scholarly journals Psychodynamic personal predictors of alcohol addiction propensity for lawenforcement officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Valentin Shapoval
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Alcohol Addiction ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Integral Scale ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Personality Predictors ◽  
Psychodynamically Oriented ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the study of personality predictors of alcohol addiction propensity of internal affairs bodies employees within innovative psychodynamic G. Ammon’s (psychoanalytic) approach and structural-dynamic concept of personality. The novelty of the research is the original author’s psychodiagnostic toolkit – Psychodynamically oriented personality questionnaire (POLO) «Resource» and an expert psychodiagnostic system for assessing and predicting the professional psychological health of lawenforcers based on the assessment of central self-functions of the individual rooted in the unconscious. The relevance of the study is due to a significant number of violations of job discipline and legality. That includes accidents committed by employees while intoxicated, often with serious consequences and criminal prosecution, as well as the fairly widespread and concealed cases of alcohol addictions among lawenforcement officers. Another important factor is lack of effective methods of psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection and psychoprophylaxis. The study is based on a comparative analysis of 2 representative polar groups of internal affairs officers: the one verified prone and another of not prone to alcohol abuse. The study revealed that employees prone to alcohol addiction demonstrate a number of reliable psychodynamic personality characteristics that can be viewed as predictors: destructive aggression, deficit fear, deficient internal self-delimitation, as well as the general predominance of destructive-deficient components of the personal self-structure; indicators of psychosomatic, behavioral and neurotic maladaptation, and the integral scale of the general socio-psycho-somatic problem of POLO «Resource». The practical significance of the study is determined by the development of psychodynamic predictors and a special psychodiagnostic scale of propensity for alcohol addiction based on the Resource POLO, which can be used as an effective psychodiagnostic tool when conducting screening and monitoring psychoprophylactic examinations of employees and individual psychocorrectional work within the framework of the psychological support system of employees.

scholarly journals Psychodynamic determinants of value orientations of Suvorov Military School cadets of the MIA of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
ALINA V. KULINCHENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Psychodynamically Oriented ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Military School ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
To Come ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
University Training

Abstract. The relevance of the study of the topic under consideration is a result of the need to improve the quality of profile pre-university training carried out on the basis of the Suvorov military schools of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The priority direction of pre-university training is the formation and development of the motivational and personal orientation of Suvorov cadets for future educational and service-professional activities in the positions of cadets of departmental universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and after graduation - in the positions of officer-specialists with higher education. The implementation of this training direction requires a scientific and methodological definition of a relevant research subject that determines its success. It seems expedient to study as such a subject the cadets’ value orientations and associated self-structural personal formations rooted in the unconscious. As a result of the study, the value-orientational hierarchy of Suvorov school cadets of different years of training was determined, as well as the relationship of the value orientations of the cadets with the resource of their psychological health, reflecting the ratio of constructive and destructive-deficient central (unconscious) personality functions, was established. The data obtained allow us to come to the conclusion about the determinative influence of unconscious mechanisms on the formation of values at the stage of pre-university training of the Suvorov school cadets. Key words: value orientations, cadets, Suvorov military school of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, general constructiveness, general destructiveness, psychological health resource, psychodynamically oriented personality questionnaire «Resource», professional self-determination.

Collective Efficacy and Organizational Commitment in an Italian City Hall

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Borgogni ◽  
Silvia Dello Russo ◽  
Laura Petitta ◽  
Gary P. Latham
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
City Hall ◽  
Italian City ◽  
Public Sector Managers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Group

Employees (N = 170) of a City Hall in Italy were administered a questionnaire measuring collective efficacy (CE), perceptions of context (PoC), and organizational commitment (OC). Two facets of collective efficacy were identified, namely group and organizational. Structural equation models revealed that perceptions of top management display a stronger relationship with organizational collective efficacy, whereas employees’ perceptions of their colleagues and their direct superior are related to collective efficacy at the group level. Group collective efficacy had a stronger relationship with affective organizational commitment than did organizational collective efficacy. The theoretical significance of this study is in showing that CE is two-dimensional rather than unidimensional. The practical significance of this finding is that the PoC model provides a framework that public sector managers can use to increase the efficacy of the organization as a whole as well as the individual groups that compose it.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Model of the Relationship between Miners’ Work Commitment, Cultural Emotion and Unemployment Risk Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2995
Author(s):  
Yonghui Li ◽  
Jiahui Yang ◽  
Meifen Wu ◽  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Ruyin Long
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Work Commitment ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Unemployment Risk

