Optimization of the Motion Algorithm and Reduction of the External Dynamic Load of the Machinery Actuator in Translational and Rotational Modes

This article deals with the theoretical preconditions for creating a high-performance, universal earthmoving vehicle with continuous motion that can create long grooves of different depths and widths in the soil using a single actuator. For this purpose, a new symmetrical rotor actuator was developed, which operates in translational and rotational modes due to the two-level actuator with a double-swivel mounting on the base chassis, instead of the traditional single-swivel mounting. Its use eliminates the possibility of leveling the thickness of the shavings when digging the soil. The rotor-actuator-movement algorithm at the front part was developed from a combination of vehicle movement and cyclic-lateral-actuator movement. In real practice, this means digging up the soil with even shavings. The implementation of the developed algorithm in the physical model of the symmetrical actuator confirmed the possibility of balancing the thickness of the shavings, which are cut by the rotor buckets with up to 10% accuracy. The difference between the results in determining the thickness of the shavings analytically and experimentally is 12% with a confidence interval of 0.95.

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The Mechanical Properties and Damage Evolution of UHPC Reinforced with Glass Fibers and High-Performance Polypropylene Fibers

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14092455 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2455

Author(s):

Jiayuan He ◽

Weizhen Chen ◽

Boshan Zhang ◽

Jiangjiang Yu ◽

Hang Liu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Glass Fiber ◽

Damage Evolution ◽

High Performance ◽

High Performance Concrete ◽

Glass Fibers ◽

Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽

Concrete Damaged Plasticity ◽

The Difference ◽

Experimental Values

Due to the sharp and corrosion-prone features of steel fibers, there is a demand for ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) reinforced with nonmetallic fibers. In this paper, glass fiber (GF) and the high-performance polypropylene (HPP) fiber were selected to prepare UHPC, and the effects of different fibers on the compressive, tensile and bending properties of UHPC were investigated, experimentally and numerically. Then, the damage evolution of UHPC was further studied numerically, adopting the concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) model. The difference between the simulation values and experimental values was within 5.0%, verifying the reliability of the numerical model. The results indicate that 2.0% fiber content in UHPC provides better mechanical properties. In addition, the glass fiber was more significant in strengthening the effect. Compared with HPP-UHPC, the compressive, tensile and flexural strength of GF-UHPC increased by about 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively. However, the flexural toughness indexes I5, I10 and I20 of HPP-UHPC were about 1.2, 2.0 and 3.8 times those of GF-UHPC, respectively, showing that the toughening effect of the HPP fiber is better.

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A Modified KNN Algorithm for High-Performance Computing on FPGA of Real-Time m-QAM Demodulators

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10050627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 627

Author(s):

David Marquez-Viloria ◽

Luis Castano-Londono ◽

Neil Guerrero-Gonzalez

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

High Performance ◽

Interference Mitigation ◽

Parallel Implementation ◽

Computational Time ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Interchannel Interference ◽

The Difference ◽

High Level ◽

Performance Computing

A methodology for scalable and concurrent real-time implementation of highly recurrent algorithms is presented and experimentally validated using the AWS-FPGA. This paper presents a parallel implementation of a KNN algorithm focused on the m-QAM demodulators using high-level synthesis for fast prototyping, parameterization, and scalability of the design. The proposed design shows the successful implementation of the KNN algorithm for interchannel interference mitigation in a 3 × 16 Gbaud 16-QAM Nyquist WDM system. Additionally, we present a modified version of the KNN algorithm in which comparisons among data symbols are reduced by identifying the closest neighbor using the rule of the 8-connected clusters used for image processing. Real-time implementation of the modified KNN on a Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+ VU9P AWS-FPGA board was compared with the results obtained in previous work using the same data from the same experimental setup but offline DSP using Matlab. The results show that the difference is negligible below FEC limit. Additionally, the modified KNN shows a reduction of operations from 43 percent to 75 percent, depending on the symbol’s position in the constellation, achieving a reduction 47.25% reduction in total computational time for 100 K input symbols processed on 20 parallel cores compared to the KNN algorithm.

