Prospects for BRICS industrial cooperation under recent developments in GVCS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Industrial Cooperation ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Economic Partnership ◽  
Domestic Regulation

The development of industrial cooperation creates fundamental and long-term foundations for BRICS current and future economic partnership. It was reflected in recently adopted Strategy for BRICS Economic Partnership 2025. At the same time, realization of the existing potential of industrial cooperation cannot take place without taking into account the development of new global trends. These trends and respective factors influence companies` business strategies and government regulatory policies significantly. As a result, both traditional factors and novel challenges, such as comprehensive digitalization processes in global economy and trade, technical and technological development of different industries and global value chains, the pressure of trade conflicts resulted in accumulation of protectionism in trade policies and the ongoing crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered thoroughly. In the case of the BRICS countries the existing incentives for the reconfiguration of GVCs and the enhancement of their resilience and reliability can be implemented in the strengthening of trade and industrial ties and the diversification of suppliers and markets through the development of cooperation with the partner countries. To realize these opportunities, it is necessary to ensure favorable regulatory basis both in traditional areas (trade and investment liberalization, convergence in domestic regulation) and in the framework of modern trends that are gaining momentum: increasing cooperation in e-commerce, trade facilitation, developing scientific, technological and innovative cooperation, addressing infrastructural issues in order to reduce transport and logistics costs and expand trade and industrial cooperation..

scholarly journals The principles of design and the organization of functioning of innovative infrastructures in the conditions of the Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Serebryakova ◽  
A. V. Petrikov
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Principles Of Design

The number of the innovative centers in a total amount of technological infrastructure in the world increases. One of trends of development of global economy is growth of speed of changes, including entry into the market of new types of products and services. The key trigger of these changes are "blasting" innovations which are characteristic of the fourth technological revolution which is taking place now. The program of support of clusters which is implemented since 2013 by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation receives the logical continuation, including in the innovative scientific and technological centers. In article the review of uncontested global trends of scientific and technological and innovative development in the conditions of the Fourth industrial revolution and the Industry 4.0 on the basis of which the principles of design and the organization of functioning of innovative infrastructures are created is carried out. The research of the systems of strategic management of breakthrough technological development, best in the class, is conducted. It is shown that for realization of breakthrough technological development it is necessary to create basic technological packages and technological packages of the second order on the basis of basic research packages. In a research the approach of intellectual and strategic scanning ("Strategic Intelligence") which is the significant instrument of management, concentrated on the solution of specific questions by scanning of a business environment is applied, marking out at the same time risks, threats and opportunities. The growing practical application of such approach is caused by need to solve unique research problems in new subject domains on which there is no saved-up knowledge base. A number of the methods which are originally used for the solution of separate planned and expected tasks unites thus in the uniform complete concept. Results of a research can be used as a theoretical basis for carrying out transformation of the innovative environment in the industries, regions, industrial complexes.

Nonwovens: Global Trends in World Economy, European Foreign Trade, and Selected Case Studies from Poland and Asian Brics Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Wysokińska ◽  
Tomasz Czajkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Grabowska
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Special Case

AbstractNonwovens are one of the most versatile textile materials and have become increasingly popular in almost all sectors of the economy due to their low manufacturing costs and unique properties. In the next few years, the world market of nonwovens is predicted to grow by 7%–8% annually (International Nonwovens & Disposables Association [INDA], European Disposables and Nonwovens Association [EDANA], and Markets and Markets). This article aims to analyze the most recent trends in the global export and import of nonwovens, to present two case studies of Polish companies that produce them, and to present one special case study of the market of nonwoven geotextiles in China and India, which are the Asian transition economies among the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa).

scholarly journals E-Commerce Calls for Cyber-Security and Sustainability: How European Citizens Look for a Trusted Online Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6752
Author(s):  
Idiano D’Adamo ◽  
Rocío González-Sánchez ◽  
Maria Sonia Medina-Salgado ◽  
Davide Settembre-Blundo
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Different Levels

