Pedagogical appreciation of juvenile aggressiveness: socio-perceptive aspects and readiness of interference

Introduction. The topicality of the research is caused by both traditions of the scientific research of pedagogical social perception and extremely high degree of attention on the side of political, professional and expert community to the problem of education. The pedagogical study of aggression plays an important role in understanding of the strategy for developing programs of improving professional competence of pedagogues and specialists in the sphere of prevention of juvenile delinquent behavior. Aim. Some research problems were examined in order to find the answers to the following problems: the facts that prove aggressive juvenile delinquent behavior, the reasons of juvenile behavior, the reaction of pedagogues on conflict situations and their emotions when they confront situations of aggressive behavior. Methodology and methods. In the process of research different methods were used such as psychological tests, different types of questionnaires and others. More than 13000 of pedagogues from six federal districts participated in the project “Pedagogue as a subject of upbringing of the youth and prevention of delinquent behavior”. The results. Data are given about the fact that pedagogues consider depressed state and aggressive behavior of the child to be the testimony of aggressive behavior of adults towards the child. Boys are more inclined to be aggressive, while the girls try not to show obviously their aggressive behavior. Children from troubled and incomplete families are more aggressive. Attention is drawn to the fact that the main risks of aggressive behavior of juveniles are in the families where the parents are indifferent to the child, do not pay attention to him or her or their requirements are contradictory. The research showed that pedagogues feel trouble, anxiety and fear when they come across conflict situations between the pupils. Practical significance. The results of the research are very important both in the context of improving the programs for pedagogues and psychologists in the sphere of juvenile deviant and antisocial behavior prevention and in the context of educational and youth policy and its tasks.

Biopolitical turn in the Law: from the legal and institutional model to the biolaw

Relevance. Since the XVIII century, there has been a gradual qualitative transformation of sovereign power in the course of the formation of a biopower based on the regulation of natural processes inherent in the population. At the turn of the XX–XXI centuries, biopolitics as an authoritative organization of the life of the population became the dominant management model. At present, numerous biopolitical tools carry out the construction of the social. Objectives. The purpose of the article is to explicate the process of transformation of the legal and institutional model of regulation of public relations inherent in sovereign power into biolaw as a tool for regulating public relations carried out by biopower. Results. In the course of the study, the process of the formation of biolaw, which arises on the basis of the already established system of legal and political regulation due to its modification by biopolitical means of medicalization, normalization, identification, criminal biopolitics, is considered. As a result of the steady biopolitical intervention in the regulation of the life of the population, the lex-law as a system of legal norms expands to nomos-law focused on a sample of the natural order, correlative to the constructed norms of human life as a biosocial being. Conclusions. Biopolitics in the process of formation radically transforms the social, including legal relations. Biolaw is a system of flexible tools for regulating social relations, tending to the model of the natural order. Biopolitical regulation is steadily replacing the traditional legal and political management model.

Migrants and Metropolis: Criminological Aspect

The article examines criminological aspects of migration processes undergoing in the capital of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan. The features of conflictological opportunities among citizens of Nur-Sultan in the context of immigration and crime are analyzed. The study revealed social anxiety associated with the flow of migrantsas well assome criminological features of immigration crime. The article offers a description of immigration crime based onBeck’s theory of the “risk society”. Riskminimization should become the core of the immigration crime prevention system.

Peculiarities of Relations in LGBT Community

Introduction. LGBT communities belong to groups with deviant behavior. A small amount of information about the structure of the LGBT community causes the following problems: 1. Disinformation and negative attitude towards the activities of the LGBT community. 2. The LGBT community consists of significantly different groups with different needs and specific problems, which leads to misunderstandings and conflicts of interests within the social movement. 3. Hidden conflicts within the LGBT community have an influence on its activity. The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of intergroup relations within the LGBT community. Methodology, methods and techniques. Participants were 134 representatives of the LGBT community. The sample included 34 lesbians, 8 gays, 16 bisexuals, 27 transgender, 15 asexual people, 14 pansexual and 20 genderqueer or non-binary people. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used in the study. The respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire including the following techniques: 1. Questionnaire “Components of social capital” by L. G. Pochebut; 2. Questionnaire “SEP” by L. G. Pochebut; 3. Questionnaire “The need for affiliation” by A. Mahrebian; 4. Questionnaire “Measuring trust” by R. B. Sho; 5. Open questions. Results. When analyzing the data, the following significant intergroup differences were identified: indicators of “trust” and “goals and values” are lower among transgender people than lesbian, pansexual and genderqueer people. The level of trust among pansexual people is higher than in other groups. “Fear of social rejection” with asexual people is higher than with prosexual people, while the same indicator with asexual people is higher than “fear of social rejection” with lesbian, gay and pansexual people. Gays have lower “fear of social rejection” than transgender people. At the same time, the latter are less inclined to collectivism than cisgender. Lesbians are more prone to affective neutrality than gay and transgender people, while homosexual men are likely to be affective than other groups. Bisexual people are more prone to universalism than other groups. Scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that intergroup relations in the LGBT community have not been previously investigated by Russian scientists. Practical significance. To provide effective counselling being in great demand nowadays among LGBT people, it is necessary to understand community peculiarities and relations between groups.