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Significant Associations of lncRNA H19 Genotypes with Susceptibility to Childhood Leukemia in Taiwan

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14030235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Jen-Sheng Pei ◽

Chao-Chun Chen ◽

Wen-Shin Chang ◽

Yun-Chi Wang ◽

Jaw-Chyun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Childhood Leukemia ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Wild Type ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Genotypic Distribution ◽

Heterozygous Variant ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

The purpose of our study was to investigate whether genetic variations in lncRNA H19 were associated with susceptibility to childhood leukemia. Two hundred and sixty-six childhood leukemia patients and 266 healthy controls were enrolled in Taiwan, and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2839698 and rs217727, in H19 were genotyped and analyzed. There was a significant difference in the genotypic distribution of rs2839698 between patients and healthy controls (p = 0.0277). Compared to the wild-type CC genotype, the heterozygous variant CT and homozygous variant TT genotypes were associated with significantly increased risks of childhood leukemia with an adjusted odd ratio (OR) of 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08–2.14, p = 0.0429) and 1.94 (95%CI, 1.15–3.31, p = 0.0169), respectively (pfor tread = 0.0277). The difference in allelic frequencies between childhood leukemia patients and controls was also significant (T versus C, adjusted OR = 1.53, 95%CI, 1.13–1.79, p = 0.0077). There were no significant differences in the genotypic and allelic distributions of rs217727 between cases and controls. Interestingly, the average level of H19 rs2839698 was statistically significantly higher for patients with CT and TT genotypes than from those with the CC genotype (p < 0.0001). Our results indicate that H19 SNP rs2839698, but not rs217727, may serve as a novel susceptibility marker for childhood leukemia.

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Apical Extrusion of Debris Produced during Continuous Rotating and Reciprocating Motion

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2015/267264 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giselle Nevares ◽

Felipe Xavier ◽

Luciana Gominho ◽

Flávia Cavalcanti ◽

Marcely Cassimiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Reciprocating Motion ◽

Continuous Motion ◽

Analytical Balance ◽

Root Canals ◽

Apical Extrusion ◽

Final Weight ◽

The Difference

This study aimed to analyse and compare apical extrusion of debris in canals instrumented with systems used in reciprocating and continuous motion. Sixty mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=20): the Reciproc (REC), WaveOne (WO), and HyFlex CM (HYF) groups. One Eppendorf tube per tooth was weighed in advance on an analytical balance. The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and standardised irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was performed to a total volume of 9 mL. After instrumentation, the teeth were removed from the Eppendorf tubes and incubated at 37°C for 15 days to evaporate the liquid. The tubes were weighed again, and the difference between the initial and final weight was calculated to determine the weight of the debris. The data were statistically analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney tests (α=5%). All systems resulted in the apical extrusion of debris. Reciproc produced significantly more debris than WaveOne (p<0.05), and both systems produced a greater apical extrusion of debris than HyFlex CM (p<0.001). Cross section and motion influenced the results, despite tip standardization.

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Fast Comparison of High-Precision Time Scales Using GNSS Receivers

International Journal of Navigation and Observation ◽

10.1155/2017/9176174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Vojtech Vigner ◽

Jaroslav Roztocil

Keyword(s):

Time Scales ◽

Time Scale ◽

High Performance ◽

Data Format ◽

Common View ◽

Log Files ◽

Gnss Receivers ◽

Precision Time ◽

The Common ◽

The Difference

Comparison of high-performance time scales generated by atomic clocks in laboratories of time and frequency metrology is usually performed by means of the Common View method. Laboratories are equipped with specialized GNSS receivers which measure the difference between a local time scale and a time scale of the selected satellite. Every receiver generates log files in CGGTTS data format to record measured differences. In order to calculate time differences recorded by two receivers, it is necessary to obtain these logs from both receivers and process them. This paper deals with automation and speeding up of these processes.

