scholarly journals Diagnostic value of serum IgG by Eliza to detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Original Article

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-29
Author(s):  
Mehdi Haghdoost ◽  
Parisa Alizadeh Nazmi ◽  
Hamid Owaysee Osquee
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: In developing countries, which is an endemic region in terms of tuberculosis, there is an urgent need for fast, accurate, and inexpensive serological testing. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of patient serum IgG antibodies by ELISA in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Method: This case-control study was performed on patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 2017-2020. After selecting the case (n = 30) and control (n = 30) subjects according to inclusion criteria, their blood samples were obtained and analyzed in the reference laboratory by standard kits for immunoglobulin G against 16, 36, and 40 kDa antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 47.07 (15.57%). The majority of participants were 46 (51.1%) women. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding sex and age. serological examination of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis showed 25 positive results and only 4 of the control group had a positive result. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of serology test were 83.3%, 86.67%, 86.20% and 87.88% respectively. Conclusion: Despite the acceptable sensitivity of the serologic immunoglobulin G test, according to the statement of World health organization (WHO), it did not possess an acceptable specificity. It is recommended that a a wider range of different antigens to be studied also it is essential to evaluate the diagnostic value of the other immunoglobulins inpatient in different stages of the disease.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

Performance of acid fast techniques and genexpert in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Uasin Gishu county health facilities, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Hellen Jeruto Sawe ◽  
Sabella J Kiprono ◽  
Tom Were
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Culture Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of death worldwide, millions of people have been infected with pulmonary tuberculosis and over 95% of tuberculosis deaths occur in low and middle income countries as per World Health Organization report. The study assessed the performance of Ziehl Neelsen technique and GeneXpert used for diagnosis of Pulmonary tuberculosis in Uasin Gishu county health facilities, Kenya, between November 2019 and February 2020. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three selected health facilities and a total of 104 participants were enrolled into the study. Sputum samples from suspected tuberculosis patients were tested using Ziehl Neelsen technique, GeneXpert and culture method was used as gold standard. Performance of the tests was done by considering their sensitivity, specificity, predictive values. The results indicated that among the 104 sputum samples tested Ziehl Neelseen technique used detected 23(22.1%) bacilli from spot samples and 33(31.7%) bacilli from morning sputum samples. GeneXpert test detected 49 (47.1%) bacilli. The results also revealed that there was significant difference between Ziehl Neelsen technique using spot samples and GeneXpert and culture test (p-value< 0.05) and Ziehl Neelsen technique using morning test done with culture test had no significant difference (p-value>0.05). Performance of tests should be done accurately for proper diagnosis of TB, GeneXpert should always be used since its sensitivity is high and also detects Rifampicin resistance. Also, Performance of tests should be done using standard procedures to avoid errors in the test results.

Embitterment in war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S359-S360 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sabic ◽  
A. Sabic
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyse frequency of embitterment in war veterans with Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as the potential impact of embitterment on the development of chronic PTSD.Patients and methodsIt was analyzed 174 subjects (from Health Center Zivinice/mental health center) through a survey conducted in the period from March 2015 to June 2016, of which 87 war veterans with PTSD and control subjects 87 war veterans without PTSD. The primary outcome measure was the post-traumatic embitterment disorder self-rating scale (PTED Scale) who contains 19 items designed to assess features of embitterment reactions to negative life events. Secondary efficacy measures included the clinician-administered PTSD scale–V (CAPS), the PTSD checklist (PCL), the combat exposure scale (CES), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D), the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A) and the World health organization quality of life scale (WHOQOL-Bref). All subjects were male. The average age of patients in the group war veterans with PTSD was 52.78 ± 5.99. In the control group, average age was 51.42 ± 5.98. Statistical data were analyzed in SPSS statistical program.ResultsComparing the results, t-tests revealed significant difference between group veterans with PTSD and control group (t = −21,21, P < 0.0001). War veterans group with PTSD (X = 51.41, SD = 8,91), control group (X = 14.39, SD = 13.61).ConclusionEmbitterment is frequent in war veterans with PTSD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kondisi Fisik Rumah dan Status Gizi dengan Insiden Penyakit Tuberkulosis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rejosari Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-547
Author(s):  
Fitri Zulfa Hayati ◽  
Nurhapipa Nurhapipa ◽  
Nila Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Relationship

