scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation on Tribological Behaviour of Tire-Derived Pyrolysis Oil Blended with Biodiesel Fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9975
Author(s):  
Haseeb Yaqoob ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Jamil ◽  
Tahir Rasheed ◽  
Farooq Sher
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Environmental Consequences

The demand for alternative fuels has risen in recent years due to the economic and environmental consequences of conventional fuels. In addition to engine characteristics, i.e., performance, combustion, and emission the lubricity of the considered fuel is an important parameter for its selection. This experimental study shows the tribological performance of the tire pyrolysis oil by using the four-ball tester. Waste tire pyrolysis oil was purified by using the distillation process. The experiment was conducted over 300 s at 40, 50, 63, and 80 kg load, 1800 rpm constant speed, and 27 °C temperature of all fuels on the ASTM D2266 standard. The tribological performance of the tire pyrolysis oil was compared with the BT10 (biodiesel 90%–tire pyrolysis oil 10%) and BT20 (biodiesel 80%–tire pyrolysis oil 20%) and biodiesel. The optical microscope is used to measure the wear scar diameter and then it is examined through a scanning electron microscope. In terms of greater load-carrying capacity, tire pyrolysis oil shows better anti-wear behaviour compared to biodiesel fuel. The wear scar diameter of BT10, BT20, and tire pyrolysis oil was 23.99%, 8.37%, and 32.62%, respectively, lower than the biodiesel fuel at 80 kg load. The SEM micrographs revealed that tire pyrolysis oil and BT10 displayed lower wear as compared to counterparts. Finally, it is concluded that BT10 is the most suitable fuel in terms of tribological performance.

scholarly journals Tribological Behaviour and Lubricating Mechanism of Tire Pyrolysis Oil

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Haseeb Yaqoob ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Jamil ◽  
Mirza Nuhanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Lubricating Mechanism

The four-ball tester was used in this analysis to demonstrate the lubricity of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO). The tribological performance of the tire pyrolysis oil was compared with diesel fuel (DF) and their blends, DT10 (TPO 10%, Diesel 90%) and DT20 (TPO 20%, Diesel 80%). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the wear scar. In contrast to diesel fuel, TPO demonstrated better antiwear behaviour in terms of higher load-carrying capacity. DT10, DT20, and TPO’s wear scar diameter (WSD) was 22.35%, 16.01%, and 31.99% smaller than that of diesel at 80 kg load, respectively. The scanning electron microscope micrographs showed that the TPO and DT10 had less wear than their counterparts.

Tribological Behaviour of Copper-Graphene Composite Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 674 ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Chmielewski ◽  
Remigiusz Michalczewski ◽  
Witold Piekoszewski ◽  
Marek Kalbarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Copper Matrix ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Plasma Sintering

In the present study, the influence of the volume fraction of graphene on the tribological properties of copper matrix composites was examined. The composites were obtained by the spark plasma sintering technique in a vacuum. The designed sintering conditions (temperature 950°C, pressing pressure 50 MPa, time 15 min) allowed obtaining almost fully dense materials. The tribological behaviour of copper-graphene composite materials was analysed. The tests were conducted using a CSM Nano Tribometer employing ball-on-plate tribosystem. The friction and wear behaviour of copper-graphene composite materials were investigated. An optical microscope, interferometer, and scanning electron microscope were used to analyse the worn surfaces. In friction zone, the graphene acts as a solid lubricant, which results in the increase in the content in the composites positively influencing the tribological characteristics of the steel- Cu-graphene composite.

Wear Behaviour of Binary Oil Mixtures Under Extreme-Pressure Conditions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Fernandez Rico ◽  
A. Hernandez Battez ◽  
R. Chou Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Oil Mixtures ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel ◽  
Made In

This work presents and discusses the extreme-pressure properties of binary oil mixtures made with a low viscosity polyalphaolefin (PAO 6) and two esters (TMP-05 and sunflower oil, SO). Tests were made in a four-ball machine tester using the ASTM D 2783-88. The ball test material was AISI 52100 steel, 12.7 mm. in diameter, with a hardness of about 65 HRC. The wear scar diameter (WSD) was measured with an optical microscope. The results showed that: although PAO 6, TMP-05 and SO have different physical properties, they perform similar behavior under high loads; TMP-05 and SO have better results in wear tests than PAO 6, but their extreme-pressure properties are similar; and TMP-05 and SO act as wear reducers when they are added to PAO 6, but they do not improve its behavior under high loads.