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Evaluation of the Interference of Hemoglobin Variant J-Bangkok on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Measurement by Five Different Methods

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-0043-118535 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 125 (10) ◽

pp. 655-660

Author(s):

Dong-Mei Wen ◽

Sheng-Nan Xu ◽

Wei-Jia Wang ◽

Xiu-Ming Zhang ◽

Ming-Huan Suo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Hemoglobin Variant ◽

Deming Regression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Immuno Assay ◽

Hba1c Measurement ◽

Significant Interference

Abstract Objective The interference of the hemoglobin variant (Hb J-Bangkok) was evaluated on 4 different glycated hemoglobin assays and compared with a reference immuno assay. Methods An overall test of coincidence of 2 least-squares linear regression lines was performed to determine whether the presence of Hb J-Bangkok caused a statistically significant difference in HbA1c results compared with a reference immuno assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the difference of the estimated average glucose calculated from HbA1c values and fasting plasma glucose in the Hb J-Bangkok variant group using the different detection systems. Deming regression analysis was used to determinate whether Hb J-Bangkok had a significant interference on HbA1c results using an HbA1c±10% relative bias at 6% and 9% HbA1c as evaluation limits. Results Turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay method, and enzymatic methods were not affected by Hb J-Bangkok. However, Hb J-Bangkok showed statistically significant interference to the two ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Conclusion When performing HbA1c tests, clinical laboratory personnel should identify the Hb variant and select the appropriate methods or use alternative indicators.

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Quantitative Analysis of Fluorescence Detection Using a Smartphone Camera for a PCR Chip

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21113917 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3917

Author(s):

Jong-Dae Kim ◽

Chan-Young Park ◽

Yu-Seop Kim ◽

Ji-Soo Hwang

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Fluorescence Detection ◽

High Performance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dna Amplification ◽

Fluorescent Detection ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Commercial System ◽

Intensity Changes ◽

The Difference

Most existing commercial real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) instruments are bulky because they contain expensive fluorescent detection sensors or complex optical structures. In this paper, we propose an RT-PCR system using a camera module for smartphones that is an ultra small, high-performance and low-cost sensor for fluorescence detection. The proposed system provides stable DNA amplification. A quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity changes shows the camera’s performance compared with that of commercial instruments. Changes in the performance between the experiments and the sets were also observed based on the threshold cycle values in a commercial RT-PCR system. The overall difference in the measured threshold cycles between the commercial system and the proposed camera was only 0.76 cycles, verifying the performance of the proposed system. The set calibration even reduced the difference to 0.41 cycles, which was less than the experimental variation in the commercial system, and there was no difference in performance.

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Core-shell Cu@C@ZIF-8 composite: a high-performance electrode material for electrochemical sensing of nitrite with high selectivity and sensitivity

Nanotechnology ◽

10.1088/1361-6528/ac3da7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Gao ◽

Xiaolong Tu ◽

Yongfang Yu ◽

Yansha Gao ◽

Jin Zou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

High Selectivity ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Metal Organic Framework ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Electrochemical Sensing ◽

Core Shell ◽

Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ◽

Sensing Platform ◽

The Difference

Abstract Herein, an efficient electrochemical sensing platform is proposed for selective and sensitive detection of nitrite on the basis of Cu@C@Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (Cu@C@ZIF-8) heterostructure. Core-shell Cu@C@ZIF-8 composite was synthesized by pyrolysis of Cu-metal-organic framework@ZIF-8 (Cu-MOF@ZIF-8) in Ar atmosphere on account of the difference of thermal stability between Cu-MOF and ZIF-8. For the sensing system of Cu@C@ZIF-8, ZIF-8 with proper pore size allows nitrite diffuse through the shell, while big molecules cannot, which ensures high selectivity of the sensor. On the other hand, Cu@C as electrocatalyst promotes the oxidation of nitrite, thereby resulting high sensitivity of the sensor. Accordingly, the Cu@C@ZIF-8 based sensor presents excellent performance for nitrite detection, which achieves a wide linear response range of 0.1 µM to 300.0 µM, and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.033 µM. In addition, the Cu@C@ZIF-8 sensor possesses excellent stability and reproducibility, and was employed to quantify nitrite in sausage samples with recoveries of 95.45-104.80%.

