Trends of Runoff Variation and Effects of Main Causal Factors in Mun River, Thailand During 1980–2018

Mun River is the largest tributary of the Mekong River in Thailand and provides abundant water resources not only for an important agricultural area in Thailand but also for the lower Mekong River. To understand how the runoff of Mun River responds to climate change and human activities in recent decades, this study performed a detailed examination of the characteristics of runoff variation based on measurements at two hydrological gauging stations on the main stem of Mun River during 1980–2018. Using the Mann-Kendall test, Morlet wavelet transform and Double Cumulative Curve methods, this study identifies that the variation of annual runoff of Mun River encountered an abruption in 1999/2000, with an increased trend taking place since then. Furthermore, a detailed assessment of the effects of the variations in rainfall, temperature, evaporation, and land use types extracted from remote sensing images at the basin scale reveals that a significant reduction in forest area and slight reductions in evaporation and farmland area taking place since 1999 can lead to an increase in the runoff of Mun River, while the dramatic increase in garden area since 1999 tends to make the runoff decrease.

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Variation of Runoff and Precipitation in the Hekou-Longmen Region of the Yellow River Based on Elasticity Analysis

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/929858 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Erhui Li ◽

Xingmin Mu ◽

Guangju Zhao ◽

Peng Gao ◽

Hongbo Shao

Keyword(s):

Abrupt Change ◽

Yellow River ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Practical Significance ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Runoff Variation ◽

Runoff Reduction ◽

Runoff Change ◽

Average Annual Runoff

Precipitation is very important to the formation of runoff, and studying of runoff variation and its response to precipitation has practical significance to sustainable utilization of water resources. The study used Mann-Kendall test, anomaly accumulation method, and precipitation elasticity of runoff method to analyze the changes in the relation of precipitation and runoff and the contribution of precipitation to runoff change in the Hekou-Longmen region (from 1957 to 2010), Huangfuchuan watershed (from 1954 to 2010), and Yanhe watershed (from 1952 to 2010) in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The results showed that runoff appeared a significant decreasing trend(P=0.01)while it was not significant in precipitation in all study areas. In particular, the reductions of average annual runoff in the Hekou-Longmen region, Huangfuchuan watershed, and Yanhe watershed were 72.7%, 87.5%, and 32.2%, respectively, during 2000–2010 compared to the 1950s. There existed two abrupt change points of the runoff in the Hekou-Longmen region and Huangfuchuan watershed, which were detected in 1979 and 1998. But in the Yanhe watershed only one abrupt change point was found in 1996. The precipitation elasticities of runoff were 1.11, 1.09, and 1.26, respectively, and the contributions of precipitation on runoff reduction were 26.4%, 17.9%, and 31.6%, respectively, in the Hekou-Longmen region, Huangfuchuan watershed, and Yanhe watershed.

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Impacts of Climate Variability and Human Activities on the Changes of Runoff and Sediment Load in a Catchment of the Loess Plateau, China

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2016/4724067 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Peng Tian ◽

Xingmin Mu ◽

Jianli Liu ◽

Jinfei Hu ◽

Chaojun Gu

Keyword(s):

Climate Variability ◽

Human Activities ◽

Sediment Load ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Sediment Concentration ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Abrupt Changes ◽

Runoff Decrease ◽

Annual Scale

The objectives of this study are to investigate the changes of runoff and sediment load and their potential influencing factors in the Huangfuchuan catchment. The Mann-Kendall test and accumulative anomaly methods were, respectively, applied to examine the changing trends and abrupt changes. Both annual runoff and sediment load demonstrated significant reduction (p<0.05) with decreasing rates of −3.2 × 106 m3/a and −1.09 Mt/a, respectively. The abrupt changes were detected in 1979 and 1996 for the runoff and sediment load. All the runoff and sediment indices (runoff, sediment load, runoff coefficient, and sediment concentration) exhibited remarkable reduction (p<0.01). The climate variability contributed 24.4% and 25.1% during 1980–1996 and 1997–2010 to annual runoff decrease, respectively, and human activities accounted for the remaining 75.6% and 74.9%. In contrast, changes in precipitation accounted for 43.5% and 20.2% of sediment load reduction during 1980–1996 and 1997–2010, whereas the human activities contributed 56.5% and 79.8%, respectively. The relative contributions from climate variability and human activities to runoff and sediment load changes at annual scale were different from that at flood season scale. Results suggested the dominant role of soil and water conservations in the variation of runoff and sediment load in the catchment.

