THE CONTRIBUTION OF CURRENT LABORATORY METHODS IN CONDUCTING BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF LEAD EXPOSURE TO THE WORKERS OF A LEAD RECYCLING PLANT

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
L.P. Kuzmina ◽  
A.G. Khotuleva ◽  
L.M. Bezrukavnikova ◽  
N.S. Sorkina ◽  
E.S. Tsidilkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Hemochromatosis Gene ◽  
Lead Recycling ◽  
The Individual

To assess the informative value of the expansion of the laboratory tests complex in conducting biological monitoring of lead exposure to the organism, in workers of a lead recycling plant there were determined iron and ferritin levels for the analysis of the association of iron metabolism disorders with chronic exposure to lead, polymorphisms of the hemochromatosis gene as a risk factor for increased lead absorption, erythrocytes and reticulocytes parameters for the detection of early signs of toxic effects of lead on erythropoiesis. There was determined an importance of an estimation of an iron metabolism in workers exposed to lead for detecting risk groups of conditions connected with an iron overload. To assess the early signs of the toxic effect of lead on erythropoiesis, it is informative not only to determine the amount of reticulocytes, but also to estimate the ratio of reticulocyte fractions. The determination of the polymorphism of the hemochromatosis gene can be used to assess the individual risk of developing lead poisoning.

Predictors of Acute Myocardial Infarction Development in Personnel of Radiation Dangerous Plants. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Yu. Semenova ◽  
A. Karpov ◽  
T. Takhauova ◽  
D. Kalinkin ◽  
A. Takhauov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Medical Radiology ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Siberian Group

Purpose: To examine the predictors of acute myocardial infarction development and to evaluate the relationship of the radiation component (external γ-radiation) with the probability of developing acute myocardial infarction in workers of radiation-dangerous plants working age (under 60 for men, 55 for women), by the example of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises personnel. Material and methods: The work is based on the results of a prospective population study (1998–2013). The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was verified in 540 people of working age (34 women and 506 men). For each case selected control (n = 1,080) among the employees of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises, passed periodic medical examination in the study period. Every person was described by means of 46 variables including characteristics of social status, a number of risk factors, associated diseases, biochemical indices including the level of general cholesterol, the main clinical data, cumulative dose of external radiation and the amount of 239Pu content in an organism. Results: It was determined that in the group of the personnel of working age the most important traditional predictors of acute myocardial infarction, less important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease are conditions of the individual accumulation of a dose, but not the magnitude of the total external doses in the evaluation range. Conclusion: To improve the system of preventive measures aimed at reducing the level of morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction, it is recommended to form risk groups taking into account the most significant predictors of this disease (age, systolic blood pressure, smoking). For the personnel of radiation dangerous plants working age insignificant conditions for the formation of radiation dose (age of first exposure, the rate of accumulation of radiation dose, duration of exposure) under conditions of trouble-free operation of the equipment. Active measures for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and targeted correction of detected somatic disorders for the prevention of acute vascular catastrophes are expedient for workers of radiation hazardous industries from 40 to 60 years with an individual risk of acute myocardial infarction less than 50 % using the model described below.

Forecast of Radiation Risks of the Population in the Contaminated 137Cs Territories of Russia, in Accordance with Current ICRP Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
A. Menyajlo ◽  
V. Kashcheev ◽  
E. Pryakhin ◽  
M. Maksyutov ◽  
K. Tumanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual

Purpose: Calculations of radiation detriment to the population currently living (in 2020) in the territories of Russia contaminated with 137Cs after the Chernobyl accident in 1986. Material and methods: Radiation detriment was calculated in two ways: according to the original ICRP method, and approximate calculation as the product of the nominal risk factor of RSS-99/2009 by the effective dose (nominal radiation detriment). For ICRP calculations, equivalent doses were estimated using the dose coefficients of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The number of the studied population at the beginning of 2020 was 142676 people, 65205 men and 77471 women. This is mainly the population of the Bryansk region and Tula region, 85.5 % and 10 % of the total population, respectively. The average accumulated effective dose of the population was 30.6 mSv, and the maximum individual accumulated dose was 707 mSv. Results: In 2020, for men at the age of 44 and for women at the age of 55, the nominal radiation detriment is approximately equal to the value of radiation detriment calculated using the ICRP method. At the same time, the nominal detriment is significantly (up to 2.3 times) underestimated for younger and overestimated for older ages. In 2020, the critical population groups with the highest accumulated doses and maximum radiation detriment are men aged 34 and women aged 35. For these population groups, the average accumulated effective doses were 35.3 mSv and 39.2 mSv, and the average radiation detriment was 2.6×10–3 and 4.2×10–3, for men and women, respectively. For 11.8 % of the population (8.3 % of men and 14.8 % of women), the individual radiation detriment calculated using the ICRP method exceeds the value of 3.5×10–3, which corresponds to the maximum increase in individual risk for the population over 70 years of exposure, established by RSS-99/2009 for normal exposure conditions. The maximum radiation detriment of 3.9×10–2 was found for a woman of the Krasnogorsky district of the Bryansk region at the age of 37 years, with an accumulated effective dose of 392 mSv. Conclusion: The results of this work can be used in preparing recommendations to health authorities on improving medical supervision of exposured citizens living in areas contaminated with radionuclides, as well as in developing regulatory documents for the provision of targeted medical care to people from high radiation risk groups using personalized medicine methods.