The pandemic has changed the citizens’ behavior, inducing them to avoid any real contact. This has given an incredible impulse to e-commerce; however, the complexity of the topic has not yet been adequately explored in the literature. To fill this gap, this study has a twofold purpose: (1) to investigate how European countries comparatively perform in e-commerce, and (2) to describe what are the most important challenges for the further expansion of e-commerce. To this end, we adopted a hybrid methodology based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and a Likert scale survey. The first method allows to us rank the e-commerce performance of different European countries, while the second one looks at the problems and barriers that characterize online shopping. The results of the study show that European countries have different sensitivities to the issue of cyber-security, and among them it is possible to identify three groups with different levels of attention to the critical issues of e-commerce. The Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark belong to the group of countries most responsive to e-commerce. This request is part of a broader framework of transition toward sustainable development, i.e., a reliable digital environment where citizens and businesses can exercise their rights and freedoms in complete security. Finally, from a theoretical perspective, this paper adds a new baseline to the literature on the state of the art of e-commerce in Europe that addresses the effects of the pandemic. From a managerial point of view, decision makers can find in the results of this analysis a support for the setting of business strategies for the expansion of firms in certain markets and guidance for public authorities when defining regulatory policies for e-commerce.

BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

PRIORITIES OF INNOVATIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталия Александровна Иванова
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Growth Options ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Scientific Substantiation

В статье рассматриваются вопросы выработки действенной региональной политики, обоснования ее приоритетов и механизмов реализации. Акцент делается на мировые тенденции инновационно-технологического развития. Императивом региональной политики должна стать технологическая модернизация действующих предприятий, реализация инвестиционных проектов, направленных на более полное исследование ресурсного потенциала, создание новых отраслей промышленности, повышение производительности труда. Все это требует научного обоснования приоритетов региональной промышленной политики, поиска механизмов, стимулирующих экономический рост, вариантов расширения сузившихся в период экономического кризиса финансово-инвестиционной базы технологических преобразований экономики регионов. The article deals with the development of an effective regional policy, justification of its priorities and implementation mechanisms. The emphasis is on global trends in innovative and technological development. The imperative of regional policy should be the technological modernization of existing enterprises, the implementation of investment projects aimed at a more complete study of the resource potential, the creation of new industries, and an increase in labor productivity. All this requires a scientific substantiation of the priorities of regional industrial policy, a search for mechanisms that stimulate economic growth, options for expanding the financial and investment base of technological transformations of the regional economies that have narrowed during the economic crisis.

scholarly journals Digital shifts in human resource management in the global economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Amirreza Nikpour ◽  
Svetlana Semushkina
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Human Resource Management System ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This article examines the key issues related to digital shifts in human resource management in the global economy. The purpose of the article is to identify the features and key trends in the introduction of digital technologies on the example of the BRICS countries. The study yielded a number of results. In the course of the research, the theoretical foundations of the digitalization of HR management are analyzed. The current situation and the contemporary level of human development in the BRICS countries is also noted. The features and problematic aspects of digital transformations in the human resource management system are outlined on the example of Russia, China and Brazil. In addition, the main digital technologies that are widely used in the countries under consideration are described.

scholarly journals Social Challenges of the Digital Economy: Russia in a Global Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
E. Sadovaya
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Growth ◽  
World Order ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Labor Resources

