Glass Powder Additive on Recycled Polypropylene Filaments: A Sustainable Material in 3D Printing

This study aimed to characterize the effect of a glass powder additive on recycled polypropylene (rPP) materials from food packaging to be used as filaments in material extrusion (MEX) 3D printing applications. The composite filaments studied were rPP filaments with glass powder (GP) additive in the 2.5%, 5%, and 10% fractions. As a baseline, the filaments made of pure virgin PP and rPP without additive were used. The filament that has been successfully made is then printed into a tensile test specimen and an impact test to observe its mechanical properties. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization was also carried out to determine the effect of chemical bonding and thermal characterization using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of FTIR characterization on the sample rPP + 10% do not show a typical peak shift of PP, but give rise to new peaks at wavenumbers of 1000 cm−1 (Si-O-Na), 890 cm−1 (Si-H) and 849 cm−1 (O-Si-O), which indicate the typical peaks of the glass constituent compounds. In the thermal characteristics, the addition of GP shows the improved stability of mass changes to heat and increases the melting temperature of rPP. The ultimate tensile strength and Young’s modulus for rPP-based specimens with 10% GP additive showed an increase of 38% and 42% compared to PP specimens. In addition to the improved mechanical strength, the addition of GP also reduces the bending deformation, which can be well controlled, and reduces curvature, which is a problem in semicrystalline polymer-based filaments.

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Thermal Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1123.303 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1123 ◽

pp. 303-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Akhmad Zainal Abidin ◽

Hafis Pratama Rendra Graha

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Cellulose ◽

Melting Temperature ◽

Healing Process ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Fermentation Medium ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Regeneration Rate

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer which can be produced from various substrates easily found in Indonesia. Bacterial cellulose is believed to be a promising and cost effective bone scaffold in which a bone regeneration rate enhanced so the healing process is faster. In this experiment, Bacterial Cellulose (BC)/ Polyvin y l Alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite was made to give a further improvement in the properties. This nanocomposite was made thorough BC biosynthesis in Gluconacetobacter xylinus fermentation medium that was modified by addition of PVA. The PVA concentrations were varied as 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 % w of fermentation medium. The culture had been agitated by magnetic stirrer for 28 days before freeze drying method was conducted to obtain dry BC/PVA nanocomposite. The product of BC/PVA nanocomposite was then studied for thermal characteristics using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA). Pure BC has melting temperature (Tm) at 350 . 3oC and pure PVA at 181 . 3oC. Experimental results showed that the higher PVA content in fermentation medium decreased the melting temperature of BC/PVA nanocomposite produced.

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Thermal Characterization of the Interaction of Silanes with a Dihydroxy Vulcanized Fluoroelastomer

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3547965 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 765-782

Author(s):

Michael Benjamin Sands ◽

Vijay Subramanian ◽

Guangzhao Mao

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Peak Shift ◽

Amine Group ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Lower Temperature ◽

Bisphenol Af

Abstract The reactivity of aminosilane and vinylsilane with a dihydroxy (Bisphenol AF) crosslinkable fluoroelastomer containing only vinylidene fluoride (VF2) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) was monitored using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The DSC results showed that the introduction of an aminosilane, or a combination of aminosilane and vinylsilane solutions, to the cure system of the fluoroelastomer resulted in a peak shift. This shift indicates that crosslinking in fluoroelastomer-silane system occurs at a lower temperature when aminosilane is present. Results also confirm that the organofunctional group on the silane reacts with the elastomer. XPS analysis of the silane-coated fluoroelastomer heated at 120 °C, 160 °C and 200 °C reveals that dehydrofluorination of the polymer is one of the steps in the reaction. It is our hypothesis that the amine group on the aminosilane is a contributor to the dehydrofluorination of the fluoroelastomer.

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Nanocarbon/Poly(Lactic) Acid for 3D Printing: Effect of Fillers Content on Electromagnetic and Thermal Properties

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12152369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (15) ◽

pp. 2369 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Giovanni Spinelli ◽

