scholarly journals Organosolv Lignin Barrier Paper Coatings from Waste Biomass Resources

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4443
Author(s):  
Gregor Lavrič ◽  
Aleksandra Zamljen ◽  
Janja Juhant Grkman ◽  
Edita Jasiukaitytė-Grojzdek ◽  
Miha Grilc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the study was to isolate lignin from organosolv, beech tree (Fagus sylvatica), and Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), to use it for paper surface and to replace part of the non-renewable product resources with bio-based ones. A total of nine coated samples with different lignin formulations and starch were compounded, prepared, and evaluated. The basic (grammage, thickness, specific density), mechanical (elongation at break, tensile, burst and tear indices), and barrier properties (contact angle, water penetration, water vapour permeability, kit test) of the coated papers were investigated. The analysis showed no significant difference in tensile properties between uncoated and coated samples. Furthermore, the decrease in water vapour transmission rate and the lower contact angle for coated samples were nevertheless confirmed. The novel coating materials show promising products with very good barrier properties. Finally, the correlation between structural, morphological, and (other) natural lignin-based factors was revealed, highlighting the importance of parameters such as the equivalence ratio of aliphatic and phenolic hydroxyl groups or the average molecular weight. Tuning functionality by design could optimise performance in the future.

scholarly journals The influence of PCL-ZnO coating composition on coated offset cardboard prints

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Cigula ◽  
◽  
Tomislav Hudika ◽  
Mihael Katana ◽  
Marina Golik Krizmanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Colour Difference ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Uncoated Paper

The most significant printing branch in these days is packaging printing. Packaging must primarily preserve the product from damaging, but at the same time must attract the consumers to be picked up from the shelf in the store. To ensure protective and aesthetic role of the packaging the prints are commonly coated with varnishes which will improve visual, mechanical, surface, and optical properties. In this paper a coating composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and nanoscale ZnO was used to coat the offset prints on the cardboard. The coatings were prepared by adding various weight amounts of the ZnO nanoparticles (weight ratios of 0.1, 0.5 and 1%) into the mixture of PCL and ethyl-acetate. The coatings were applied onto prepared offset prints. The prints were evaluated before and after coating process by determining colour coordinates, print gloss, water vapour permeability and by calculating colour difference. The results showed that on the uncoated paper coating with prepared OVPs did not affect the colour reproduction outside acceptable tolerance levels, except for magenta coated with w(ZnO) = 0.5 and 1%. The coating with prepared coatings caused almost none change of print gloss on uncoated paper, but increased the print gloss on coated paper. The water-vapor permeability was lowered on both investigated paper types but on the uncoated paper the addition of ZnO nanoparticles decreased barrier properties in comparison to the coating composed of only PCL. Increasing the mass of added ZnO increases barrier properties of the print on both investigated cardboards. To conclude, this research has proved applicability of the PCL-ZnO coatings as a OVP on cardboard offset prints as it did not highly influenced colour reproduction but had decreased water vapour transmission rate. On the coated paper/cardboard one must take into account the increased colour difference of magenta and chose the ink to be closer to the target values at the beginning. In addition, to further investigate applicability in the packaging printing, further research should include investigation of resistance to ink fading in the ageing process, bending tests, adhesion etc.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Composite for Active Food Packaging Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.30) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Abdul Razak ◽  
H. Basri
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Chitosan Film ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Active Food Packaging

Chitosan-zinc oxide (C-ZnO) films were prepared by a simple one pot procedure. In order to investigate the property of C-ZnO films, two composite films were prepared by varying the loading of ZnO and compared with pure chitosan film (C). The films were characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, DSC, tensile, contact angle and water vapour permeability. FTIR analysis showed changes in hydrogen bonds band at 3351 cm-1 compared to pure chitosan film. The incorporation of ZnO in chitosan films increased the contact angle by 30.5% in C-ZnO1.0 film while water vapour transmission rate decreased by 7.8% compared to C film. From the tensile test, C-ZnO0.5 and C-ZnO1.0 films were found to be much superior by 1.5 times and 2.5 times respectively compared to bare chitosan film. Larger inhibition ring (by 47%) was exhibited by C-ZnO1.0 as compared to C-ZnO0.5 when tested against S.aureus. From the results, it is displayed that the incorporation of zinc oxide to chitosan improve their properties which also shown the potential to become a candidate for food active packaging.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of K-Carrageenan/Nanosilica Biocomposite Film