The psychological health and work commitment of miners are prerequisites to ensuring their sustainable safety behavior, and it is also significant to the sustainable development of coal mines in China. In this context, we conducted a questionnaire survey among coal miners of state-owned coal enterprises to explore the relationships between cultural emotion, unemployment risk perception, Big Five personality traits, and work commitment. The results reveal that (1) cultural emotion and its three dimensions played a significant positive role in promoting work commitment. (2) Unemployment risk perception, policy unemployment risk perception, and individual differential unemployment risk perception had a negative moderating effect. (3) Moreover, work commitment was associated with differences in personality characteristics except for agreeableness. This research is of important theoretical value and practical significance, as it can guide Chinese coal miners to increase their work commitment and thereby improve safety in production.

Protecting privacy to protect mental health: the new ethical imperative

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 604-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Aboujaoude
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
The Individual

Confidentiality is a central bioethical principle governing the provider–patient relationship. Dating back to Hippocrates, new laws have interpreted it for the age of precision medicine and electronic medical records. This is where the discussion of privacy and technology often ends in the scientific health literature when Internet-related technologies have made privacy a much more complex challenge with broad psychological and clinical implications. Beyond the recognised moral duty to protect patients’ health information, clinicians should now advocate a basic right to privacy as a means to safeguard psychological health. The article reviews empirical research into the functions of privacy, the implications for psychological development and the resigned sentiment taking hold regarding the ability to control personal data. The article concludes with a call for legislative, educational and research steps to readjust the equilibrium between the individual and ‘Big Data’.

The Determinants and Consequences of Accurate Beliefs About Childhood Vaccinations

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Joslyn ◽  
Steven M. Sylvester
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In this article, we examine the individual predictors that are responsible for accurate beliefs about the link between vaccinations and autism. We then show how these beliefs affect policy preferences about vaccines. We derive two hypotheses from motivated reasoning theory and test these on national survey data from Gallup and CBS News. Republicans were less likely to report accurate beliefs than Democrats. In addition, educational attainment modified the impact of party identification. The gap between Republicans and Democrats in likelihood of reporting accurate beliefs was largest among the most educated portion of the public. Finally, we show that accurate beliefs about vaccines, independent of statistical controls, are important predictors of policy attitudes about unvaccinated children attending public school and parental choice about the decision to vaccinate. We discuss the theoretical and practical significance of these findings.

scholarly journals Les joueurs sans problème de jeu de 55 ans et plus : événements, conséquences et caractéristiques structurelles et environnementales influençant les habitudes de jeu

2016 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Isabelle Giroux ◽  
Francine Ferland ◽  
Cathy Savard ◽  
Christian Jacques ◽  
Priscilla Brochu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Individual

Gambling habits of people aged 55 years and over without gambling problems are rarely being investigated. In order to document life events and to identify the impacts of gambling on quality of life, 19 participants aged 55 to 74 years without gambling problems, male and female, were assembled in three focus groups. Qualitative content analysis of the groups reveals changes in gambling habits associated with transition to retirement and occurrence of health problems. The content analysis further reveals a variety of positive and negative consequences of gambling habits on finances, hobbies, social relationships, and psychological health. Although the focus groups did not target the structural or environmental characteristics of gambling that influence participants' gambling habits, those themes were brought up spontaneously. Results highlight the necessity to study life events from a larger perspective including, for example, protective and risk factors, in order to better understand the life contexts and the individual characteristics that may lead to an alteration or not of gambling habits.

scholarly journals Activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR on Combating Economic Crime in the Middle of 1950s

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
V. A. Grechenko
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