Tuberkulosis Paru merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Kejadian penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Puskesmas Rejosari Kota Pekanbaru merupakan kasus tertinggi di kota pekanbaru sebanyak 798 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini secara umum untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi fisik rumah dan status gizi dengan insiden penyakit tuberkulosis paru. Penelitian ini adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Case Control. Populasi kasus dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh penderita Tuberkulosis Paru. Sampel penelitian yaitu 18 responden kelompok kasus dan 72 responden kelompok kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik Simple random sampling. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rejosari Kota Pekanbaru pada bulan Juli – Agustus 2020. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner, roll meter, lux meter, dan timbangan berat badan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil uji statistik hubungan dari setiap variabel semuanya berhubungan dengan insiden penyakit tuberkulosis paru, yaitu variabel luas ventilasi (p = 0,002, OR = 7,857), kepadatan hunian (p = 0,003, OR = 5,500), pencahayaan (p = < 0,05, OR = 8,500), dan status gizi (p = 0,001, OR = 10,818). Diharapkan kepada tim pencegah dan pengendalian penyakit tuberkulosis paru Puskesmas Rejosari meningkatkan penyuluhan atau pemahaman langsung kepada masyarakat penderita TB paru serta membentuk dan melatih kader – kader untuk penanggulangan Tuberkulosis Paru. Diharapkan masyarakat selalu membuka jendela agar udara dan cahaya dapat masuk ke dalam rumah serta menjaga pola makan yang seimbang dan sehat. Pulmonary Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rejosari Primary Health Center Pekanbaru City is the highest case in Pekanbaru city with 798 cases. The purpose of this study in general was to determine the relationship between the physical condition of the house and nutritional status with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. This research is a quantitative analytic with a Case Control approach. The populations of cases were all patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The research sample was 18 respondents in the case group and 72 respondents in the control group using the simple random sampling technique. The research location was carried out in the Rejosari Public Health Center, Pekanbaru City in July - August 2020. The measuring instruments used were questionnaires, roll meters, lux meters, and weight scales. Data analysis was performed univariate and bivariate using the Chi Square test. The statistical test results of the relationship between each variable were all related to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, namely the variable area of ventilation (p = 0.002, OR = 7.857), occupancy density (p = 0.003, OR = 5,500), lighting (p =0.05, OR 8.5)and nutritional status (p = 0.001, OR = 10.818). It is hoped that the team for preventing and controlling pulmonary tuberculosis at the Rejosari Community Health Center will increase direct education or understanding to people with pulmonary tuberculosis and form and train cadres to control pulmonary tuberculosis. It is hoped that people will always open windows so that air and light can enter the house and maintain a balanced and healthy diet.

