scholarly journals Coordination Properties of the Fungal Metabolite Harzianic Acid Toward Toxic Heavy Metals

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Gaetano De Tommaso ◽  
Maria Michela Salvatore ◽  
Rosario Nicoletti ◽  
Marina DellaGreca ◽  
Francesco Vinale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Tetramic Acid ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Some Trichoderma strains are known for their capacity to produce harzianic acid, a metabolite belonging to the tetramic acid derivatives. Harzianic acid has interesting biological properties, such as antimicrobial activities against phytopathogenic fungi and promotion of plant growth. It also possesses remarkable chemical properties, including the chelating properties toward essential transition metals, which might be related to the biological activities. Increasing knowledge on chelating properties might be relevant for understanding the various beneficial effects of harzianic acid in the interaction between the producer fungi and plants. In this work, the coordination capacity of harzianic acid was studied to evaluate the formation and stability of complexes formed with toxic heavy metals (i.e., Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+), which might have a crucial role in the tolerance of plants growing in metal-contaminated soils and in abiotic stress.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7099
Author(s):  
Inkyeong Moon ◽  
Honghyun Kim ◽  
Sangjo Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Choi ◽  
Jungtae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

scholarly journals Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Fahima Abdellatif ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Samir Begaa ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Adel Benarfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Oil

This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

scholarly journals Heavy metal composition of maize and tomato grown on contaminated soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-426
Author(s):  
A.O. Adekiya ◽  
A.P. Oloruntoba ◽  
S.O. Ojeniyi ◽  
B.S. Ewulo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

Abstract The study investigated the level of heavy metal contamination in plants {maize (Zea mays) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)} from thirty soil samples of three locations (Epe, Igun and Ijana) in the Ilesha gold mining area, Osun State, Nigeria. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Spatial variations were observed for all metals across the locations which was adduced to pH and the clay contents of the soils of each location. The results showed that heavy metals are more concentrated in the areas that are closer to the mining site and the concentrations in soil and plants (maize and tomato) decreased with increasing perpendicular distance from the mining site, indicating that the gold mine was the main sources of pollution. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in plants (tomato and maize) samples were considered to be contaminated as As, Cd and Pb respectively ranged from 0.6 - 2.04 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 5.2 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 3.04 mg kg-1 for tomato and respectively 0.60 - 2.00 mg kg-1, 1.50 - 4.60 mg kg-1 and 0.90 - 2.50 mg kg-1 for maize. These levels exceeded the maximum permissible limits set by FAO/WHO for vegetables. In conclusion, monitoring of crops for toxic heavy metals is essential for food safety in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Pollution Scenario due to Discharge of Effluent from Agrochemicals and Pesticides Manufacturing Industries of Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to agrochemicals and pesticides manufacturing industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The average concentration of Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn was found to be maximum of 29.86, 0.90, 1.16 and 1.19 ppm respectively in summer season, while average Fe concentration was maximum of 51.10 ppm in winter season. The average pH value of the effluent was found to be maximum of 12.95 in summer season, while average conductivity value was maximum of 21085 µmhos/cm in rainy season. The majority of physco-chemical parameters like alkalinity, hardness, salinity, chloride, cyanide, phosphate, total solid, BOD and COD content were found to be maximum in summer season having the average values of 1918, 186, 4, 11.20, 0.07, 81, 6391, 685 and 2556 ppm respectively. The average DO content was found to be low of 4.5 ppm in winter season. It was observed that the concentration level of majority of the toxic heavy metals and physico-chemical properties were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. The results of present study indicates that the existing situation if mishandled can cause irreparable ecological harm in the long term well masked by short term economic prosperity due to extensive industrial growth

scholarly journals Tamanu oil and skin active properties: from traditional to modern cosmetic uses

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. D504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phila Raharivelomanana ◽  
Jean-Luc Ansel ◽  
Elise Lupo ◽  
Lily Mijouin ◽  
Samuel Guillot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Skin Healing

Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Calophyllaceae), locally called “tamanu” in French Polynesia, is an evergreen pantropical tree growing mostly along the seashores. Its barks, leaves, and fruits are still used in traditional medicine. The oil expressed from the nuts has been also traditionally used. Tamanu oil is topically applied on skins as well as mucous membrane lesions. This oil is especially recommended to heal all kinds of skin ailments. Bioassays and different assessments of Tamanu oil revealed numerous biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, wound healing…), so bringing scientific evidence of beneficial effects of this oil on human skin healing. Such biological properties may explain the use of tamanu oil as an active cosmetic ingredient recorded as “Calophyllum inophyllum seed oil” by the INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients). Most of the bioactive properties of tamanu oil are attributed to oil composition including the presence of resinous compounds in tamanu oil beside common fatty acids, which constitutes a unique characteristic of this healing oil. Actually, resinous part of tamanu oil is known to contain bioactive secondary metabolites mostly constituted by neoflavonoids including pyranocoumarin derivatives. Herein, chemical constituents and biological properties of tamanu oil are presented with a focus of its traditional use inspiring modern valuations related to cosmetic field.

