scholarly journals Smart Sirens—Civil Protection in Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Sascha Henninger ◽  
Martin Schneider ◽  
Arne Leitte
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sound Propagation ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Environmental Sound ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Full Coverage

Germany carried out a nationwide “Alert Day” in 2020 to test its civil alarm systems. The test revealed some problems. Heterogeneous development structures and topography can be limiting factors for sound propagation. In consequence, sirens could be heard inadequately, depending on their location. Furthermore, the reason of warning remains unknown to the public. In terms of civil protection, warnings with the code of behavior by general available media is desired. Smart sirens can transmit additional spoken information and be installed on already-existing streetlights. In this study, we analyze how smart sirens could lead to an improved civil protection. Exemplarily, a detailed analysis is made for a different structured rural area, Dansenberg in Germany, whereas the influence of local conditions on the sound propagation is considered. We analyzed with the software CadnaA—a software for calculation, assessment and prediction of environmental sound—how the location and number of smart sirens can be optimized in order to produce a full coverage of the study area. We modeled the coverage in different scenarios and compared four scenarios: (a) current situation with two E57 type sirens; (b) replacing the existing sirens with two high-performance sirens; (c) one high-performance siren at the more central point; and (d) optimized network of smart sirens of the type Telegrafia Bono. The aim was to achieve a full coverage with a minimum of warning sirens. We could show that the current situation with two E57 type sirens fails to reach out to the whole population whereas the optimized network of smart sirens results in a better coverage. Therefore, a reconsideration of the existing warning system of civil protection with smart sirens could result in a better coverage and improved information of warning.

The current situation and countermeasures of education and teaching of left behind children in rural areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092110077
Author(s):  
Xue Li ◽  
Hongmei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Role Of Parents

The family education responsibilities of rural left-behind children are not fully implemented, and school education is weak, which has caused a series of problems. The education of rural left-behind children has gradually attracted people's attention. In this context, this article studies the current situation and countermeasures of rural LBC education and teaching. This article combines research methods such as questionnaire survey method and on-site interview method for research. In order to better explain the problems of local government, this article first defines the definition of local government, expounds the theory of personality development, and uses scientific sampling methods in the research process to extract research results from some rural areas in our province.了Analysis. Based on the performance of LBC and non-LBC schools, learning guidance and learning, the current situation of LBC education in China was studied. In addition, this article also studied the performance of LBC parents before and after they went abroad, and made some suggestions. The study found that before the parents went out, LBC's academic performance was mainly concentrated at the intermediate level and above, accounting for 78%. After the parents went out, LBC's academic performance decreased significantly, and the results were mainly concentrated in the intermediate and above. Below, accounting for 84%. It can be seen that the role of parents in children's growth education is essential.

scholarly journals Experiences of improving water access in rural areas in Guatemala

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bresci ◽  
Antonio Giacomin ◽  
Federico Preti
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Maintenance Activities

The GESAAF Department of the UNIFI has been involved in the project “Gestione ambientale e del rischio nel dipartimento di Sololà” in the period 2011-’12 aiming at guaranteeing water access to people leaving in rural areas in the Sololà Department in Guatemala, in collaboration with the two NGOs Movimento Africa ’70 and Oxfam Italia. Appropriate technologies, such as EMAS pump and well drilled with the Baptista- Boliviana technique, have been proposed and utilized for improving water access in areas where lack of water represented a limiting factor for the human development. They can be both considered compatible with local, cultural and economic conditions: in fact locally available materials are used and the tools can be maintained and operationally controlled by the local users. At the end of the project, 52 EMAS pumps have been installed and 19 wells drilled, 33 pumps have been installed in already existing wells tank. Formation activities of local people played an important role: diffusion actions of the methodology started from schools, 20 workers participated to an in class course and more than 100 participated in the field work. Monitoring activities on the 52 installed pumps have been carried out in order to check the performances of the pumps and the knowledge level acquired by the users. After some months of operation, more than 80% of the pumps were correctly functioning and the required maintenance activities have been carried out in collaboration with the local users. In order to analyze the project results, a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) has been carried out for developing a strategy able to tackle the weaknesses and threats of the procedure. The application of the SWOT analysis showed to be an useful tool to analyse the current situation coming from the ended project. It has been helpful to gauge how the project performed. The analysis results may be also utilized for exploring strengths and weaknesses of a possible transferring of the methodology to other sites.

scholarly journals Realization of investment attractiveness of the territory

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
D. S. Kleymenov ◽  
A. A. Ruban ◽  
A. A. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Investment Object ◽  
Regional Product

The article presents proposals for the development of rural areas by increasing their investment attractiveness. It is proved that in addition to financial resources, limiting factors for the development of the territory can serve as its social, environmental, and institutional features. Lack of resources, technologies, and infrastructure will limit rural development. It is proved that the implementation of the development opportunities of territories involves the search for optimal solutions in the selection of investment objects, their integration into the economy of the region and the municipality. The article examines the investment attractiveness of the Ramon district of the Voronezh region, which has a shortage of energy capacity, which does not allow for further expansion of industrial activities in the municipality. It is proposed to consider the creation of a company providing services in the field of eco-tourism as an alternative investment object. Such projects do not have increased requirements for existing electrical capacity, preserve recreational potential, create jobs, and ultimately improve the quality of life of the district's population. A brief description of the development of the tourism industry in Russia and the Voronezh region is given, and the main measures of its state support are highlighted. The growth of the domestic tourist market is predicted, as well as an increase in demand for these services. The project for installing and launching a glamping complex on the territory of the Ramon district is calculated. Conclusions are drawn about the economic, social and budgetary effectiveness of the proposed project. The glamping complex will increase the export of tourist services in the region, increase the gross regional product, and create additional jobs without using significant energy capacity, which will ultimately have a positive impact on the development of the municipality as a whole.