Patrizia Lamberti ◽

Vincenzo Tucci ◽

Rumiana Kotsilkova ◽

Evgeni Ivanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Electromagnetic Interference ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Polymer Nanocomposite ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Thermal Dissipation ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Weight Percentage ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Electromagnetic and thermal properties of a non-conventional polymer nanocomposite based on thermoplastic Polylactic acid (PLA, Ingeo™) filled, in different weight percentage, with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), as well as a mixture of both fillers (MWCNTs/GNPs), are analyzed. The combination of notable electrical, thermal, and electromagnetic (EM) properties of the carbon fillers, in concentrations above the percolation threshold, together with the good processability of the PLA matrix gives rise to innovative filaments for 3D printing. In particular, the shielding efficiency (SE) in the frequency range 26–37 GHz of samples increases from 0.20 dB of unfilled PLA up to 13.4 dB for composites containing MWCNTs and GNPs, corresponding to 4% and 95% of SE, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the PLA loaded with 12 wt % of GNPs is 263% higher than that of the unfilled polymer, whereas an improvement of about 99% and 190% is detected for the PLA matrix loaded with MWCNTs and both fillers, respectively. The EM and thermal characterization is combined with a morphological investigation allowing us to correlate the dispersion states of the fillers within the polymer matrix with the observed EM and thermal properties. The EM and thermal characteristics exhibited by the nanocomposites make them suitable for packaging applications of electronic devices with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and thermal dissipation features.

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Study on Thermal Behavior of Some Biocompatible and Biodegradable Materials Based on Plasticized PLA, Chitosan, and Rosemary Ethanolic Extract

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2020/4269792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Cornelia Vasile ◽

Niță Tudorachi ◽

Traian Zaharescu ◽

Raluca Nicoleta Darie-Nita ◽

Catalina Natalia Cheaburu-Yilmaz

Keyword(s):

Thermal Behavior ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Rosemary Extract ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Efficient Protection ◽

Ft Ir

Thermal characterization of some multifunctional environmentally friendly materials based on plasticized poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/chitosan (CS) and rosemary extract (R) previously obtained is presented. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) associated with other complex investigations such as chemiluminescence and coupled thermogravimetry (TG)/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)/mass spectroscopy (MS) was performed in order to test both the thermal behavior and the biocomposition–property relationship. It was established that the rosemary ethanolic extract offers an efficient protection against thermoxidative degradation to the new developed plasticized PLA-based biocomposites which show good thermal properties, being suitable for both medical and food packaging applications.

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Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705719878226 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 089270571987822

Author(s):

Saud Aldajah ◽

Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽

Waseem Siddique ◽

Mohammad M Kabir ◽

Yousef Haik

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Three Point Bending ◽

Twin Screw ◽

Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

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The effect of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) incorporation in ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer (EPDM): a thermal study

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry ◽

10.1007/s10973-021-10994-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ignazio Blanco ◽

Traian Zaharescu

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ◽

Dsc Analysis ◽

Γ Irradiation ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Ethylene Propylene ◽

Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽

Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer ◽

Dynamic Heating

AbstractA series of ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer (EPDM)/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) composites at different percentage of POSS were prepared and subjected to γ-irradiation. Both irradiated and non-irradiated EPDM and composites were investigated by the means of thermal analysis to verify if the presence of POSS molecules is able to reduce the oxidation level of free radicals generated during the degradation and to evaluate the effects of the irradiation. EPDM composites at 1, 3 and 5 mass% of POSS were thus degraded in a thermogravimetric (TG) balance in dynamic heating conditions (25–700 °C), in both inert and oxidative atmosphere by flowing nitrogen and air respectively. Thermal characterization was then completed by carrying out Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis from sub-ambient to better highlight the melting of the polymer and polymer composites occurring just above the room temperature. FTIR spectroscopy was also performed for the prepared samples to check the presence of the molecular filler in the composites and for the TG’s residue at 700 °C, in order to evaluate its nature. DSC and TGA parameters were detected and discussed to have information about the effect of the degradation’s environment, the effect of irradiation on polymer stabilization and the effect of POSS content in the polymer matrix.

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Comprehensive Thermal Characteristics of Different Cultivars of Flaxseed Oil (Linum usittatissimum L.)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26071958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 1958

Author(s):

Jolanta Tomaszewska-Gras ◽

Mahbuba Islam ◽

Liliana Grzeca ◽

Anna Kaczmarek ◽

Emilia Fornal

Keyword(s):

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Heating Rate ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Principal Component ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Total Oxidation ◽

Increasing Temperature ◽

Linear Correlations

The aim of this study was to describe the thermal properties of selected cultivars of flaxseed oil by the use of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The crystallization and melting profiles were analyzed depending on different scanning rates (1, 2, 5 °C/min) as well as oxidative induction time (OIT) isothermally at 120 °C and 140 °C, and oxidation onset temperatures (Ton) at 2 and 5 °C/min were measured. The crystallization was manifested as a single peak, differing for a cooling rate of 1 and 2 °C/min. The melting curves were more complex with differences among the cultivars for a heating rate of 1 and 2 °C/min, while for 5 °C/min, the profiles did not differ, which could be utilized in analytics for profiling in order to assess the authenticity of the flaxseed oil. Moreover, it was observed that flaxseed oil was highly susceptible to thermal oxidation, and its stability decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing heating rate. Significant negative linear correlations were found between unsaturated fatty acid content (C18:2, C18:3 n-3) and DSC parameters (OIT, Ton). Principal component analysis (PCA) also established a strong correlation between total oxidation value (TOTOX), peroxide value (PV) and all DSC parameters of thermo-oxidative stability.

