IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI DAN UJI KEPEKAAN TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK PADA PENDERITA TONSILITIS DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSU. PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE NOVEMBER 2012-JANUARI 2013

Abstract:Tonsillitis is inflammation of palatine tonsil as part of the Waldeyer’sring. Tonsillitis most commonly caused by viral orbacterial infection. The purpose is to determine such an insidence of the type of bacterials from patient’s (with tonsillitis) throat swabs examination at the Department of Otolaryngology RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D Kandou Manado and also to determine such an insidence of the bacterial’s sensitivity ofantibiotics that commonly used on tonsillitis case. This research was taken at the Department of Otolaryngology RSUP Prof. Dr.R.D Kandou Manado by using prospective descriptive study method as well as examining 20 samples from the patients with tonsilitis. The result, 75% samples showed bacterial’s growth. There were found 6 types of bacterials. The following bacterials are 10% eschericia coli, 10% of staphylococcus aureus, 40% of streptococcus sp., 5% of branhamella catarrhalis, 5% of enterobacter aerogenes and 5% of alcaligenes faecalis. On sensitivity of antibiotics, 66,67% Levofloxacin, 66,67% of Cefriaxon, 53,3% of Amoxicilin clavulanic, 13,3% Ciprofloxacin. The differences in place, time, and history of antibiotics therapy, could caused the differences in type of bacterials among the tonsillitis patients.Keywords: tonsillitis, type of bacterial, sensitivity testAbstrak:Tonsilitis merupakan peradangan tonsil palatina yang merupakan bagian dari cincin waldeyer.Tonsilitis adalah infeksi (virus atau bakteri) dan inflamasi pada tonsil.Tujuan penelitian ini mendapatkan gambaran jenis kuman pada pemeriksaan hapusan tenggorokan penderita tonsilitis di Poliklinik THT-KL BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan juga gambaran tentang kepekaan kuman terhadap beberapa antibiotika yang biasa digunakan pada tonsilitis. Penelitian ini bersifat prospektif deskriptif lewat pengambilan sampel dari pasien Poliklinik THT-KL.Dari 20 sampel yang diuji, didapatkan 15 sampel (75%) menunjukkan pertumbuhan bakteri dan 5 sampel (25%) tidak ada pertumbuhan bakteri. Bakteri yang ditemukan ada6 jenis bakteri yang terdiri dari 2 sampel escherichia coli (10%), 2 sampel staphylococcus aureus (10%), 8 sampel streptococcus sp (40%), 1 sampel branhamella catarrhalis (5%), 1 sampel enterobacter aerogenes (5%), 1 sampel alcaligenes faecalis(5%).Sedangkan sensitifitas antibiotika yang paling tinggi adalah Levofloxacin 10 sampel (66,67%) dan cefriaxone 10 sampel (66,67%), kemudian amoxicilin calvulanic 8 sampel (53,33%), ciprofoxacin 2 sampel (13,33%).Perbedaan tempat, waktu, serta riwayat pernah mendapatkan terapi antibiotika, dapat menyebabkan perbedaan pola kumanKata kunci: tonsilitis, pola bakteri, uji kepekaan

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POLA KUMAN DAN UJI KEPEKAANNYA TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PENDERITA OTITIS EKSTERNA DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSU PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.1.1.2013.1181 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pingkan Suwu ◽

