scholarly journals Influence of Mouthwash Rinsing on the Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Ligature Ties Used for Dental Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2236
Author(s):  
Aphinan Phukaoluan ◽  
Anak Khantachawana ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Phacharaphon Tunthawiroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Deformation Cycle ◽  
Microscopic Morphology ◽  
Dental Applications

Mouthwashes are used during dental treatments to mitigate the complications caused by poor oral hygiene. However, these solutions also affect the properties of dental appliances, including those used in orthodontics. This point has been investigated in this study focusing on the changes in mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties. Commercial ties from four brands were characterized in terms of their maximum forces and displacement, delivery forces, molecular structures, and microscopic morphology. These properties were compared against the ties, which were rinsed with commercial mouthwashes from three manufacturers. The results showed that mouthwash rinsing significantly reduced the maximum bearable forces of ligature ties by up to 73.1%, whereas the reduction in their maximum displacement was up to 74.5% across all tested brands. Significant changes in microscopic morphology of ligature ties were observed after mouthwash rinsing, but not their molecular structure. Furthermore, mouthwash rinsing also reduced the delivery forces from ligature ties by between 20.9 and 32.9% at their first deformation cycle. It can be concluded from this study that mouthwashes have significant impact on the mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties and could also potentially affect the overall efficacy of orthodontic and other dental treatments.

Effect of stress on the molecular structure and mechanical properties of supercontracted spider dragline silks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglin Dong ◽  
Guangqiang Fang ◽  
Yufang Huang ◽  
Linli Hu ◽  
Jinrong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures

Through studies on the molecular structures and mechanical properties of spider dragline silks undergoing different supercontraction processes, a further understanding on the spinning mechanism is achieved.

scholarly journals Association between Oral Hygiene and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2873
Author(s):  
Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso ◽  
Fera Ketti ◽  
Taufan Bramantoro ◽  
Judit Zsuga ◽  
Attila Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Emerging evidence has linked poor oral hygiene to metabolic syndrome (MetS), but previously, no summary of evidence has been conducted on the topic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the associations of oral hygiene status and care with MetS. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to March 17, 2021, and examination of reference lists was conducted to identify eligible observational studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool the effects of oral hygiene status and care on MetS. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and had sufficient methodological quality. Good oral hygiene status (OR = 0.30 (0.13–0.66); I2 = 91%), frequent tooth brushing (OR = 0.68 (0.58–0.80); I2 = 89%), and frequent interdental cleaning (OR = 0.89 (0.81–0.99); I2 = 27%) were associated with a lower risk of MetS. Only one study examined the association between dental visits and MetS (OR = 1.10 (0.77–1.55)). Our findings suggested that there might be inverse associations of oral hygiene status, tooth-brushing frequency, and interdental cleaning with MetS. However, substantial heterogeneity for tooth-brushing frequency and inconsistent results for oral hygiene status in subgroup analyses were observed. There was insufficient evidence for the association between dental visits and MetS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate these associations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Poor Oral Hygiene among School-Going Students in Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Javzan Badarch ◽  
Suvd Batbaatar ◽  
Edit Paulik
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Health Promotion

Brushing at least twice a day is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of dental caries and oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of poor oral hygiene in Mongolian school-going students. A secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the 2013 Mongolian Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) was performed. In the survey, a questionnaire was completed by 5393 students aged 12–16 years old. The prevalence of poor oral hygiene and its association with some independent variables were analyzed by frequency distribution, chi-squared test, and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of poor oral hygiene was 33%. In the multivariate analysis, male students, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, parents’ smoking, being exposed to second-hand smoke, poor parental supervision and connectedness, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior were significantly associated with poor oral hygiene. Meanwhile, students who ate fast food and drank carbonated soft drink were found to be less likely to be poor tooth-brushers in 2013. Various determinants were identified in connection with poor oral hygiene. Based on these findings, it is recommended that an oral health promotion program should be combined with general health promotion and lifestyle intervention programs for this target population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of clinical performance and survival rate of Straumann dental implants in Saudi Population based on cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham AL Jasser ◽  
Mohammed AlSarhan ◽  
Dalal Alotaibi ◽  
Saleh Aloraini ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keratinized Tissue

AbstractRisk indicators of peri-implantitis is still contradictory and somehow unclear in present literature therefore efforts should be done for better understanding of the exact etiology of peri-implant disease progression. The present study aimed to assess risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis by observing the changes in several periodontal parameters after implant placement. This cross-sectional study included 213 female and 271 male patients aged 26–87 years, who received 484 titanium implants (Straumann, Switzerland) at King Saud University’s Dental College, Saudi Arabia. Patients were called for dental visits. During these visits; full clinical and radiographic assessment of implants were done. The periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was greater around implants placed at grafted sites than non-grafted sites and around bone-level implants than tissue-level implants. The plaque index (PI) was associated with poor oral hygiene. There was a strong association between graft (yes/no) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Patients with good oral hygiene showed high radiographic bone stability. Keratinized tissue width < 2 mm was associated with a higher PPD, higher PI, higher BOP, more edematous gingiva, and more exposed implant threads on radiography. In patients receiving implants, poor oral hygiene status and inadequate keratinized tissue level can be proposed as risk indicators for developing periimplantitis due to strong association found between them and developments of peri-implantitis.

scholarly journals Assessment of Mechanical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Ti-Nb-Zr Alloy for Medical Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Viktoria Hoppe ◽  
Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Rusińska ◽  
Bogdan Dybała ◽  
Dominik Poradowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Alloy Base ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
13Zr Alloy ◽  
Dental Applications

