scholarly journals The influence of seed rate on the growth and development of early maturysorg cereal hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
A.O. Rozhkov ◽  
L.A. Sviridova ◽  
A.N. Sviridov
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Phenological Phases

The results of four-year research on the influence of seeding rates on the dynamics of biometric indicators, the duration of phenological phases of development and plant safety of modern early-ripening hybrids of grain sorghum are given. It is established that the seeding rates of 120 and 160 thousand pieces/ha cause lengthening of the tillering period and the interphase formation period – grain ripening. Increasing the seeding rate to 240 thousand pieces /ha led to a decrease in the field germination rates of seeds and plant safety in all studying hybrids. The discrepancy between the height of plants by the seeding rates of 120 and 160 thousand pieces/ha was minimal and increased at high seeding rates of 200 and 240 thousand pieces / ha. For all the studying seeding rates, the maximum air-dry mass of plants was formed by the hybrid sorghum Yutami in all years of research. Keywords: sorghum, seeding rate, phenological phases, field germination, plant safety, height, air-dry mass.

Field germination and preservation of grain sorghum plants depending on the row-spacing width and the seeding rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
A.A. Rozhkov ◽  
S.Yu. Davydenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Adaptive Technologies

The results of two-year research on the complex effect of different options of row-spacing width and the seeding rate on field germination and preservation of grain sorghum hybrids plants are presented. Problem statement. The conservatism of agricultural products producers, as well as the lack of adaptive technologies for growing sorghum, is a limiting factor of enlargement of sorghum sowing areas. That is why improving the technology of sorghum growing, which forms high and stable yields under arid conditions, is a relevant task at the current stage of country's agricultural sector development. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of various options of combining the seeding rate and row-spacing width on field germination and preservation of grain sorghum plants under conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Research methods. Research on study the influence of three row-spacing width – 35, 45 and 70 cm and four options of the seeding rates of 100, 140, 180 and 220 thousand pieces/ha on field germination and preservation of sorghum plants of Svat and Flagg hybrids were held in 2019, 2020 on the basis of Farming Enterprise "Dyunis" of Kreminsk District, Luhansk Region. The area of sown and accounting plots was 40.0 and 30.0 m2, respectively. Research results. In experiments we have noted the tendency to increase field germination, under condition of the seeding rate increases and row-spacing widening. The influence of the studying options of the seeding rate and row-spacing on plant preservation was significantly higher than on field germination. On the crops of both hybrids, the influence of the seeding rate to a greater extent manifested on the options with row-spacing of 70 cm. Thus, with an increase in the seeding rate from 100 to 220 thousand pieces/ha, the plant preservation on the options with 35 cm row-spacing decreased by 3.5 %, while on the options with 70 cm row-spacing – by 6.7 %. There was no significant difference between the plant preservation indicators obtained on the options with row-spacing of 35 and 45 cm. With the widening of the row-spacing to 70 cm, this indicator significantly decreased. Conclusions. The studied element of the cultivation technology provided certain changes in the indices of field germination of seeds and the safety of sorghum plants. More influence they have on the safety of the plant, since the start of the growing competition between the plants is much less. An increase in the seeding rate caused a significant decrease in plant preservation, and to a greater extent with an increase in the seeding rate from 180 to 220 thousand pieces/ha. In the seeding rate from 100 to 180 thousand pieces/ha, there was no significant variation in the survival rates of sorghum plants. There was virtually no difference between the survival rates of sorghum plants in variants with row spacing of 35 and 45 cm, which indicates that within the boundaries of these row spacing, the competition between plants does not change significantly. Key words: row-spacing width, seeding rate, sorghum, hybrid, field germination, plants preservation.

scholarly journals Оцінка розвитку посівів сорго зернового за фенологічними спостереженнями

2017 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Л. А. Свиридова ◽  
А. О. Рожков
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
The Individual