The relevance of the research topic is due to theoretical and practical significance of the problems of combating economic crime in modern conditions. In this regard, the issue of the effectiveness of the modernized police in accordance with the new tasks is of great importance. The original experience of combating economic crime was gained in previous years, but especially specific in this case were the 1950s, when there was departure from Stalin’s criminal policy, when the liberalization of the political regime and economic reforms began. In general, the country had a new political and economic situation. Various perpetrators also tried to take advantage of this, so the fight against both criminal and economic crime continued to be relevant in the new conditions. This topic is not enough studied in the historical and legal literature. Economic crime has been studied in the article in the sense that it was exactly in the specified historical period. For the first time in the historical and legal literature we studied the activities of the police to combat economic crime in the middle of 1950s, demonstrated certain achievements and shortcomings in this work, its management by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR. The historical and legal analysis of the normative acts regulating the work of militia in the specified sphere has been carried out. New archival documents have been introduced into scientific circulation, which made it possible to expand and deepen the scientific understanding of police activities during this period, to give it greater objectivity and reliability. The main attention has been paid to the fight against economic crime by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR; the author has demonstrated the shortcomings observed by the Ministry in this work, the ways to overcome them. It has been emphasized that the analysis of these phenomena by the staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was not always in-depth; there were repetitions and superficial judgments. The data characterizing the state of economic crime in the Republic in 1954-1955 has been provided.

scholarly journals Relations between typological personality traits and mechanisms of psychological defense

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-D) ◽  
pp. 517-527
Author(s):  
Vitaliy V. Kabakov ◽  
Andrey E. Sorokin ◽  
Anatoly V. Ryapukhin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The Individual

Research object is the typological personality traits. Subject of research is the relation of temperament and the mechanism of psychological defense. Purpose of the research is to reveal the relation between the typological characteristics of the personality and the mechanisms of psychological defense. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that there is a relation between the typological characteristics of the personality and the mechanisms of psychological defense. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the results obtained can become the basis for the development of a program for the correction or optimization of psychological defense mechanisms based on the typological characteristics of the individual.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SYMPTOMS: FLUCTUATION OR RESPONSIBILITY AND FREEDOM INTERNALLY OF CHOICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kalishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Symptom Formation

The paper raises the issue of exacerbation of psychological problems caused by the political and economic environment, which creates a general social tension and becomes a background that exacerbates the existential problems of the individual. That's why author emphasizes on a particular need for the development of therapeutic direction and a detailed and well-grounded development of therapeutic concepts. It creates ways of an effective solve of current problems of psychological health and well-being of the person. The article explained the conceptual provisions of the establishment, operation and therapeutic work with the symptom. The main characteristics, structure and overall symptom phenomenological expanse from the standpoint of the existential approach of the theory of system solutions and system modeling. Psychological functions of a symptom are considered. Issues of operationalization of a symptom and definition of conceptual provisions of its formation are solved . Basic rules of interpretation of a symptom and interpretation of the concept are described in terms of several approaches. The conceptual provisions of symptom formation that allow to include it in psycho-corrective methods are considered in detail. The methods of the existential-systemic technological approach for providing psychological assistance to the client are analyzed and empirically tested, providing dynamic changes in the content of the "picture of the world" of clients in the cognitive and ontological plans. According to the empirical study, psychosomatic, emotional and behavioral symptoms were presented. It has been shown that symptoms with different specificities have unchanging constituents and functions. It also has been shown that applying an existential approach helps the symptomatic client to produce a new, better reality that will take into account the actual needs and aspirations of the subject. Thus, the main task, which is directed and work with the symptom – is the person's approach to himself/herself, greater sensitivity to his own real existential aspirations.

Criminal law measures to combat provocation of crimes and falsification of criminals

2021 ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Viktor N. Borkov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the criminal-legal aspects of the actual problem of protecting the inviolability of the individual from the unacceptable activity of state representatives in the exercise of law enforcement functions. Topical issues for theory and practice of the legal nature of the provocation of crime and the falsification of criminals remain debatable. There are no unified approaches to the qualification of provocative and inflammatory actions and cases of "throwing" objects to citizens, for the turnover of which criminal responsibility arises, there is no theoretical justification for the criminal legal status of persons provoked to commit a crime. The article shows that the qualification of common cases of provocation of crimes and falsification of criminals according to the norms providing for liability for abuse of official authority, falsification of evidence or the results of operational investigative activities should be recognized as not accurate. At the same time, responsibility for these actions committed by subjects who are not officials, and without the participation of the latter, has not been established at all. The author proposes a draft criminal law provision providing for liability for inducing to commit a crime or its staging in order to illegally create grounds for criminal prosecution. The paper questions the approach according to which a person provoked by law enforcement officers to commit a crime is not subject to criminal liability regardless of the specifics of the encroachment.

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