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Analysis of Runoff Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors in the Wujiang River Basin in the Past 30 Years

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19010372 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 372

Author(s):

Wenxian Guo ◽

Jianwen Hu ◽

Hongxiang Wang

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Underlying Surface ◽

Vegetation Coverage ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Runoff Variation ◽

Wujiang River ◽

Variation Characteristics ◽

Moderate Change

Changes in climate and the underlying surface are the main factors affecting runoff. Quantitative assessment of runoff characteristics, and determination of the climate and underlying surface contribution to changes in runoff are critical to water resources management and protection. Based on the runoff data from the Wulong Hydrological Station, combined with the Mann-Kendall test, Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA), Budyko hypothesis, and changes in climate and the underlying surface, this study comprehensively analyzed the runoff in the Wujiang River Basin (WRB). The results showed that: (1) The annual runoff of Wujiang River showed a downward trend, and an abrupt change occurred in 2005. (2) The overall hydrological change in WRB is 46%, reaching a moderate change. (3) The contribution rates of precipitation (P), potential evaporation (ET0), and underlying surface to runoff changes are 61.5%, 11.4%, and 26.9%, respectively. (4) After 2005, the WRB has become more arid, human activities have become more active, vegetation coverage has increased, and the built-up land has increased significantly.

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Recent shrinkage and hydrological response of Hailuogou glacier, a monsoon temperate glacier on the east slope of Mount Gongga, China

Journal of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/002214310791968520 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (196) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Qiao Liu ◽

Shiyin Liu ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Yingsong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daily Rainfall ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Runoff Variation ◽

Runoff Change ◽

Weather Stations ◽

Local Water ◽

Total Discharge ◽

Daily Total

AbstractTemperate glaciers are more sensitive to climate changes than polar or continental glaciers, and can drive remarkable runoff variation in local water catchments. Here we present recent glacier shrinkage and runoff change for Hailuogou glacier, a typical monsoon temperate glacier on the east slope of Mount Gongga (Minya Konga), China. The surface area of Hailuogou glacier has decreased by 3.5% (0.92 km2) between 1966 (aerial photographs) and 2007 (ASTER images). Flow measurements at a stream gauge about 500 m down-glacier commencing in 1994 display a remarkable increase in annual runoff (mostly during July–September) since 1999. Annual runoff over the same period in a nonglacierized but forested subcatchment (9.17 km2) did not experience significant change. By separating the daily rainfall component from the daily total discharge, monthly catchment water-balance series were calculated for the period 1994–2005, which shows an increasing trend of glacier storage loss. We concluded that air-temperature rise (with a trend of +0.2°C (10 a)−1 between 1988 and 2005, recorded at nearby weather stations) has had an increased effect on glacier mass loss and river runoff change during the past 20 years.

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Quantification of Climate Changes and Human Activities That Impact Runoff in the Taihu Lake Basin, China

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2016/2194196 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Dingzhi Peng ◽

Linghua Qiu ◽

Jing Fang ◽

Zhongyuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Human Activities ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Taihu Lake ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Baseline Period ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Taihu Lake Basin ◽

Runoff Variation ◽

Runoff Series

Although a fragile climate region, the Taihu Lake Basin is among the most developed regions in China and is subjected to intense anthropogenic interference. In this basin, water resources encounter major challenges (e.g., floods, typhoons, and water pollution). In this study, the impacts of climate changes and human activities on hydrological processes were estimated to aid water resource management in developed regions in China. The Mann-Kendall test and cumulative anomaly curve were applied to detect the turning points in the runoff series. The year of 1982 divides the study period (1956~2008) into a baseline period (1956~1981) and a modified period (1982~2008). The double mass curve method and the hydrological sensitivity method based on the Budyko framework were applied to quantitatively attribute the runoff variation to climate changes and human activities. The results demonstrated that human activities are the dominant driving force of runoff variations in the basin, with a contribution of 83~89%; climate changes contributed to 11~17% of the variations. Moreover, the subregions of the basin indicated that humans severely disturbed the runoff variation, with contributions as high as 95~97%.

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What is the primary factor controlling trend of Glacier No. 1 runoff in the Tianshan Mountains: temperature or precipitation change?

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2016.190 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 231-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yanlong Kong ◽

Zhonghe Pang

Keyword(s):

Kendall Test ◽

Fast Response ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Step Change ◽

Tianshan Mountains ◽

Summer Temperature ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Simple Linear Regression ◽

Dominant Effect ◽

Internal Relationship

The internal relationship between summer temperature (ST), annual precipitation (AP), annual mass balance (AM) and annual runoff (AR) of Glacier No.1 from 1959 to 2006, a so-called ‘summer accumulation type’ glacier, was examined with several statistical methods including simple linear regression, the Mann–Kendall test and wavelet analysis. In total, ST, AP and AR increase with a rate of 0.02 °/year, 1.53 mm/year and 2.83 × 104 m3/year, respectively, while AM decreases at a rate of −14.5 mm/year. A step change of ST, AP, AM and AR was identified to have occurred in the mid-1990s. After that, ST and AR increase significantly. Meanwhile, the period of coherence changes from 4–8 years to 2–4 years, implying that when temperature increases greatly, the period tends to be shorter due to the fast response of the glacier. The increase of AR is caused by the loss of AM. The rise of ST is found to be responsible for the loss of AM, although the rise of AP is beneficial to the glacier accumulation. Our results on the dominant effect of temperature (rather than precipitation) on runoff of Glacier No. 1 could be used as the input to models in hydrology, geomorphology, climatology and paleoclimatology.