Висвітлено результати чотирирічних досліджень щодо впливу технологічних чинників: способів сівби та норм висіву на час проходження окремих фаз розвитку рослин сорго зернового. У дослідах доведено вплив цих чинників на варіабельність тривалості проходження досліджуваних фаз росту і розвитку рослин. Із послабленням ценотичної напруги у посівах за рахунок застосування широкорядного способу сівби з міжряддями 45 см і норм висіву насіння 120 і 160 тис. шт./га відзначено прискорене проходження посівами сорго зернового фази трубкування. Разом із тим зменшення конкурентної боротьби в посівах рослин за оптимізації способу сівби та зменшення норми висіву, навпаки, приводило до «розтягування» фази кущіння та міжфазного періоду формування-наливання зерна, що сприяло повнішому використанню агроресурсу та формуванню вищої врожайності зерна рослин. Відмічені закономірності проявлялися в усі роки досліджень. The results of the four-year research concerning the influence of technological factors dealing with the: methods of sowing and seeding standards during the individual certain stages of the grain sorghum plants development are presented. The experiments proved the influence of these factors on the variability of the duration of the studied phases concerning growth and development of plants. When the coenotic stress in the crops grows weak due to the use of a broad-row sowing method with intermediate rows of 45 cm and seeding standards of 120 and 160 thousand pcs./ha, the accelerated tubing phase passage of grain sorghum crop was noted. At the same time, when the competition in plant crops to optimize the sowing method and reduce the seed rate became low on the contrary, it caused the «stretching» of the busing phase and the interphasal period of grain forming and ripening, which contributed to a more complete use of agrarian resources and the formation of higher crop yields. The marked patterns were manifested during all years of research.

scholarly journals Features of growth and development of grain sorghum plants in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
L. Pravdyva
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vegetative Season

Grain sorghum is one of the most highly productive multipurpose grain crops for food, feeding and technical purposes. Considering this, the research of the elements of the technology of grain sorghum growing is expedient and high-potential. The article presents the research results of the influence of the sowing time and the depth of planting seeds on the phenological observations, field germination of seeds, biometric indicators of sorghum plants of the grain varieties Dniprovskyi 39 and Vinets in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the research is to establish the optimal sowing time and the depth of planting seeds of the grain sorghum varieties, to substantiate their influence on the characteristics of plant growth and development in the conditions of the RightBank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted during 2016–2020 in the conditions of the Bilotserkivska RAS of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It is proved that the sowing time and the depth of seeding have a significant impact on the growth and development of the grain sorghum plants. It is established that at the 1st decade of May and to the planting depth of 4–6 cm the grain sorghum seeds vegetative season reduces and equates 108 for the Dniprovskyi variety, and 105 days for the Vinets variety. Sowing seeds at the 3rd decade of April and the 2nd decade of May, as well as decreasing the planting depth to 2 cm and increasing to 8 cm, lengthens the grain sorghum vegetative season of the researched varieties. Field germination reached its maximum in grain sorghum seeds sowing at the 1st decade of May and to the planting depth of 4–6 cm and equals to 84.2–86.8 % for the Dniprovskyi 39 variety and 83.1–85.4 % for the Vinets variety. Biometric indicators that affect the formation of crop productivity, namely, plant height, bushiness, stem diameter, were maximum in the same variant of the experiment. Key words: grain sorghum, varieties, sowing time, seeding depth, phenological observations, biometric indicators.

scholarly journals Seasonal rhythm of growth and development of new cultivars of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) introduced into the Belarusian Polesie

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-485
Author(s):  
O. V. Drozd
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
Phenological Phases

Based on the data of seven-year observations of the rhythms of seasonal growth and development, the features of the passage of the phases of phenological development of 15 cultivars of highbush blueberry and 1 cultivar of lowbush blueberry have been presented in the article. The rhythmic plasticity of the blueberry cultivars introduced in Belarus appeared in the ability to change phenorhythmics by the reason of different weather conditions during the years of observation. It was reflected in the variation of dates of the main phenological phases onset. At the same time, inter-branch differences in the early phases of development (vegetative) were insignificant, they became much more pronounced in terms of the passage of the phenological phases associated with the development of the generative sphere of the highbush blueberry. The investigated blueberry cultivars under the conditions of the introduction point retain their inherent order of fruit ripening, characteristic of their homeland.The climatic conditions of the Belarusian Polesie ensure the passage of a full cycle of seasonal development by the investigated highbush blueberry of the entire spectrum of ripening of the crop. At the same time, inter-branch differences in the duration of the growing season are insignificant. The obtained results testify to the prospects of the investigated blueberry cultivars of different maturation periods for homestead and industrial gardening in the Belarusian Polesie and determine the expediency of carrying out further introductory research.