scholarly journals Room and High Temperature Tribological Behaviour of W-DLC Coatings Produced by DCMS and Hybrid DCMS-HiPIMS Configuration

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Evaristo ◽  
Filipe Fernandes ◽  
Albano Cavaleiro
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Carbon Matrix ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Shadowing Effect ◽  
Hybrid Configuration

Carbon-based coatings are used in many applications, particularly in sliding contacts to reduce friction and wear. To improve the tribological properties, these coatings are usually alloyed with metals; W is one of the most used since it helps improve the tribological performance at high temperatures. In this work, we compared the tribological performance of Diamond-Like Carbon alloyed with tungsten (DLC-W) films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) with films deposited in a hybrid configuration DCMS + high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The DLC-W coatings were produced with approximately the same W content. One hydrogenated film was deposited with the hybrid configuration for comparison purposes. Microstructure, structure, mechanical properties, and tribological behaviour were used to compare the coatings. All the films displayed a low-order structure of tungsten carbide embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix. The use of the hybrid HiPIMS/DCMS results in coatings with more compact morphologies due to the high ionization fraction of the species produced on the W target (W and Ar ionized species), which primarily will oppose the shadowing effect as the ions will reach the substrate at angles close to 90°. HiPIMS non-hydrogenated film is the more tribological, performing either at room or high temperature (150 °C) due to the much more compact morphology, which avoids the detachment of hard W-C particles, which are responsible for more efficiently scratching the film surface. Experiments revealed that wear behaviour in all the films is governed by the contact of the tribolayer formed on the counterpart composed of W–C, C and W–O against the surface of the film.

scholarly journals Tribological Behaviour of Neem Oil with and without Graphene Nanoplatelets Using Four-Ball Tester

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Suresha ◽  
G. Hemanth ◽  
Apurva Rakesh ◽  
K. M. Adarsh
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Pit Formation ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Ball Surface

The present work was aimed to study the friction and wear behaviour of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) under extreme pressure conditions as an anti-weld additive for neem oil. The effect of neem oil, blended with various loading of GNPs on the friction and wear characteristics has been investigated. From the experimental results, it was found that 1 wt.% of GNPs in neem oil showed the least coefficient of friction and smoother wear scar diameter. The extreme pressure test was performed on neem oil with and without GNPs as per ASTM standards. The extreme pressure test results indicated the improvement in seizure load of neem oil by 27.8% at 0.5 wt.% of GNPs as compared to pure neem oil. Optical microscopy of worn steel ball surface revealed the pit formation and the formation of wedge cutting edge in GNPs modified neem oil.

Analysis of Tribological Properties of Triethanolamine Modified Graphene Oxide Additive in Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlin Sun ◽  
Shaonan Du ◽  
Yanan Meng ◽  
Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
High Temperature Reaction ◽  
Reaction Solution ◽  
Modified Graphene Oxide ◽  
Microscopic Morphology ◽  
Modified Graphene ◽  
Worn Surface

In this paper, triethanolamine modified graphene oxide (TMGO) has been synthesized by filtering and drying the high-temperature reaction solution of graphene oxide (GO) and triethanolamine. The tribological performance of TMGO and GO in de-ionized water were investigated using a four-ball tribometer. The microscopic morphology of the worn surface was analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the average friction coefficient (AFC) and wear scar diameter (WSD) of 0.1 wt % TMGO decreased by 21.9% and 6.2% compared with the two values of 0.1 wt % GO, and no corrosion occurred on metal surface. The minimum of the AFC and WSD occurred at 0.3 wt % TMGO. This study provides a new reference for the application of graphene oxide in lubrication.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Lubricating Environment on the Tribological Performance of CNT Filled Glass Reinforced Polymer Composite

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2965
Author(s):  
Sandeep Agrawal ◽  
Nishant K. Singh ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Gurminder Singh ◽  
Yashvir Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Gfrp Composites ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Lubrication Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