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Structural, thermal and electrical properties of composites electrolytes (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) for fuel cell with advanced electrode

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-020-04097-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Deshraj Singh ◽

Pawan Kumar ◽

Jitendra Singh ◽

Dharm Veer ◽

Aravind Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽

Conducting Material ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Milling Method ◽

Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽

Properties Of Composites

AbstractComposites proton conducting material based on cesium dihydrogen phosphate (CDP) doped with zirconium oxide (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 were synthesized with different concentration having in the range such as x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 by ball milling method. The prepared solid acid composites were dried at 150 °C for 6 h. Structural and thermal characterization of solid acid composite proton electrolytes were carried out by X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy respectively. Phase transition of the prepared materials was carried out by using differential scanning calorimetry and conductivity was measured by LC Impedance meter in the range 1 Hz to 400 kHz. The ionic conductivity of ZrO2 doped CsH2PO4 (CDP) was increased up to 1.3 × 10–2 S cm−1 at the 280 °C under environment atmospheric humidification which showed high stability as compared to pure CsH2PO4 (CDP). This obtaining result would be useful for establishing and design the next generation fuel cell.

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3D-Printed Nanocellulose-Based Cushioning–Antibacterial Dual-Function Food Packaging Aerogel

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3543

Author(s):

Wei Zhou ◽

Jiawei Fang ◽

Shuwei Tang ◽

Zhengguo Wu ◽

Xiaoying Wang

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Dual Function ◽

Printing Technology ◽

E Coli ◽

3D Printing Technology ◽

The Core ◽

3D Printed

Cushioning and antibacterial packaging are the requirements of the storage and transportation of fruits and vegetables, which are essential for reducing the irreversible quality loss during the process. Herein, the composite of carboxymethyl nanocellulose, glycerin, and acrylamide derivatives acted as the shell and chitosan/AgNPs were immobilized in the core by using coaxial 3D-printing technology. Thus, the 3D-printed cushioning–antibacterial dual-function packaging aerogel with a shell–core structure (CNGA/C–AgNPs) was obtained. The CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel had good cushioning and resilience performance, and the average compression resilience rate was more than 90%. Although AgNPs was slowly released, CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel had an obvious antibacterial effect on E. coli and S. aureus. Moreover, the CNGA/C–AgNPs packaging aerogel was biodegradable. Due to the customization capabilities of 3D-printing technology, the prepared packaging aerogel can be adapted to more application scenarios by accurately designing and regulating the microstructure of aerogels, which provides a new idea for the development of food intelligent packaging.

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Biocomposites of Bio-Polyethylene Reinforced with a Hydrothermal-Alkaline Sugarcane Bagasse Pulp and Coupled with a Bio-Based Compatibilizer

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25092158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 2158

Author(s):

Nanci Vanesa Ehman ◽

Diana Ita-Nagy ◽

Fernando Esteban Felissia ◽

María Evangelina Vallejos ◽

Isabel Quispe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Decomposition Temperature ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Cradle To Gate ◽

Bagasse Pulp

Bio-polyethylene (BioPE, derived from sugarcane), sugarcane bagasse pulp, and two compatibilizers (fossil and bio-based), were used to manufacture biocomposite filaments for 3D printing. Biocomposite filaments were manufactured and characterized in detail, including measurement of water absorption, mechanical properties, thermal stability and decomposition temperature (thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA)). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to measure the glass transition temperature (Tg). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to assess the fracture area of the filaments after mechanical testing. Increases of up to 10% in water absorption were measured for the samples with 40 wt% fibers and the fossil compatibilizer. The mechanical properties were improved by increasing the fraction of bagasse fibers from 0% to 20% and 40%. The suitability of the biocomposite filaments was tested for 3D printing, and some shapes were printed as demonstrators. Importantly, in a cradle-to-gate life cycle analysis of the biocomposites, we demonstrated that replacing fossil compatibilizer with a bio-based compatibilizer contributes to a reduction in CO2-eq emissions, and an increase in CO2 capture, achieving a CO2-eq storage of 2.12 kg CO2 eq/kg for the biocomposite containing 40% bagasse fibers and 6% bio-based compatibilizer.

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