scholarly journals Environmental Sound Recognition on Embedded Systems: From FPGAs to TPUs

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2622
Author(s):  
Jurgen Vandendriessche ◽  
Nick Wouters ◽  
Bruno da Silva ◽  
Mimoun Lamrini ◽  
Mohamed Yassin Chkouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Sound Recognition ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Environmental Sound ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Environmental Sound Recognition

In recent years, Environmental Sound Recognition (ESR) has become a relevant capability for urban monitoring applications. The techniques for automated sound recognition often rely on machine learning approaches, which have increased in complexity in order to achieve higher accuracy. Nonetheless, such machine learning techniques often have to be deployed on resource and power-constrained embedded devices, which has become a challenge with the adoption of deep learning approaches based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are power efficient and highly suitable for computationally intensive algorithms like CNNs. By fully exploiting their parallel nature, they have the potential to accelerate the inference time as compared to other embedded devices. Similarly, dedicated architectures to accelerate Artificial Intelligence (AI) such as Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) promise to deliver high accuracy while achieving high performance. In this work, we evaluate existing tool flows to deploy CNN models on FPGAs as well as on TPU platforms. We propose and adjust several CNN-based sound classifiers to be embedded on such hardware accelerators. The results demonstrate the maturity of the existing tools and how FPGAs can be exploited to outperform TPUs.

Flexible, high mobility short-channel organic thin film transistors and logic circuits based on 4H-21DNTT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubha Bilgaiyan ◽  
Seung-Il Cho ◽  
Miho Abiko ◽  
Kaori Watanabe ◽  
Makoto Mizukami
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Logic Circuits ◽  
Organic Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
Short Channel ◽  
Inverter Circuit

Abstract The low mobility and large contact resistance in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are the two major limiting factors in the development of high-performance organic logic circuits. Here, solution-processed high-performance OTFTs and circuits are reported with a polymeric gate dielectric and 6,6 bis (trans-4-butylcyclohexyl)-dinaphtho[2,1-b:2,1-f ]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (4H-21DNTT) for the organic semiconducting layer. By optimizing and controlling the fabrication conditions, a record high saturation mobility of 8.8 cm2V− 1s− 1 was demonstrated as well as large on/off ratios (> 106) for relatively short channel lengths of 15 µm and an average carrier mobility of 10.5 cm2V-1s-1 for long channel length OTFTs (> 50 µm). The pseudo-CMOS inverter circuit with a channel length of 15 µm exhibited sharp switching characteristics with a high signal gain of 31.5 at a supply voltage of 20 V. In addition to the inverter circuit, NAND logic circuits were further investigated, which also exhibited remarkable logic characteristics, with a high gain, an operating frequency of 5 kHz, and a short propagation delay of 22.1 µs. The uniform and reproducible performance of 4H-21DNTT OTFTs show potential for large-area, low-cost real-world applications on industry-compatible bottom-contact substrates.

Valsts civilās aizsardzības jomu reglamentējošo normatīvo aktu izmaiņas laika posmā no 2014.–2018. gadam

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
Aivars Mednis
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
National Security ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Security System ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Civil Defence

Civil protection is an essential part of the national security system. One of the main conditions for successful functioning of any system is a properly organized regulatory framework - laws, Cabinet of Minister’s regulations that clearly define the civil protection structure and the responsibilities and rights of legal and natural persons involved in the processes. This study identifies the current situation and concludes that the norms of the Civil Defence and Disaster Management Law adopted by the Saeima in 2016 eliminate the discrepancies of the Civil Protection Law of 2006 and administrative-territorial reform of 2009, and specifically determine the areas of responsibility and activities of the state and municipal institutions, but the changes in the regulations governing the training of students and employees ensure compulsory civil protection courses for higher education institutions.

A Research of Ecological Farmhouse Design Based on the Sustainable Development Needs

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-68
Author(s):  
Jiangyan Lu ◽  
Yushuai Lang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Design Requirements

To summarize the problems and needs of the current rural life, identify the pathway that suits the sustainable development of rural areas, and propose the design concept and method that meet the current rural ecological design requirements. Use the organized research approaches. This chapter makes a case study of Nanma Village, provides the theoretical and design practice reference for the rural sustainable development in China, and establishes the knowledge and methodology system that meets the requirements of rural sustainable development. This chapter proposes the design concept and method in line with the current requirements of rural ecological design, suggests that the current village design should be adapted to “local conditions,” and indicates that the harmonious development between human and environment will be a new possible direction for the rural sustainable development and design in future.

Importance of Plant Production in Development of Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Marijana Jovanović Todorović ◽  
Anton Puškarić
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Agricultural Activities

This chapter analyzes plant production from the perspective of development rural areas and it is based on the case study for rural areas on territory of Smederevo. The main goal of this chapter points to the current situation in plant production as one of the most important agricultural activities and that creates the basis for future development. It will be presented data collected from Census of agriculture, yearbooks, and local reports, but also data collected in the field. The authors apply theoretical and practical frame of research based on the case of study, which is oriented on used agricultural land, realized production and yield in period 2013-2017.

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