Importance of Hip-Spine Syndrome in Hip Arthroplasty: Influence on the Outcome and Therapeutic Consequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Severin Langer ◽  
Maximilian Stephan ◽  
Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Therapeutic Consequences ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual

AbstractCorrect interaction between the spine, pelvis, and hip is an essential condition for successful progress after total hip replacement. Spinal pathologies, such as degeneration, fractures, and spinopelvic imbalance with and without lumbar fusions, are closely associated with an increased risk of impingement or even dislocation of the prosthesis. To significantly reduce this risk, various parameters are required to quantify the risk groups. Knowledge on the presence of stiffness of the spine (change in pelvic tilt between standing and sitting at < 10°) and sagittal spinal deformity (pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis mismatch > 10° or 20°) is essential in identifying patients with corresponding risk. The individual risk profile can be assessed through a specific history and examination. Before total hip arthroplasty, a routine preoperative workup is recommended for high-risk patients: using information from standardised preoperative radiographs while sitting and standing (pelvis, anteroposterior view, lying and standing; spine and pelvis, lateral view, standing and sitting). Important changes can be made during the surgery. If the spine is stiff, attention should be paid to the position of the cup, with increased anteversion, sufficient offset, and larger head that is secure to dislocation – to reduce the risk of dislocation. In the case of a sagittal spinal deformity, the functional coronary pelvic level must be carefully controlled so that it is better to use double mobility cups. Digital systems, such as navigation and robotics, can optimise component positioning although, so far, there is little evidence that the complication rate decreased. Therefore, further studies are warranted.

Patterns of Neuroticism, Work-Family Stress, and Resources as Determinants of Personal Distress

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus A. Schneewind ◽  
Melanie Kupsch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Discordant Couple ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Pattern

Abstract. Based on a sample of 632 German-speaking dual-earner couples from three European countries (Austria, Germany, and Switzerland) with at least one child aged 1 to 5 years, three different clusters representing specific risk patterns of low vs. high levels in (1) personality (neuroticism), (2) work- and family-related stress, and (3) personal and social resources were identified and related to the level of personal distress expressed by the corresponding female and male risk groups. At the individual level, the results showed marked differences in personal distress depending on which risk pattern the persons belong to. Moreover, compensatory effects that reduce the impact of high neuroticism on personal distress were found. Gender differences in personal distress were significant, albeit relatively small, for all three risk groups. At the couple level, when analyzing different within-couple constellations of risk patterns showed that concordant within-couple risk patterns corroborate both partners' gender-specific levels of personal distress whereas in discordant-couple constellations, with one partner belonging to a high and the other to a low individual risk pattern, no buffering partner-effects were found. Differential intervention strategies for reducing the level of personal distress are suggested.

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO MERCURY AND ITS COMPOUNDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P. Golovkova ◽  
◽  
N.I. Kotova ◽  
L.M. Leskina
Keyword(s):  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Professional Exposure ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
The Individual

Abstract: Biological monitoring is used to assess the toxic effect of mercury on the human body and to identify risk groups for the development of mercury intoxication at various stages of clinical and laboratory examination of workers who have contact with mercury vapor. A comprehensive analysis of changes in the biomarkers of exposure and effect in the conditions of professional exposure to mercury on the body of workers allows us to identify groups at increased risk of developing health disorders and optimize therapeutic and preventive measures taking into account the individual characteristics of the body. Biological monitoring should be implemented at the stage of preliminary, periodic medical examinations and in-depth examination of workers in contact with mercury vapor. Correlation and regression analysis of the data obtained showed a significant positive relationship between the average concentration of mercury in the air of the working area and the average concentration of mercury in the urine of the main occupational groups of mercury production workers.

scholarly journals Biological monitoring of lead exposure in high risk groups in Berat, Albania

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tabaku ◽  
V. Bizgha ◽  
S. I. Rahlenbeck
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Risk Groups

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ДЕТЕРМІНАЦІЯ ДОМІНУЮЧОГО ІНСТИНКТУ У КОНСТРУКТИВНІЙ САМОРЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЖІНОК

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Ольга Віговська
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Rational Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range