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The early attentional pancake: Lack of selection in depth for rapid exogenous cueing

10.31234/osf.io/xgbmv ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ryan Edward O'Donnell ◽

Kyrie Murawski ◽

Ella Herrmann ◽

Jesse Wisch ◽

Garrett D. Sullivan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Binocular Disparity ◽

Dimensional Space ◽

Exogenous Attention ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Exogenous Cueing ◽

Different Depths ◽

Depth Cueing ◽

The Difference ◽

Attentional Selectivity

There have been conflicting findings on the degree to which exogenous/reflexive visual attention is selective for depth, and this issue has important implications for attention models. Previous findings have attempted to find depth-based cueing effects on such attention using reaction time measures for stimuli presented in stereo goggles with a display screen. Results stemming from such approaches have been mixed, depending on whether target/distractor discrimination was required. To help clarify the existence of such depth effects, we have developed a paradigm that measures accuracy rather than reaction time in an immersive virtual-reality environment, providing a more appropriate context of depth. Four modified Posner Cueing paradigms were run to test for depth-specific attentional selectivity. Participants fixated a cross while attempting to identify a rapidly masked letter that was preceded by a cue that could be valid in depth and side, depth only, or side only. In Experiment 1, a potent cueing effect was found for side validity and a weak effect was found for depth. Experiment 2 controlled for differences in cue and target sizes when presented at different depths, which caused the depth validity effect to disappear entirely even though participants were explicitly asked to report depth and the difference in virtual depth was extreme (20 vs 300 meters). Experiments 3a and 3b brought the front depth plane even closer (1 m) to maximize effects of binocular disparity, but no reliable depth cueing validity was observed. Thus, it seems that rapid/exogenous attention pancakes 3-dimensional space into a 2-dimensional reference frame.

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A Review of the Challenge in Measuring Hemoglobin A1c

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology ◽

10.1177/193229680900300306 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 439-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Cas Weykamp ◽

W. Garry John ◽

Andrea Mosca

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Consensus Statement ◽

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Metrological Traceability ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

The United States ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

Patient Groups ◽

The Difference

The attraction of the simple biochemical concept combined with a clinical requirement for a long-term marker of glycolic control in diabetes has made hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) one of the most important assays undertaken in the medical laboratory. The diversity in the biochemistry of glycation, clinical requirements, and management demands has resulted in a broad range of methods being developed since HbA1c was described in the late 1960s. A range of analytic principles are used for the measurement of HbA1c. The charge difference between hemoglobin A0 and HbA1c has been widely utilized to separate these two fractions, most notably found these days in ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography systems; the difference in molecular structure (affinity chromatography and immunochemical methods) are becoming widely available. Different results found in different laboratories using a variety of HbA1c analyses resulted in the need for standardization, most notably in the United States, Japan, and Sweden. Designated comparison methods are now located in these three countries, but as they are arbitrarily chosen and have differences in specificity, results of these methods and the reference values and action limits of the methods differ and only harmonized HbA1c in specific geographic areas. A reference measurement system within the concept of metrological traceability is now globally accepted as the only valid analytic anchor. However, there is still discussion over the units to be reported. The consensus statement of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC), the American Diabetes Association, the International Diabetes Federation, and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes suggests reporting HbA1c in IFCC units (mmol/mol), National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program units (%), and estimated average glucose (either in mg/dl or mmol/liter). The implementation of this consensus statement raised new questions, to be answered in a concerted action of clinicians, biochemists, external quality assessment organizers, patient groups, and manufacturers.

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