Batch and column tests for the development of an immobilization technology for toxic heavy metals in contaminated soils of closed mines

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jang ◽  
Y. S. Choi ◽  
In S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Column Tests

Laboratory tests of various chemical treatments for the immobilization of copper, nickel, and lead in soils typically found at mine facilities were evaluated. A series of batch, adsorption tests, and lab-scale continuous column tests were conducted to optimize the design parameters for the full-scale immobilization processes. The laboratory test program consisted of batch and column experiments to measure the leachability and subsequent immobilization of the single heavy metal, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ in an artificial soil which was composed of bentonite and quartz fine sand. Batch equilibrium methods were used to test the ability of a large number of chemical additives to react with heavy metals in contaminated soil. The two best treatment chemicals (CaO and Na2S) for each soil-metal combination were selected for more detailed columns studies. The column tests were carried out in the acidic pH range. According to the results of the column leaching test, it was found that the degree of heavy metal leaching is highly dependent on pH. An adsorption test was performed under acidic conditions (pH 4) to evaluate bentonite as an additive to treat acid mine drainage (AMD).

scholarly journals Essential oil from Piperaceae as a potential for biopesticide agents: a review

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
N.A. Abdullah ◽  
W.Z.W.M. Zain ◽  
H.A. Hamid ◽  
N.W. Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Present Information ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Synthetic Pesticide ◽  
States Food

This review is aimed to present information on the properties of Piperaceae which can be potentially used as a biopesticide. The chemical compounds involved in were different as each species consist of different amount of secondary metabolites which then leads to different properties. In recent years, several reports have been published regarding the composition and the biological activities of the essential oils of Piper species. These studies have highlighted the existence of marked chemical differences among oils extracted from different species or varieties. Analysis of volatile constituents from Piperaceae species has revealed the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and arylpropanoids that have shown interesting biological properties including cytotoxic, fungistatic, insecticide, molluscicidal, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Essential oils are natural complex secondary metabolites characterized by strong odour, volatility and have generally lower density than water. Due to their volatility, essential oils are environmentally non-persistent. On top of that, essential oils are ‘generally recognized as safe’ by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Since technology has become more advanced, people started to replace synthetic pesticide with bio-pesticide. The demand for EO has increased as it has biological properties that can be used to replace synthetic pesticide

scholarly journals Studies on Pollution due to Discharge of Effluent from Pharmaceutical Industries of Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Specific Discharge ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
One Year

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to pharmaceutical based industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The concentration level of majority of toxic heavy metals like Cu, Cr, Pb, Fe and Zn were found to be maximum of 14.06, 0.57, 0.42, 18.93 and 3.31 ppm respectively in the month of February, while Ni concentration was found to be maximum of 0.43 ppm in the month of June. The pH and BOD values were reported to be maximum of 12.54 and 546 ppm respectively in the month of October. The conductivity and total solid content was found to be maximum of 27400 µmhos/cm and 9401 ppm respectively in the month of June. The cyanide content was maximum of 0.13 ppm in the month of April. The alkalinity, hardness, salinity, chloride, phosphate and COD content was reported maximum of 852, 694, 10.36, 4821, 46.32 and 1271 ppm respectively in the month of February. The DO content was found to be minimum of 3.00 ppm in the month of February. It was observed that the level of many of these toxic heavy metals except Zn and various physico-chemical parameters were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. From the results of the present investigation it seems that the time has come to move towards ecosystem specific discharge standards to maintain the health and productivity of natural resources on which the majority of Indians are dependent

scholarly journals Metabolomic Profiling and Biological Activities of Pleurotus columbinus Quél. Cultivated on Different Agri-Food Byproducts

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1245
Author(s):  
Paola Angelini ◽  
Roberto Maria Pellegrino ◽  
Bruno Tirillini ◽  
Giancarlo Angeles Flores ◽  
Husam B. R. Alabed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Hplc ◽  
Mushroom Extracts

The genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm (Pleurotaceae, Basidiomycota) comprises a cosmopolitan group of mushrooms highly appreciated for their nutritional value and health-promoting benefits. Despite there being many studies about the phytochemical composition of Pleurotus spp., there are very few reports dealing with the phytochemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of P. columbinus Quél. In this study, a mass spectrometry ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC)-QTOF method, coupled with principal component analysis (PCA), was applied to the P. columbinus metabolome in order to investigate the influence of different agri-food residues as growth substrates for P. columbinus cultivation, on the bioactive chemical profile of fruiting bodies and evaluated their potential as antioxidants and antimicrobials. Additionally, a quantitative HPLC-DAD-MS analysis was conducted on phenolic and flavonoid compounds, that could explain, albeit partially, the observed biological effects of P. columbinus extracts. The qualitative metabolic profile identified 97 metabolites, whereas the quantitative HPLC-DAD-MS analysis confirmed the presence of phenolic and flavonoids, in the mushroom extracts, which also showed intrinsic scavenging/reducing and antimicrobial effects. The antibacterial effects were particularly evident against Escherichia coli, whereas Tricophyton and Aspergillus were the dermatophytes more sensitive to the mushroom extracts. The present study supports more in-depth investigations, aimed at evaluating the influence of growth substrate on P. columbinus antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The extracts from P. columbinus revealed valuable sources of primary and secondary metabolites, thus suggesting potential applications in the formulation of food supplements with biological properties, above all in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document