The purpose of this work is to obtain comprehensive reference data of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy base material: its microstructure, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. In order to obtain extensive information on the tested materials, a number of examination methods were used, including SEM, XRD, and XPS to determine the phases occurring in the material, while mechanical properties were verified with static tensile, compression, and bending tests. Moreover, the alloy’s corrosion resistance in Ringer’s solution and the cytotoxicity were investigated using the MTT test. Studies have shown that this alloy has the structure α’, α, and β phases, indicating that parts of the β phase transformed to α’, which was confirmed by mechanical properties and the shape of fractures. Due to the good mechanical properties (E = 84.1 GPa), high corrosion resistance, as well as the lack of cytotoxicity on MC3T3 and NHDF cells, this alloy meets the requirements for medical implant materials. Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy can be successfully used in implants, including bone tissue engineering products and dental applications.

scholarly journals Dental Applications of Carbon Nanotubes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4423
Author(s):  
Marco A. Castro-Rojas ◽  
Yadira I. Vega-Cantu ◽  
Geoffrey A. Cordell ◽  
Aida Rodriguez-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
The Status ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Dental Applications

Glass ionomer cements and resin-based composites are promising materials in restorative dentistry. However, their limited mechanical properties and the risk of bulk/marginal fracture compromise their lifespan. Intensive research has been conducted to understand and develop new materials that can mimic the functional behavior of the oral cavity. Nanotechnological approaches have emerged to treat oral infections and become a part of scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Carbon nanotubes are promising materials to create multifunctional platforms for dental applications. This review provides a comprehensive survey of and information on the status of this state-of-the-art technology and describes the development of glass ionomers reinforced with carbon nanotubes possessing improved mechanical properties. The applications of carbon nanotubes in drug delivery and tissue engineering for healing infections and lesions of the oral cavity are also described. The review concludes with a summary of the current status and presents a vision of future applications of carbon nanotubes in the practice of dentistry.

scholarly journals Association between infection with Campylobacter species, poor oral health and environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer: a hospital-based case–control study in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arisara Poosari ◽  
Thitima Nutravong ◽  
Prakasit Sa-ngiamwibool ◽  
Wises Namwat ◽  
Supaporn Chatrchaiwiwatana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thailand. Thus, this study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population of Thailand. Methods Data from a case–control study were collected from 105 newly diagnosed EC cases and 105 controls recruited from 2007 to 2017. Infection with Campylobacter spp. was detected in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of EC taken from gastroesophageal biopsy specimens obtained from the participants, and evaluated using TaqMan® real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and perform data analysis. Results Smoking, alcohol use, a family history of cancer, history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection were shown to be significant risk factors for EC (p  <  0.05). The combination of poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. constituted significant risk for EC (p  <  0.001). In addition, the risk of EC in subjects co-infected with C. rectus and C. concisus that practiced poor oral hygiene was even higher and was significant (ORadj  =  4.7; 95% CI 2.41–9.98; p  =  0.003). Conclusions In Thailand, the major risk factors for EC are smoking status, alcohol drinking, family history of cancer, GERD, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection. This study found Campylobacter spp. prevalence to be associated with EC and appears to be enhanced by poor oral hygiene, suggesting that a combination of poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter species infection may together act as an important etiological risk factor for EC.

scholarly journals Cribellate thread production as model for spider’s spinneret kinematics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Weissbach ◽  
Marius Neugebauer ◽  
Anna-Christin Joel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Fibre Spinning ◽  
House Spider

AbstractSpider silk attracts researchers from the most diverse fields, such as material science or medicine. However, still little is known about silk aside from its molecular structure and material strength. Spiders produce many different silks and even join several silk types to one functional unit. In cribellate spiders, a complex multi-fibre system with up to six different silks affects the adherence to the prey. The assembly of these cribellate capture threads influences the mechanical properties as each fibre type absorbs forces specifically. For the interplay of fibres, spinnerets have to move spatially and come into contact with each other at specific points in time. However, spinneret kinematics are not well described though highly sophisticated movements are performed which are in no way inferior to the movements of other flexible appendages. We describe here the kinematics for the spinnerets involved in the cribellate spinning process of the grey house spider, Badumna longinqua, as an example of spinneret kinematics in general. With this information, we set a basis for understanding spinneret kinematics in other spinning processes of spiders and additionally provide inspiration for biomimetic multiple fibre spinning.

scholarly journals Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Nanocellulose: Structure and Chemical Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. V. Lee ◽  
S. B. A. Hamid ◽  
S. K. Zain
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Cellulose Crystallinity ◽  
Biomass Recalcitrance ◽  
Cellulose Accessibility ◽  
High Cellulose

Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex biopolymer that is primary composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The presence of cellulose in biomass is able to depolymerise into nanodimension biomaterial, with exceptional mechanical properties for biocomposites, pharmaceutical carriers, and electronic substrate’s application. However, the entangled biomass ultrastructure consists of inherent properties, such as strong lignin layers, low cellulose accessibility to chemicals, and high cellulose crystallinity, which inhibit the digestibility of the biomass for cellulose extraction. This situation offers both challenges and promises for the biomass biorefinery development to utilize the cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass. Thus, multistep biorefinery processes are necessary to ensure the deconstruction of noncellulosic content in lignocellulosic biomass, while maintaining cellulose product for further hydrolysis into nanocellulose material. In this review, we discuss the molecular structure basis for biomass recalcitrance, reengineering process of lignocellulosic biomass into nanocellulose via chemical, and novel catalytic approaches. Furthermore, review on catalyst design to overcome key barriers regarding the natural resistance of biomass will be presented herein.

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