In recent years, the engineering implications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have progressed enormously due to their versatile characteristics. In particular, the role of CNTs in improving the tribological performances of various engineering materials is well documented in the literature. In this work, an investigation has been conducted to study the tribological behaviour of CNTs filled with glass-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites in dry sliding, oil-lubricated, and gaseous (argon) environments in comparison to unfilled GFRP composites. The tribological study has been conducted on hardened steel surfaces at different loading conditions. Further, the worn surfaces have been examined for a particular rate of wear. Field-emission scanning electron (FESEM) microscopy was used to observe wear behaviours. The results of this study explicitly demonstrate that adding CNTs to GFRP composites increases wear resistance while lowering friction coefficient in all sliding environments. This has also been due to the beneficial strengthening and self-lubrication properties caused by CNTs on GFRP composites, according to FESEM research.

Reinforcing effect on the tribological behaviour of nanoparticles due to a bimodal grain size distribution

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (98) ◽  
pp. 55383-55387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Xu ◽  
Weimin Li ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Gaiqing Zhao ◽  
Xiaobo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Bimodal Grain Size ◽  
Bimodal Grain Size Distribution

A novel reinforcing mechanism for the tribological performance based on a bimodal grain size distribution is reported.

A study on tribological behaviour and analysis of ZnO reinforced AA6061 matrix composites fabricated by stir casting route

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthi Sadhasivam RM ◽  
Ramanathan K. ◽  
Bhuvaneswari B.V. ◽  
Raja R.
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zno Particles ◽  
The Matrix

Purpose The most promising replacements for the industrial applications are particle reinforced metal matrix composites because of their good and combined mechanical properties. Currently, the need of matrix materials for industrial applications is widely satisfied by aluminium alloys. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tribological behaviour of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles reinforced AA6061 composites prepared by stir casting route. Design/methodology/approach In this study, AA6061 aluminium alloy matrix reinforced with varying weight percentages (3%, 4.5% and 6%) of ZnO particles, including monolithic AA6061 alloy samples, is cast by the most economical fabrication method, called stir casting. The prepared sample was subjected to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, experimental density measurement by Archimedian principle and theoretical density by rule of mixture and hardness test to investigate mechanical property. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the composites was investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer with various applied loads of 15 and 20 N, with constant sliding velocity and distance. The wear rate, coefficient of friction (COF) and worn surfaces of the composite specimens and their effects were also investigated in this work. Findings XPS results confirm the homogeneous distribution of ZnO microparticles in the Al matrix. The Vickers hardness result reveals that higher ZnO reinforced (6%) sample have 34.4% higher values of HV than the monolithic aluminium sample. The sliding wear tests similarly show that increasing the weight percentage of ZnO particles leads to a reduced wear rate and COF of 30.01% and 26.32% lower than unreinforced alloy for 15 N and 36.35% and 25% for 20 N applied load. From the worn surface morphological studies, it was evidently noticed that ZnO particles dispersed throughout the matrix and it had strong bonding between the reinforcement and the matrix, which significantly reduced the plastic deformation of the surfaces. Originality/value The uniqueness of this work is to use the reinforcement of ZnO particles with AA6061 matrix and preparing by stir casting route and to study and analyse the physical, hardness and tribological behaviour of the composite materials.

Fabrication and characterization of composite MoS2-TiO2 coating material

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110157
Author(s):  
Avinash V Borgaonkar ◽  
Ismail Syed ◽  
Shirish H Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Coating Film ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment

Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is a popularly used solid lubricant in various applications due to its superior tribological behaviour. However, it possesses poor wear resistance which requires further improvement. In the present study efforts have been made to enhance the tribological properties of pure MoS2 coating film by doping TiO2 nanoparticles as a reinforcement material. The Manganese phosphating is selected as a pre-treatment method to improve the bond strength between coating and substrate. The coating is bonded with the substrate material employing sodium silicate as a binder. The effects of wt. % of TiO2 onto the mechanical properties of composite MoS2-TiO2 coating such as hardness and bond strength have been studied. In addition coating microstructure before and after experimental test was studied using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. It was also found that with increase in wt. % addition of TiO2 upto 15% into MoS2 base matrix, the hardness of coating increases proportionally. Beyond 15 wt. % addition of TiO2, the coating becomes brittle in nature. This leads to reduction in the scratch resistance.

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