У статті теоретично обґрунтовано феномен конструктивного самозбереження особистості як ознаки самоактуалізації, розкриття власного потенціалу і побудови перспективи розвитку особистості та емпірично виявлено ознаки психологічної детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок з різним соціальним статусом. Зазначено, що проблема самозбереження асоціюється з особливостями прояву інстинкту самозбереження людини, але потреби вищого порядку зумовлюють соціальну природу її поведінки, яка локалізована у найвищій точці самореалізації. Теоретично обгрунтовано, що самореалізація визначає тенденцію раціональної організації життя людини та проявляється у її почутті задоволеністю життям. З’ясовано, що психологічну основу конструктивного самозбереження становлять індивідуально-типологічні характеристики людини, які відображають психофізіологічні та психосоціальні резерви самореалізації особистості. Розроблена програма емпіричного дослідження, а також комплекс використаних методів математичної обробки результатів дослідження дає змогу конкретизувати психологічний зміст детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок вікового діапазону 35-45 років та з різним соціальним статусом. У жінок, які виховують проблемну (хвору) дитину, домінує інстинкт "егофільного типу", що виражається у їх надмірному егоцентризмі і супроводжується низькими показниками самоактуалізації, на відміну від досліджуваних жінок, які виховують здорових дітей і у яких на фоні вираженої тенденції до самоактуалізації домінує базовий інстинкт "дослідницького типу" та "лібертофільного типу". This article theoretically proves constructive phenomenon of self identity as signs of self-disclosure own potential and prospects of development of individual construction. In addition, it empirically showes signs of psychological determination of the dominant instinct in a constructive self-determination of women with different social statuses. It was noted that the issue of self-preservation is associated with the peculiarities of manifestation of self-preservation instinct of man, but it needs higher-order cause social nature of the behavior that is localized at the highest point of self-realization. It theorized that self-realization determines the trend of rational organization of human life and manifests itself in its sense of life satisfaction. It was found that the psychological basis of constructive self-preservation of the individual make individually-typological characteristics of a person that reflect physiological and psychosocial reserves of self-realization. The developed program of empirical research, as well as the methods used complex mathematical processing of results of research allows to specify the content of the psychological determination of the dominant instinct of constructive self-realization а women age range of 35-45 years and with different social status. Women who bring up the problem child dominates the instinct of self-preservation, which is reflected in their excessive self-centeredness, and is accompanied by low levels of self-actualization, as opposed to the study of women who are raising healthy children and that against the backdrop of a pronounced tendency to self-actualization, dominated by basic instinct "research type" and "independent type."

The importance and significance of gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
P.N. Veropotvelyan ◽  
◽  
I.S. Tsehmistrenko ◽  
N.P. Veropotvelyan ◽  
N.S. Rusak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Extended Study ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
Detoxification System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Was to conduct a systematic review of data on the relationship between polymorphisms genes of detoxification system and development of preeclampsia (РЕ). Рresents the main genes of detoxification system (GSTPI, GSTМI, GSTТI, GРХI, ЕРНХI, SOD-2, SOD-3, CYPIAL, MTHЕR, MTR) and their functions. Of interest is the possibility of calculating the individual risk of PE based on the results about the presence of a combination of different polymorphisms in the genotype of the female. Question about early diagnosis of РЕ remains controversial and not fully understood. It is necessary to conduct further in-depth, extended study of this problem. Key words: preeclampsia, oxidative stress, genes of the detoxification system.

Determination of allostatic load dynamics in the assessment of adaptation in temporary workers in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 547-548
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Atkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
The Individual

The individual dynamics of the allostatic load index was revealed mainly due to changes in the glucose level, body mass index, which makes it applicable for assessing the short-term adaptation to the stay in the conditions of shift work

THE SUBJECT FIELD OF INSTITUTIONAL EDUCATION: THE SENSE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Irina Mordous
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
National Education ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Separate Area ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Economic

The development of modern civilization attests to its decisive role in the progressive development of institutions. They identified the difference between Western civilization and the rest of the world. Confirmation of the institutional advantages of the West was its early industrialization. The genesis and formation of institutionalism in its ideological and conceptualmethodological orientation occurs as a process alternative to neoclassic in the context of world heterodoxia, which quickly spread in social science. Highlighting institutional education as a separate area of sociocultural activity is determined by the factor of differentiation of institutional theory as a whole. A feature of institutional education is its orientation toward the individual and his/her transformation into a personality. The content of institutional education is revealed through the analysis of the institution, which includes a set of established customs, traditions, ways of thinking, behavioral stereotypes of individuals and social groups. The dynamics of socio-political, economic transformations in Ukraine requires a review of the foundations of national education and determination of the prospects for its development in the 21st century in the context of institutionalism.

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