Chaos theory and youth extremism in Russia

Many scientific works of sociologists, political analysts, psychologists, linguists have been devoted to the study of youth extremism, its various aspects and the fight against it. However, youth extremism still exists, and its violent manifestations destroy political and social stability in different countries including Russia. Therefore, the search for ways to counter this phenomenon continues. The purpose of the study is to clarify the concepts of youth extremism, to determine the approach to its study and the fight against it as well as to apply this approach to the predicted specific political crisis in Russia. Methodology, methods. The article uses chaos theory adapted to the analysis of social reality as a methodology for the study of youth extremism. To tackle manifestations of youth extremism, the method based on the use of so–called strange attractors is proposed. Results. The field of the research is determined through the correlation of the concepts of “extremism”, “radicalism”, “deviation”, “delinquency”. The study clarifies the concept of extremism, gives its classification, and substantiates the boundaries of its social carrier - the youth. Chaos theory is used to study youth extremism and predict the development of social crises in Russia, in which young people can take an active part. The possibility of using so-called strange attractors to prevent active performances of young extremists in a situation of a specific political crisis is shown. The scientific novelty lies in the use of chaos theory to study youth extremism in modern Russia and the fight against it. Practical significance. A concrete way of countering manifestations of youth extremism in real political conditions is suggested.

Social Connections and Homeless’ People Views on them

Introduction. The significance of social connections is due to diverse and crucial impact of environment to human life. The study of social connections enables to identify a person’s living standard and wellbeing. Addressing homeless people means better awareness and the opportunity to organize psychological assistance to them as well as to clarify the issue of social ties formation. The study aims to review the theoretical concept of personal social connections and to analyze the homeless’ subjective views on their state. The research tasks are to review a social connections structure; to carry out research on the homeless’ social connections and to analyze the characteristics of these ties. Methodology. The social-subjective approach to social interaction is the key methodology of the study. It enables to form a concept of the homeless’ ties with other people and build the model of their social interaction. The advantage of the approach is the possibility to research the social ties of the homeless, to gather data about the parameters of these connections, to understand how the homeless perceive people around them, the society and themselves. The main method of the study was the self-report. The survey on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of social connections of the homeless as well as the questionnaire on the key parameters of the person’s interaction with society (getting support from the social environment, self – assessment of the interaction, the impact on social environment) were conducted. The data were processed by descriptive statistics and Kruskal–Wallis H test. The sample of the study consisted of 197 participants aged 45–50. The majority of the sample (80%) was male. The research procedure. We compared the subjective awareness of social interaction of the homeless and people who have accommodation. Our results show the decrease of social impact on the person among the homeless. It is determined by low rapport, poor interpersonal communication, low authority and low reference as well as little value of social environment. The research reveals that the homeless make an improper evaluation of their interaction with social environment. That results in low assessment of social support, underestimation of their own impact on the environment and overestimation of their ability to interact. Scientific novelty. The findings of the study expand the understanding of the state of homelessness. They reveal socialpsychological characteristics of the homeless interaction with the environment as well as specifies the concept of socialperceptive ideas formed during these interactions with the environment. Practical significance. This study emphasizes the necessity of forming the homeless social skills, indicates the issues of psychological prevention in counseling and providing social assistance to this category of citizens.

Legal Restrictions for Persons Who Have Committed Crimes

The approaches of the Russian lawmaker to institute control over law for persons who have committed crimes are analyzed in the article. The paper investigates the fact that given legal restrictions are used as retaliatory measures not only for those who have committed crimes. Having manifested the danger for the society the criminal suffers from other restrictions of the rights during the court procedure and furthermore. Moreover, many legal restrictions are applied not only to the persons who are under trial or have a criminal record but also to those who are relieved of criminal responsibility due to nonrehabilitating circumstances. Key law positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on arguable points of lawmaker’s introduction of law restrictions for the people who have committed crimes are formulated. Conclusions are drawn that many legal restrictions for such category of people concerning their labour activities contradict each other. Recommendations of strategic and tactical character are given, such as to reform the institute of previous convictions and to make universal law restrictions for those who have committed crimes. The realization of the tactical aspect is connected with the procedure of giving more precise definitions to many federal laws dealing with legal restrictions for this category of people. In particular, the question is about complete equality of prohibitions when joining and serving in law enforcement agencies, about federal unique list of discharge from criminal responsibility which is the reason to prohibit service in law enforcement agencies and other agencies.