The subject of the research is the challenges of the digital economy for the employment sector in Russia. The need to reduce costs in the face of a deteriorating situation in the global economy is a factor in accelerating the digital transformation of employment in the country. The transformation is carried out through the automation of the main business processes, as well as through the development of platform employment formats. Specific features of the process of digital transformation of employment form the shape of the development of the Russian labor market in the post- Soviet period. Its main factor was the country’s entry into the global system of division of labor, which led to the formation of the modern structure of employment. The economy of Russia, recognized as raw material, turned out to be “commercial” in terms of employment, since it was this industry that created the bulk of jobs during that period. The commerce sector, which had high growth potential in the early 1990s in Russia, provided jobs for all those labor resources that were released from the industry. However, at the moment this source has been exhausted. Digitalization threatens the most labor-intensive sectors of the Russian economy. Commerce turns out to be the first industry to undergo automation and digitalization of jobs. At the same time, the most massive professions (accountants, bank employees, HR specialists, salesmen, cashiers, couriers, security guards, secretaries, packers, call center workers, drivers) are under the threat of “disappearance”, while new ones in demand by the market are more likely “unique” and they are mostly associated with robotization, digitalization and biotechnology. The unmet demand for these professions is a reflection of the complexities of training highly qualified interdisciplinary specialists and not a physical shortage of labor resources, and this is a serious challenge for the vocational education system. The study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the processes taking place in the social and labor sphere in Russia, to create a conceptual basis for the development of a socio-economic policy of the state that adequately responds to the challenges of the digitalization of the economy. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-crisis world order: challenges and technologies, competition and cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).

scholarly journals Industry 4.0 and Developing Countries: Innovation Perspective of Ethiopia, India and Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Amrut Rao ◽  
Ravindra Pathak ◽  
Ashraf Mahmud Rayed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Efficient Production

Ethiopia, India and Bangladesh are raising economic power, but have not yet integrated very much with the global economy and still have not achieved their potential in context of technology, globalization, and international competitiveness like developed countries. These countries have much strength, but at the same time , are facing many challenges in the increasingly competitive and fast changing global economy. The main key strengths of these courtiers are their large domestic market, young and growing population, a strong private sector with experience in market institutions, and a well developed legal and financial system. In today’s environment of global competition, technological development and innovation; companies, especially manufacturing, are forced to reconfigure their manufacturing and management processes. Industry 4.0 and intelligent manufacturing are part of a transformation, in which manufacturing and information technologies have been integrated to create innovative systems of manufacturing, management and ways of doing business. This system allows optimizing manufacturing, to achieve greater flexibility, efficient production processes and generate a value added proposal for their customers, as well as to provide a timely response to their market needs. The objective of this work is to explore the Industry 4.0, smart manufacturing, environment requirement and relation of innovation in perspective of developing countries.

scholarly journals The U.S.-China technological war through the prism of techno-nationalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
I. Danilin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The U.S

The “technological war” between the United States and China that started in 2017–2018 raises a number of questions about the future role of technological development as a factor in relations between superpowers. Analysis shows that for the United States this conflict is caused by changing balance of risks and benefits of the liberal model of globalization due to the rise of China`s power and growing geopolitical tensions between the two nations. In this context, emerging, especially digital, technologies appear to be a new battlefield between superpowers. Within the realist framework, actors consider emerging technologies as a key factor for strengthening their global postures. This, among other things, contributes to securitized technological agenda and strengthens its geopolitical dimension. Neo-technonationalism has become the platform that integrates different processes and goals into new U.S. policy. Although historically neo-technonationalism took its roots in Asia, the evolving market situation prompted the United States to rethink existing approaches and to upgrade the techno-nationalist dimension of its policy. Considering similar policies of China and the EU (i. e. the European digital sovereignty policy), this trend shapes new realities of technological “blocs”, the struggle for expansion of technological platforms, and technological conflicts. Taking into account prospective development needs of the global economy and future specification of mutual interest areas, as new digital technologies mature, the ground for normalizing the dialogue between the superpowers will emerge. However, at least in the U.S.–China case, this issue will be complicated by geopolitical contradictions that leave little room for any serious compromise.

Wastewater Treatment With Activated Carbon

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. Benedek
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract Recent developments in the application of activated carbon to wastewater treatment are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the physico-chemical treatment of municipal waste. Technological development, adsorptive behaviour, and research needs serve as the three primary discussion topics.

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