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lokesh R. Rane ◽  
Niranjan R. Savadekar ◽  
Pravin G. Kadam ◽  
Shashank T. Mhaske
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Water Vapour Transmission Rate ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study is to improve the performance properties of K-carrageenan (K-CRG) by utilizing nanosilica (NSI) as the reinforcing agent. The composite films were prepared by solution casting method. NSI was added up to 1.5% in the K-CRG matrix. The prepared films were characterized for mechanical (tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis), barrier (water vapour transmission rate), morphological (scanning electron microscopy), contact angle, and crystallinity properties. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, and crystallinity were found to have increased by 13.8, 15, and 48% whereas water vapour transmission rate was found to have decreased by 48% for 0.5% NSI loaded K-CRG composite films. NSI was found to have formed aggregates for concentrations above 0.5% as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Melting temperature, enthalpy of melting, and degradation temperature of K-CRG increased with increase in concentration of NSI in K-CRG. Contact angle also increased with increase in concentration of NSI in K-CRG, indicating the decrease in hydrophilicity of the films improving its water resistance properties. This knowledge of the composite film could make beneficial contributions to the food and pharmaceutical packaging applications.

scholarly journals Fundamental Investigations Regarding Barrier Properties of Grafted PVOH Layers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Schmid ◽  
Andreas Benz ◽  
Camelia Stinga ◽  
Daniel Samain ◽  
Klaus Peter Zeyer
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Water Vapour Transmission Rate ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
Water Vapour Barrier

The current work focuses on fundamental investigations regarding the barrier properties of grafted PVOH layers produced by the Transfer Method. The layers (or papers) used for the different experiments were produced and grafted during the course of this work. Papers with different types of PVOH (different Mowiol types) were produced by coating. Experiments using different parameters (temperature, reaction duration, and concentration) were performed using the Transfer Method. Contact angle measurements and Cobb60measurements were carried out on the grafted and untreated PVOH layers. Furthermore, the water vapour transmission rate of the PVOH layers was determined. The results of this work showed that the method of chromatogeny or chromatogenic chemistry improves the water vapour barrier properties of grafted PVOH layers enormously.

scholarly journals Application of acrylic-based coatings for concrete protection

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 05011
Author(s):  
Aleksander Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Coating Performance ◽  
Artificial Weathering ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Acrylic Coatings

The paper presents a description of acrylic-based polymers used in civil engineering for concrete protection. Some information on chemistry and properties of the acrylic coatings is included together with current trends in coating technology. Moreover, the paper shows test results, that is barrier properties and SEM observations of a commercial elastic acrylic-based polymer subject to artificial weathering for 1000h. The studies showed that the weathering did not change carbon dioxide permeability of the tested coating and its influence on water vapour permeability of the material was also very small. The test results show that an assessment of coating performance based only on barrier properties is not enough.

Preparation and Characterization of Plasma-Treated Porous Poly(glycerol sebacate) Scaffolds

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
Tharinee Theerathanagorn ◽  
Boonlom Thavornyutikarn ◽  
Wanida Janvikul
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Sebacic Acid ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Water Contact

In this study, poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) was initially synthesized via condensation polymerization of glycerol and sebacic acid at equimolar ratio (1:1) at 130°C for 24 h. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the resulting polymer determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was about 2800 g/mol. Porous PGS scaffolds were subsequently prepared by a particle-leaching technique. NaCl was added into the polymer at 60-90% w/w; the mixtures were cured in Teflon molds at 140°C for 16 h. The porous scaffolds were further subjected to surface treatment with low pressure oxygen plasma to increase surface carboxyl and hydroxyl groups and thereby enhance hydrophilicity of PGS scaffold surface. The surface morphology and wettability of both untreated PGS and plasma-treated PGS scaffolds were comparatively determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle measurement, respectively. A considerable decrease in water contact angle was observed on the PGS scaffolds after the plasma treatment. The surface chemistry, mechanical strength and degree of swelling of the PGS scaffolds were also assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and swelling measurement, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of the Addition of Essential Oils and Functional Extracts of Clove on Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan-Based Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Reyes-Chaparro ◽  
Nestor Gutierrez-Mendez ◽  
Erika Salas-Muñoz ◽  
Juan Guillermo Ayala-Soto ◽  
David Chavez-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Chitosan Film ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Chitosan Films ◽  
Positive Effect