Predicting the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders

Introduction. The relevance of the research problem is confirmed by statistics on juvenile delinquency, as well as by legal acts. The problem of predicting the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders is reviewed through description of static and dynamic risk factors for repeated offenses. One of the findings of the study is that it is the personal features that determine deviant behavior, whereas the situational factors play the role of modulators. A review of the literature sources allows us to conclude that personality traits are related to criminal behavior, which makes it possible to predict the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders. Aim of the study is to identify the personal characteristics that determine the deviant behavior of juvenile offenders. Methodology, methods and techniques. The methodological basis of the research is a dispositional approach to the study of personality, which assumes their readiness for a certain behavior, repeated in various situations, formed as a result of the interaction of objective and subjective factors. Research methods: The following methods were used to conduct the study: the personal questionnaire of G. Eysenck EPQ; the questionnaire of the level of aggressiveness of A. Bass and A. Darkee; the individual typological questionnaire of L. N. Sobchik (ITQ); the personal questionnaire «Mini-cartoon» (abbreviated version of MMPI) in the adaptation of F. B. Berezin and M. P. Miroshnikov; the Freiburg multifactorial personality questionnaire FPI (form B). Findings of the study: A comparative analysis of the individual psychological characteristics of juvenile offenders and participants of the control group with normative behavior showed multiple statistically significant differences in assessments for 36 variables out of 55 (65.5 %). Discriminant analysis allowed us to determine 8 common features of “deviance-law-abidance”: aggression, hostility, irritability, guilt, psychopathy, neuroticism, introversion, open attitude. They act as prognostic criteria for deviant behavior of adolescents and discriminate against subjects with a prediction accuracy of 97%. Scientific novelty of the research consists in enhancing and clarifying awareness of personality traits of deviant adolescents who have committed crimes, as well as predicting deviant behavior. Practical significance: The patterns and recommendations obtained can be useful in preventive, educational, correctional work, and family counseling. The identified personality traits of deviant behavior can be used as prognostic criteria for identifying deviations at the early stages of socialization of children and adolescents.

Psychodynamic personal predictors of alcohol addiction propensity for lawenforcement officers

The article is devoted to the study of personality predictors of alcohol addiction propensity of internal affairs bodies employees within innovative psychodynamic G. Ammon’s (psychoanalytic) approach and structural-dynamic concept of personality. The novelty of the research is the original author’s psychodiagnostic toolkit – Psychodynamically oriented personality questionnaire (POLO) «Resource» and an expert psychodiagnostic system for assessing and predicting the professional psychological health of lawenforcers based on the assessment of central self-functions of the individual rooted in the unconscious. The relevance of the study is due to a significant number of violations of job discipline and legality. That includes accidents committed by employees while intoxicated, often with serious consequences and criminal prosecution, as well as the fairly widespread and concealed cases of alcohol addictions among lawenforcement officers. Another important factor is lack of effective methods of psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection and psychoprophylaxis. The study is based on a comparative analysis of 2 representative polar groups of internal affairs officers: the one verified prone and another of not prone to alcohol abuse. The study revealed that employees prone to alcohol addiction demonstrate a number of reliable psychodynamic personality characteristics that can be viewed as predictors: destructive aggression, deficit fear, deficient internal self-delimitation, as well as the general predominance of destructive-deficient components of the personal self-structure; indicators of psychosomatic, behavioral and neurotic maladaptation, and the integral scale of the general socio-psycho-somatic problem of POLO «Resource». The practical significance of the study is determined by the development of psychodynamic predictors and a special psychodiagnostic scale of propensity for alcohol addiction based on the Resource POLO, which can be used as an effective psychodiagnostic tool when conducting screening and monitoring psychoprophylactic examinations of employees and individual psychocorrectional work within the framework of the psychological support system of employees.

Juvenile and youth crime: current state and prospects

The official decline in registered crime rates is associated with a high level of its latency, new forms and methods of its commission, «computerization of crime» and an artificial redistribution of public attention to extremist crime and corruption. Russian crime continues to be self-serving, violent, and organized. A factor of its latency is the problem of the young people’s career placing in the job and low pay for their work. The Internet is actively used by «criminal IT specialists» in drug trafficking, deliberately false reports of acts of terrorism; juveniles and young people are chosen as perpetrators of crimes and as victims of crimes. They are also characterized by participation in the organization of prostitution, illegal arms trafficking, and self-serving violent crimes. The family remains both the factor of juvenile and youth crime, and the main subject of its prevention. The adoption of the criminogenic draft law «On the prevention of domestic violence», the legalization of the drug market and the authorization of the use of methadone in Russia are unacceptable. Prevention of crimes committed by juveniles, young people and their families is a priority, it should be based on the developed state ideology. It is based on morality, patriotism, healthy lifestyle, and law-abiding behavior. A return to the priority of international law is essential. This will preserve the system of prevention and suppression of the most dangerous types of crimes using mechanisms of international control and interaction.