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Study on the Variation of Annual Runoff and Influencing Factors in Kuye River during the Past 60 Years

Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction ◽

10.32732/jcec.2018.7.2.72 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Zhihua MA ◽

Qiaoling GUO ◽

Ning SU

Keyword(s):

Human Activities ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Strength ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Runoff Variation ◽

Runoff Reduction ◽

Filter Methods ◽

Runoff Series ◽

Concentration Degree ◽

The Impact

In this study, observed runoff series from a hydro-station respectively named Wenjiachuan station in the Kuye river was manipulated for monthly annual variation analysis assisted by using nonuniformity coefficient and concentration degree(period).the cumulative filter methods was employed to detect the trend of inner-annual runoff. Based on meteorological and hydrological data of the Wenjiachuan hydrologic station from 1955 to 2015, the paper studied the variation tendency, the abrupt and periodic changes of annual runoff using the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and accumulation anomaly curve. Double mass curve was used to estimate the impact of human activities and climate change on the runoff variation. The curve of seasonal runoff distribution for Wenjiachuan station appeared two peak patterns. The annual runoff declined markedly, the effect of climate on runoff decreased, the influence of human activities on runoff gradually increased the human activities are the primary factors leading to the reduction of annual runoff. In human activities, large-scale water and soil conservation measures and high-strength coal mining have produced significant effects on the annual runoff reduction in Kuye River.

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Assessment of the Anthropogenic Factors’ Impact Upon the Azerbaijan Rivers’ Annual Runoff

Water sector of Russia: problems, technologies, management - Методы оценки и механизмы регулирования водопользования в современных условиях ◽

10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Water Withdrawal ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Observation Data ◽

Water Abstraction ◽

Drying Up ◽

Runoff Decrease ◽

Annual Water ◽

High Level

The article applies a water resources use coefficient and a map of its distribution to assess comprehensively the anthropogenic factors’ impact upon annual runoff of the rivers of Azerbaijan. We used the observation data for 27 rivers. By comparison we have assessed changes of many-year average annual water flows up to 1972 and for the 1973 - 2011/2016 period. We found that anthropogenic decrease of transboundary and national Azerbaijan rivers annual runoff resulted in different degree water stress. At that the number of rivers with high level of water stress (Кисп = 20–40 %) is significantly greater. The annual runoff decrease of many local rivers caused by water withdrawal for irrigation purposes is accompanied with the water content decrease during the summer/fall low water periods up to the rivers’ drying up. We noted that the volume of the permissible water abstraction should be normalized to secure permissible values of ecological river runoff in order to provide rational use of national river water.

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Analysis of the influence of environmental change on river runoff in Loess Plateau of China

Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ◽

10.5194/piahs-383-111-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 383 ◽

pp. 111-119

Author(s):

Yong Jing ◽

Zuhao Zhou

Keyword(s):

Loess Plateau ◽

River Runoff ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Turning Point ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Annual Precipitation ◽

Series Data ◽

Runoff Series ◽

Before And After ◽

Cumulative Curve

Abstract. The double interaction between climate change and human activity affects the changes in the environmental conditions of catchment runoff and confluence. Using 1956–2012 57 years of river runoff series data of 27 rivers in hilly gully area of Loess Plateau in Shaanxi province 39 hydrological station data, reduction of social and economic water consumption, plotting the annual precipitation and annual runoff double cumulative curve of annual runoff flow series consistency test, the consistency processing of annual runoff data and the quantitative analysis of its influence were also made. The results show that: the consistency of annual runoff data sequence of 21 hydrological stations is affected by the change of environmental conditions of runoff generation and confluence, and the turning point (year) and the degree of impact can be divided into three situations or three periods. One is the 12 station in 2000 after the annual runoff system is small; Two, there are 4 stations before and after in 1970, the annual precipitation and annual runoff double cumulative curve is obviously turning point. Before the turning point, a series of systems has a large high production period. After turning, it shows that a series of systems with low runoff yield caused by the Changes in environmental conditions of runoff and confluence in the underlying surface and climate and so on; the three is to have 5 stations occurred both before and after the 1970 high low flow period of the transition period in 2000, and after the annual runoff series of small low again.

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