Diagnostic efficacy of serum and urinary netrin-1 in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2021-001785
Author(s):  
Rasha A Elkholy ◽  
Reham L Younis ◽  
Alzahraa A Allam ◽  
Rasha Youssef Hagag ◽  
Muhammad Tarek Abdel Ghafar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum and urinary netrin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at different stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to compare its efficacy of estimation in serum with that in the urine. This study was carried out on 135 patients with T2DM and 45 healthy subjects. The patients with diabetes were divided according to urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) into: T2DM with normoalbuminuria, incipient DN with microalbuminuria, and overt DN with macroalbuminuria groups. Serum and urinary levels of netrin-1 were measured by ELISA. The mean levels of serum and urinary netrin-1 were significantly higher in the microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric patients with DN than those in the normoalbuminuric patients with T2DM, with the highest values detected in macroalbuminuric patients with DN. Urinary netrin-1 level was significantly higher in the normoalbuminuric T2DM group than control group, whereas no significant difference existed regarding serum netrin-1 level. In T2DM groups, the urinary and serum netrin-1 correlated with each other and were independently related to fasting blood glucose, UACR, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of urinary netrin-1 was 0.916 which is significantly higher than that of serum netrin-1 (0.812) for the detection of incipient DN and reached 0.938 on coestimation of both urinary and serum netrin-1. In conclusion, netrin-1 is a potential diagnostic marker for early detection of DN with its estimation in urine has higher accuracy than that of serum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LDH and Gamma Interferon as Biochemical Markers for Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
SK Baul ◽  
SMR Hossain ◽  
D Parvin ◽  
M Hadiuzzaman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Tuberculosis is a common disease throughout the world, especially in developing countries. The most common form of the disease is pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is also a growing problem worldwide. The diagnosis of PTB and EPTB is even harder when smears and cultures are negative. Due to its nature, the diversity of clinical pictures, the diagnosis of EPTB is often difficult and late. Advances in rapid diagnostic techniques are urgently required both for the early management of the new cases of TB and for the individuals already infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and are at risk of developing disease. In addition to standard TB diagnostic techniques, use of new biochemical surrogate markers like LDH and gamma interferon are new suggested. This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic value and accuracy of serum LDH and gamma interferon for the diagnosis of PTB and EPTB. This crosssectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, NIDCH, Dhaka and by convenient and purposive sampling, 131 patients (male 98, female 33) having age range of 20-90 years were enrolled for the study. Serum LDH and QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G i.e. gamma interferon) were estimated and the result was compared with the culture and histopathology results. Performance tests were done. Prevalence was measured at 95% CI. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Of 131 patients 89 (67.9%) had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and the rest 42 (32.1%) had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Level of LDH and gamma interferon in serum of all patients was found significantly high. TB pleural effusion was detected in 64% cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values and accuracy of LDH and gamma interferon wre calculated both in PTB and EPTB. For LDH it was (SEN 89.22%, SPE 85.66%, PPV 88.82%, NPV 86.11%) and for gamma interferon (SEN 93.01%, SPE 91.64%, PPV 93.73%, NPV 91.18%) in PTB; and for LDH (SEN 89.27%, SPE 87.18%, PPV 84.35%, NPV 90.36%) and for gamma interferon (SEN 94.88%, SPE 93.65%, PPV 90.04%, NPV 95.82%) in EPTB respectively. When calculated in combination, the sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 50% respectively in both PTB and EPTB, and positive and negative predictive values of LDH and gamma interferon in combination were 94.00% and 91.58% in PTB and 90.43% and 96.71% in EPTB respectively. The study concludes that the diagnostic accuracy of LDH and gamma interferon is low when single test is done but it is significantly high when done in combination.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(2): 69-74

Children Exposed or Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index During the First 5 Years of Life—A Danish Nationwide Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2168-2177
Author(s):  
Ellen Moseholm ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Håkon Sandholdt ◽  
Terese L Katzenstein ◽  
Merete Storgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Exposures to human immunodeficiency (HIV) and antiretroviral therapy in utero may have adverse effects on infant growth. Among children born in Denmark and aged 0–5 years, we aimed to compare anthropometric outcomes in HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) children with those in children not exposed to HIV. Methods In a nationwide register-based study we included all singleton HEU children born in Denmark in 2000–2016. HEU children were individually matched by child sex, parity, and maternal place of birth to 5 singleton controls born to mothers without HIV. Weight-for-age z (WAZ) scores, length-for-age z (LAZ) scores, and weight-for-length or body mass index–for–age z scores were generated according to the World Health Organization standards and the Fenton growth chart for premature infants. Differences in mean z scores were analyzed using linear mixed models, both univariate and adjusted for social and maternal factors. Results In total, 485 HEU children and 2495 HIV-unexposed controls were included. Compared with controls, HEU children were smaller at birth, with an adjusted difference in mean WAZ and LAZ scores of −0.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], −.46 to −.12) and −0.51 (95% CI, −.71 to −.31), respectively (both P ≤ .001). Over time, there was a trend toward increasing WAZ and LAZ scores in HEU children, and there was no significant difference in adjusted WAZ scores after age 14 days (−0.13 [95% CI, −.27 to .01]; P = .07) and LAZ scores after age 6 months (−0.15 [95% CI, −.32 to .02]; P = .08). Conclusion Compared with a matched control group, HEU children were smaller at birth, but this difference decreased with time and is not considered to have a negative effect on the health and well-being of HEU children during early childhood.

