely used DNA-based method for bacterial strain typing, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), lacks sufficient resolution to distinguish among many bacterial strains within a species. Here, we show that strain typing based on the presence or absence of distributed genes is able to resolve all completely sequenced genomes of six bacterial species. This was accomplished by the development of a clustering method, neighbour grouping, which is completely consistent with the lower-resolution MLST method, but provides far greater resolving power. Because the presence/absence of distributed genes can be determined by low-cost microarray analyses, it offers a practical, high-resolution alternative to MLST that could provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information for pathogenic bacterial species.

Experimental assessment of the noise characteristics of propellers for commercial drones

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. 4418-4425
Author(s):  
Han Wu ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Siyang Zhong ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Kunyu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Rotor Aerodynamics ◽  
Noise Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
The Status

Multi-copters or drones are engaged in a wide range of industrial applications for their flexibility, safety and low-cost. The noise emission is becoming an issue with the expanding applications, among which the propellers that drive the drones are the major sources of noise. In this work, the noise characteristics of small-scale propellers is experimentally investigated using the advanced rotor aerodynamics and aeroacoustics test platform in an anechoic chamber at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). The study will focus on the representative off-the-shelf propellers. The rotor noise will be measured by a linear array with 20 microphones, and the aerodynamic forces will be acquired by using the high-accuracy load cells. The dependence of both the tonal and broadband noise radiation with the thrust and rotation speed at various conditions will be tested. The study will enhance our understanding of the noise features of the multi-rotor powered drones, and will provide us with a better understanding of the status of the drone noise impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Advanced Wireless Sensor Networks for Sustainable Buildings Using Building Ducts

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Heekwon Yang ◽  
Byeol Kim ◽  
Joosung Lee ◽  
Yonghan Ahn ◽  
Chankil Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Packet Error Rate ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Transmission Delays ◽  
Wide Range

The communication technology ZigBee has been widely adopted in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for a wide range of industrial applications. However, although ZigBee provides low-power, low-cost mesh networking, it cannot guarantee steady and predictable network performance as channels are time-variant and highly attenuated by man-made obstacles. The networks also suffer from interference, especially in the important 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. These degraded channel characteristics increase the number of hops, thus increasing both the packet error rate and transmission delays. In this paper, we report the deployment of a ZigBee-based WSN inside an existing building duct system utilized for intelligent waste collection in an industrial environment. The Received Signal Strength (RSS) and path losses were measured, revealing that the duct communication channel acts as a very effective waveguide, providing a more reliable and consistent network performance than conventional free space channels.

Investigation of Wear Behaviour ZA 27 Using Bio-Lubricants

2014 ◽  
Vol 550 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Gemsprim ◽  
N. Babu ◽  
S. Parimala Murugaveni ◽  
P.R. Thyla
Keyword(s):  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Milling Machines ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Sliding Distance

— The Zinc–Aluminium (ZA) family of casting alloys are gaining wide commercial importance as journal bearing material for high load and low speed applications. These alloys, most notably ZA-27 is capable of replacing traditional bronze bearing at low cost. Recently, the ZA-27 alloy has been substituted for conventional journal bearing materials in a wide range of industrial applications. The journal bearings produced from these alloys have been used in earthmoving equipments, mining and milling machines, cable winches and compressors. The ZA-27 alloys and the bearings were also used in heavy and dusty environments such as underground machines, ore crashers and rock drills.The tribological properties of the ZA 27 alloy were tested using a Pin-on-Disc friction and wear tribotester.Sliding wear tests were performed using the tribotester by varying load, speed & sliding distance. The same tests are done with lubricating condition and also with bio lubricants. The Bio-lubrication is adopted in this work because of its biodegradability and eco-friendly nature. Especially the soya bean oil possess good lubrication properties. The wear rate of dry, base oil and bio lubricant oil condition were determined different applied load, speed and sliding distance compared with each other.

scholarly journals Simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms by the reverse line blot hybridization assay

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Ma ◽  
Huitian Gou ◽  
Xiaolin Sun ◽  
Zexiang Wang ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: As a widespread health pest, flies can carry more than 100 kinds of pathogenic microbes to threat human health, resulting in a wide range of disease infection and transmission. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive, reliable and rapid method for the simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms, in order to effectively prevent and control fly-borne bacterial diseases.Results: PCR-RLB method could directly and accurately detect fly-borne bacteria species corresponding of 7 species-specific probes. At the same time, the membrane binding oligonucleotide species-specific probes prepared in RLB detection technology can be reused for detection of bacteria after washing with 0.5 M EDTA, which greatly improves the detection efficiency. In 106 groups of samples, the numbers of samples carrying seven different bacterial strains were 2 (S. aureus), 52 (S. flexneri), 0 (A. caviae), 3% (V. vulnificus), 56 (S. enterica), 1 (P. vulgaris) and 33 (Y. enterocolitica), respectively. Their proportions of 7 bacterial strains carried by houseflies were 1.23% (S. aureus), 32.1% (S. flexneri), 0% (A. caviae), 1.85% (V. vulnificus), 34.57% (S. enterica), 0.62% (P. vulgaris) and 20.37% (Y. enterocolitica), respectively. It was found that the worse the hygienic condition, the higher the bacteria carrying rate of houseflies was. S. enterica, S. flexneri and Y. enterocolitica accounted for the overwhelming majority of the seven pathogenic strains carried by houseflies from four different environments in Lanzhou. This indicated that houseflies played an important role in the transmission of intestinal diseases, which was mainly related to the breeding and reproduction of houseflies in feces, carrion and food. S. aureus was carried by houseflies in the hospital area indicates that hospitals should do well in killing and controlling flies and further strengthen the prevention and control of fly-borne bacterial diseases. Conclusion: The RLB assay appeared to have potential clinical application in the simultaneous detection of fly-borne bacterial species.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions Using Low cost Materials-A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.2) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Padmaja ◽  
R. Bhavani ◽  
R. Pamila
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

With the onset of industrialization, a lot of anthropogenic sources of cadmium, including industrial emissions, application of fertilizers and sewage sludge to farm land has lead to the contamination of water bodies, and has increased cadmium uptake by agricultural crops, grown for human consumption. Cadmium when present, even at low concentrations may pose serious health as well as environmental hazards. The use of various materials has been widely investigated as a replacement of recent expensive methods for removing cadmium from water and wastewater. Plant based natural materials, agricultural products, nano materials and industrial wastes are efficiently used as low-cost adsorbents. Until now, most of the researchers have attempted to review the literature for multiple heavy metals. In the current review, an elaborate list of literature has been compiled to provide information on a wide range of natural as well as modified adsorbent materials for the removal of Cadmium from wastewater.

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