scholarly journals Продуктивність коріандру залежно від строків сівби, норми висіву та ширини міжрядь у північному Степу України

2013 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Г. М. Козелець
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Rate

Наведено результати досліджень впливу норми висіву і ширини міжрядь на продуктивність коріандру за підзимового та ранньовесняного строків сівби.Встановлено, що кращим строком сівби для коріандру є підзимовий, за якого врожайність плодів становила 1,21 т/га, що більше порівняно із ранньовесняним на 0,30 т/га, або 24,7 %. Для коріандру в умовах північного Степу оптимальною є норма висіву 2,0–2,5 млн сх. нас. на 1 га, яка забезпечила урожайність 1,14–1,15 т/га. Сівба з шириною міжрядь 0,45 м сприяла отриманню врожайності 1,09 т/га, що більше ніж при 0,15 м на 0,06 т/га, або 8,0 %. Вищий рівень врожаю (1,39 т/га) отримано за підзимового строку сівби з шириною міжрядь 0,45 м та нормою висіву 2,0 млн сх. нас. на 1 га. The results of investigations of the effect of seed rate and row spacing on the productivity of coriander on the podzim and early spring yields are given.It was established that the best seeding period for coriander is the podzimovy, in which the fruit yield was 1.21 t / ha, which is more compared to the early spring by 0.30 t / ha, or 24.7%. For a coriander in the conditions of the northern steppe, the seeding rate of 2.0-2.5 million cu is optimal. us. per 1 hectare, which yields 1.14-1.15 t / ha. A seam with a width of 0.45 m row spacings contributed to yielding 1.09 t / ha, which is more than 0.15 m at 0.06 t / ha, or 8.0%. The highest level of harvest (1.39 t / ha) was obtained for the podium seeding period with a width of rows of 0.45 m and a seeding rate of 2.0 million growing seeds per 1 hectare.

scholarly journals Effects of plant density and proportion on the interaction between wheat with alexandergrass plants

Bragantia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
José Valcir Fidelis Martins
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Mixture Experiment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Characteristics

Determination of competitive relationships among plant species requires appropriate experimental designs and method of analysis. The hypothesis of this research was that two species growing in coexistence show different growth and development due to their relative competitiveness. This research aims to measure the relative competitiveness of wheat crop compared to Alexandergrass by the interpretation of plant density and proportional effects using replacement series experiments. Monocultures were cultivated in densities of 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 plants per pot and analyzed by regression of dry mass data. Mixture experiment was cultivated in wheat:Alexandergrass proportions of 0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1 and 6:0 plants per pot and analyzed by graphical interpretation of growth and production characteristics. Both experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Alexandergrass was more sensitive to intraspecific competition than wheat. Alexandergrass was lightly more competitive than wheat. Number and weight of spikes and number of tillers were the wheat characteristics more affected by Alexandergrass interference.

scholarly journals Influence of biostimulant and substrate volume on root growth and development of scarlet sage (Salvia splendens L.) transplants

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svjetlana Zeljkovic ◽  
Nada Paradjikovic ◽  
Tamara Babic ◽  
Gordana Djuric ◽  
Rodoljub Oljaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Adaptation To Stress ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Root Growth And Development

The influence of biostimulant and substrate volume on scarlet sage transplants growth and development was examined in this investigation. There was one cultivar of scarlet sage used in trial which was transplanted in pots of two different volumes. Plants were treated with biostimulant (Radifarm) in concentration of 0.25% or left untreated (control). During the trial, root and aboveground fresh and dry mass were recorded. Treatment with biostimulant and bigger substrate volume showed good results by increasing investigated parameters. Investigation shows how biostimulant application to scarlet sage transplants production improves growth and development of root and aboveground mass which is important for faster plant adaptation to stress during transplanting.

scholarly journals Growth and Development of Introduced Larix Mill. Species in the Taiga Zone (Karelia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-83
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Kishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Larix Sibirica ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
State University ◽  
Residential Landscaping ◽  
Phenological Phases