Diagnostic value of anti-CD74 antibodies in early and late axial spondyloarthritis and its relationship to disease activity

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Mahmoud Abdelaziz ◽  
Rania M Gamal ◽  
Nadia M Ismail ◽  
Raghda A Lafy ◽  
Helal F Hetta
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Inactive Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the role of anti-CD74 antibodies in diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and their relationship to disease duration and disease activity. Methods Fifty patients with axSpA, 15 patients with RA and 15 healthy subjects were included in the study. Clinical examination and laboratory tests were done. The ESR, CRP level and ASDAS were measured as markers of the disease activity. Quantitative determination of human CD74 IgG antibodies was done. Results The mean age of the patients was 38.22 (S.D.12.20) years. The level of CD74 autoantibodies was significantly higher in axSpA in comparison to control groups. Most patients with positive articular and extra-articular manifestations were positive for CD74 autoantibodies. In patients with inactive disease, 33.3% were positive for CD74 autoantibodies, as were 83% with active disease. High percentages of patients with early and late axSPA were CD74 autoantibody positive. The majority of patients with positive disease activity in early and late axSpA were CD74 autoantibody positive. CD74 autoantibodies had 80% sensitivity vs both control groups with 87% specificity vs the healthy control group and 80% vs the RA control group in the diagnosis of axSpA. Conclusions The frequency of positive anti-CD74 IgG antibodies was as high in patients with early axSpA as in those with late axSpA, with no significant differences. There was a significant difference in the frequency of positive anti-CD74 IgG antibodies between patients with positive and negative disease activity. Based on the sensitivity and specificity of anti-CD74 IgG, this is a promising diagnostic tool to support the clinical diagnosis of axSpA.

scholarly journals Differences in Erythrocyte Magnesium Levels between Men with Schizophrenia Treated with Risperidone and Haloperidol in Prof. Dr. M Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Ihsan Fadhilah ◽  
Bahagia Loebis ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada ◽  
Nazli Mahdinasari Nasution ◽  
Elmeida Effendy
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia according to the world health organization is one of the top ten causes of disability in developed countries around the world. Because of the severity, chronicity, and prevalence of schizophrenia, it has a very large economic burden. Magnesium is a micronutrient needed by the body which can affect mental health. Erythrocyte magnesium levels are considered more sensitive than serum magnesium levels to reflect intracellular magnesium status. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the differences in erythrocyte magnesium levels between men with schizophrenia who received risperidone and haloperidol treatment at Prof. Dr. M Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital, Medan. METHODS: This study is an intention to treat and is an experimental pre-test and post-test that compares two groups, namely the intervention group and the control group. The sampling method is non-probability sampling with a consecutive sampling type. The research was conducted at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital Medan between July and October 2019. The subjects of the study were 60 men with schizophrenia, namely, 30 who received risperidone and 30 who received haloperidol. RESULTS: There was a difference in the levels of male erythrocyte magnesium with schizophrenia who received risperidone and haloperidol between the initial week and the third week with a value of p = 0.007. Where there was a higher increase in the haloperidol group which showed a significant difference, namely, p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: The increase in magnesium levels will improve the symptoms of schizophrenia where magnesium activity decreases glutamate release associated with N-Methyl D-Aspartate receptors and results in the activity of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic system.

scholarly journals Metode mikrokoloni (slide culture) sebagai metode diagnostic alternative yang lebih cepat untuk diagnosis tuberculosis paru

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Koendhori ◽  
Setio Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Slide Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Method Analysis

Despite wide distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia, its diagnosis is still an important issue to be dealt with. Fourty seven sputums from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Surabaya were examined to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis using three methods, i.e. the acidfast stain Ziehl Neelsen, microcolony (slide culture) and Lowenstein Jensen. Sputums were collected spontaneously from the patients. All of them were decontaminated and centrifuged. After the supernatant fluids were carefully decanted, the sediments were resuspended in 1 ml of 10 mMphosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and the suspensions were then inoculated on to two 76 x 13 mm glass microscope slides. One of them was stained by Ziehl Neelsen method and the other was inoculated into microcolony media for seven days and the waste suspension was inoculated into LowensteinJensen media. The results of the microcolony method analysis were compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining. Employing McNemar test, a significant difference was observed between the microcolony method and the Ziehl Neelsen staining (?² = 5,88). The sensitivity and spesificity ofmicrocolony were 100% and 89% while the Ziehl Neelsen were 60% and 84% respectively. In conclusions microcolony method was better compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microcolony method was able to reduce time required todetect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patient suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis.

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