Mechanical and barrier properties of chitosan films prepared with essential oils of clove and functional extract were studied. The films made with functional extracts (esters E6and E7) presented the significant increment of extensibility compared with the untreated chitosan films. In the case of punction test, the films made with the esters E6and E7resisted more the applied strength before tearing up compared with the chitosan control film (without any treatment). Thermogravimetric analysis values were determined for the chitosan control film and chitosan film treated with clove essential oil obtaining 112.17°C and 176.73°C, respectively. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine their morphology by analyzing their surfaces and phase arrangement; AFM was also used to observe the porosity in chitosan-based antimicrobial films and the chitosan films incorporating functional extracts. The water vapour permeability (WVP) data showed that incorporating the functional extract to the formulation of films has a positive effect on water vapour barrier properties. In general, the incorporation of essential oils and functional extract of clove at 20% in chitosan films caused microstructural changes that were dependent on the different affinity of components.

Effect of environmentally friendly plasma treatment on microfibre fabrics to improve some comfort properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan G. ◽  
Prakash C. ◽  
Janani G.
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties. Design/methodology/approach The plasma treated and untreated fabrics were dyed using reactive dyes and evaluated for comfort properties such as wicking, water vapour permeability and air permeability. Findings The various comfort properties of plasma treated and an untreated Tencel microfibre fabric have been studied. The wicking results showed a significant reduction in wicking time for plasma treated fabrics compared to untreated fabrics. The test results for water vapour permeability show no significant difference between plasma treated and untreated fabrics. The plasma treated samples show higher air permeability than untreated samples. In the wetting test, it is clearly seen that the plasma treated samples absorbed the water at a faster rate. Originality/value This research investigates plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties.

scholarly journals Xylan Hemicellulose: A Renewable Material with Potential Properties for Food Packaging Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13504
Author(s):  
Petronela Nechita ◽  
Roman Mirela ◽  
Florin Ciolacu
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Coated Papers ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Renewable Material

Xylan hemicelluloses are considered the second most abundant class of polysaccharides after cellulose which has good natural barrier properties necessary for foods packaging papers and films. Xylan exists today as a natural polymer, but its utilisation in packaging applications is limited and not sufficiently analysed. In this study, the performances of hardwood xylan hemicellulose in forming uniform films and as biopolymer for paper coatings were analysed. The xylan-coated paper and film samples were tested regarding their water, air, and water vapour permeability, water solubility, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Structural analyses of xylan hemicelluloses emphasised a high number of hydroxyl groups with high water affinity. This affects the functional properties of xylan-coated papers but can facilitate the chemical modification of xylan in order to improve their hydrophobic properties and extend their areas of application. The obtained results unveil a promising starting point for using this material in food packaging applications as a competitive and sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polymers.

scholarly journals Methylation of guar gum for improving mechanical and barrier properties of biodegradable packaging films

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Tripathi ◽  
Rupali Ambolikar ◽  
Sumit Gupta ◽  
Dheeraj Jain ◽  
Jitendra Bahadur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Gradual Improvement

Abstract Improving functional properties of biopolymers for use as environment friendly packaging is an area of current interest. Biodegradable films with improved barrier and mechanical properties were prepared from methylated guar gum. Methylation resulted in structural modification of guar gum (GG) promoting greater crystallization thereby enhancing thermal stability towards decomposition. Reduction in radius of gyration (Rg), weight average molecular weight (Mw), and an increase in polydispersity index (PDI) were also observed due to methylation. Methylated guar gum (MGG) films exhibited 40% lower water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) as compared to control purified guar gum (PGG) films. Films prepared by partial replacement of PGG with MGG (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% w/w) showed gradual improvement in percent elongation. The study gives an insight on the role of methylation in enhancing barrier and mechanical properties of GG based biodegradable films for possible application in food packaging.

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