The study reports results of research carried out from April to October during 1988–2016 at the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (South Karelia, middle taiga subzones). Three introduced species of the genus Larix (Larix sibirica Ledeb., L. leptolepis (Sieb. et Zucc.) Gord, and L. dahurica Turcz. ex Trautv.) were studied. The growth of shoots and needles in different species begins, reaches its culmination, and ends almost simultaneously, differing by no more than one week across the species. L. sibirica shows the highest growth rate. The timing of growth, culmination, and the dynamics of growth of shoots and needles are largely determined by variations in precipitation, temperature, and humidity. The direction and strength of such an effect may vary from year to year. The dates of phenological phases of the Larix species studied here are chiefly determined by the air temperature in the current growing season and the dates of formation of wintering buds in the previous growing season. Bud swelling and opening begins almost simultaneously in the studied species. Most of the other phenological phases begin and end earliest in L. sibirica and latest in L. leptolepis. All the studied species, primarily L. sibirica, are promising for residential landscaping and creation of artificial plant communities in Karelia

scholarly journals Formation of reproductive organs in an early-ripening soybean variety, depending on the daylight duration

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Valentina Sinegovskaya ◽  
Anna Levina
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Sowing Period

To study the reaction of an early-ripening soybean variety to the formation of plant reproductive organs under the influence of different length of daylight hours, studies of 2 sowing periods in a growing house with a new early-ripening variety Sentyabrinka of the FSBSI FRC VNII of Soybean were conducted. Artificial reduction of the daylight duration to 8 hours was established from the phase of the 3rd triple leaf with alternating day and night periods in each variant 7 times during the growing season. The control was plants whose growth and development took place in natural light conditions. According to the research results, it was found that the change in the daylight duration during the vegetation period had a significant impact on the duration of the phases of plant growth and development, the growing season as a whole. When sowing soybeans on May 28 with a natural daylight, the height of plants and their seed productivity were higher than those of plants with a shortened daylight. At this sowing period, the highest productivity was obtained from one plant – 9.3 g, which is 1.0 g more compared to soybean plants with a sowing period of June 3. The growth of plants, the formation of reproductive organs and the seed productivity of the early-repining variety Sentyabrinka depended on the duration of daylight, which can be regulated by the sowing period.

scholarly journals Особенности основных фенологических фаз продукционного периода сортов Negr

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Alla Polulyakh ◽  
Vladimir Volynkin ◽  
Magometsaigit Beibulatov
Keyword(s):  
Ripening Period ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Phenological Phases

Знание фенологических особенностей сортов винограда важно для формирования промышленного конвейера столовых сортов винограда и в селекционной работе при создании сортов с заданным хозяйственными характеристиками. В результате анализа дат наступления основных фенологических фаз столовых сортов винограда V. v. orientalis Negr. в условиях ампелографической коллекции установлено, что согласно международному классификатору OIV по продолжительности продукционного периода изученные сорта разделяются на пять групп: сорта раннего, раннесреднего, среднего, среднепозднего и позднего сроков созревания. Продолжительность продукционного периода у столовых сортов V. v. orientalis Negr. раннего срока созревания составляет 115±4,4 - 121±1,6 дней, раннесреднего срока созревания 129 - 135±2,4 дней, среднего срока созревания 141±1,3 - 145±0,9 дней, сортов среднепозднего срока созревания 146 - 155±0,7 дней, сортов позднего срока созревания 156±0,5 - 165±2,0 дней.Understanding of the phenological peculiarities of grapevine cultivars is important for the formation of an industrial conveyor of table grapes and in breeding work when creating cultivars with pre-determined economic characteristics. Analysis of the onset dates of main phenological phases of table grapevine cultivars V. v. orientalis Negr. in the conditions of ampelographic collection revealed that, according to the OIV international classifier, the studied cultivars can be divided into five groups based on the length of production period: early, early-medium, medium, medium-late and late ripening. The length of production period of table cultivars V. v. orientalis Negr. of early ripening period is 115 ± 4.4 - 121 ± 1.6 days, that of early-medium ripening period is 129 - 135 ± 2.4 days, of medium ripening period is 141 ± 1.3 - 145 ± 0.9 days, for varieties of medium-late ripening period it is 146 - 155 ± 0.7 days, late ripening cultivars - 156 ± 0.5 - 165 ± 2.0 days.

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