Constantyn Kountul ◽

Olivia Waworuntu

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽

Two Samples ◽

Branhamella Catarrhalis ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

Abstract: Otitis externa is an outer ear canal infection divided into acute and chronic forms based on the course of illness. In a study at Polyclinic ENT-TOS at Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado in 2011 it was found that from 5297 there were 440 (8.33%) cases of otitis externa. This study aimed to determine the pattern of bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity in patients with otitis externa in the Polyclinic ENT-TOS, Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period December 2012 - January 2013. This study was a descriptive prospective through a sampling technique of patients. Of the 20 samples tested, 18 (90%) showed the growth of bacteria, and two samples (10%) had no growth of bacteria. There were seven types of bacteria found consisting of two samples (10%) of Branhamella catarrhalis, four samples (20%) of Staphylococcus epidermidis, two samples (10%) of Staphylococcus aureus, two samples (10%) of Acinetobacter anitratus, two samples (10%) of Enterobacter aerogenes, four samples (20%) of Alcaligenes faecalis, two samples (10%) of Proteus mirabilis, and two samples (10%) of no bacterial growth. The highest sensitivity antibiotic was levofloxacin in 14 samples (77.78%), while the highest resistant to antibiotics was ever getting clindamycin in 16 samples (88.89%). Conclusion: nearly all of the samples obtained from otitis externa patients in Polyclinic ENT-TOS, Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period December 2012 - January 2013 showed bacterial growth. Levofloxacin was the highest sensitive antibiotic while clindamycin and erythromycin were the highest resistant antibiotic among otitis externa patients in ENT-TOS Clinic of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manado Keywords: otitis externa, pattern of bacteria, sensitivity test. Abstrak: Otitis eksterna adalah infeksi liang telinga luar yang menurut perjalanan penyakit terbagi atas bentuk akut dan kronis. Pada penelitian di Poliklinik THT-KL RSU Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado pada tahun 2011 diperoleh dari 5.297 pengunjung terdapat 440 (8,33%) kasus otitis eksterna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kuman dan uji kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika pada penderita otitis eksterna di Poliklinik THT-KL BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Desember 2012 - Januari 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat prospektif deskriptif dan sampel diambil dari pasien Poliklinik THT-KL. Dari 20 sampel yang diuji, didapatkan 18 sampel (90%) menunjukkan pertumbuhan bakteri dan dua sampel (10%) tidak memperlihatkan pertumbuhan bakteri. Bakteri yang ditemukan tujuh jenis, terdiri dari Branhamella catarrhalis dua sampel (10%), Staphylococcus epidermidis empat sampel (20%), Staphylococcus aureus dua sampel (10%), Acinetobacter anitratus dua sampel (10%), Enterobacter aerogenes dua sampel (10%), Alcaligenes faecalis empat sampel (20%), Proteus mirabilis dua sampel (10%), dan tidak ada pertumbuhan bakteri sebanyak dua sampel (10%). Simpulan: hampir semua sampel yang diperoleh dari pasien otitis eksterna di Poliklinik THT-KL RSU Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Desember 2012 - Januari 2013 memperlihatkan pertumbuhan bakteri. Antibiotika yang kepekaannya paling tinggi ialah levofloxacin, sedangkan antibiotika yang resistensinya paling tinggi ialah clindamycin an erythromycin. Kata kunci: otitis eksterna, pola kuman, uji kepekaan.

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Contaminación con bacterias patógenas de estetoscopios del personal médico en un hospital de nivel III en Lima, Perú

Revista Medica Herediana ◽

10.20453/rmh.v27i2.2842 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 83 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Enrique Oliva-Menacho ◽

Marco Antonio García-Hjarles ◽

José Arturo Oliva-Candela ◽

Hugo Saturnino De la Cruz-Roca

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Macconkey Agar ◽

Acinetobacter Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

Hospital General

Objetivos: Determinar el grado de contaminación bacteriana con bacterias patógenas de los estetoscopios del personal médico en un hospital general de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo y transversal, realizado en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, entre los meses de enero y juniodel 2013. Se estudiaron 124 muestras de estetoscopios del personal médico en las siguientes áreas: UCI 20; neonatología 13; quemados 3; medicina 52; emergencia 36. Se recolectaron las muestras con hisopos humedecidos, en condiciones estériles (En presencia de un mechero de vidrio para alcohol) y luego fueron introducidos en tuboscon preparado de caldo BHI (Infusión cerebro corazón) para ser incubados por 24 horas a 37°C; se cultivó en Agar sangre, Agar MacConkey, Agar manitol y Agar cetrimidepara su posterior determinación de bacterias patógenas por procedimientos bioquímicos ,luego se identificó la susceptibilidad bacteriana con la técnica de Kirby- Bauer. Resultados: De los 124 estetoscopios estudiados; 114 (91,9%) estuvieron contaminados; se aislaron 123 cepasbacterianas: Staphylococcus spp coagulasa negativa 106(86,1%), Staphylococcus aureus 5(4,0%), Enterobacter aerogenes 4 (3,2%), Acinetobacter spp 2(1,6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(3,2%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae 1(0,8%) y Escherichia coli 1(0,8%). Conclusiones: El aislamiento de bacterias patógenas sugiere que el estetoscopio debe ser considerado como un vector de la infección nosocomial.

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Bacteria Sensitivity Pattern of Caesarean Section Wound on Selected Antibiotics in Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin

Berkala Kedokteran ◽

10.20527/jbk.v16i2.9208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Nurhafizah Rafiani ◽

Renny Aditya ◽

Noor Muthmainah

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Surgical Wounds ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽

Bacterial Sensitivity

Abstract: A cesarean delivery increases the risk of wound infection it should be prevented by using antibiotics. This study was to determine the pattern of bacterial sensitivity in surgical wounds of cesarean section patients for selected antibiotics, i.e ceftriaxone, cefixime, sulbactam ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and gentamicin.This observational study was conducted at the Ulin Public Hospital in Banjarmasin from July to September 2019. Using a cross sectional approach Samples of bacteria were identidied from 36 that were pusposively sampled, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive against gentamicin (100%),whereas Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Were intermediately sensitive towards gentamicin (62.5%) and ceftriaxone (80%) Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, caesarean section, surgical wound

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Microbial Assessment of Bed Linens in Ekiti State University Students’ Hostels

Journal of Advances in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/jamb/2020/v20i530244 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

T. O. Olowomofe ◽

J. O. Oluyege ◽

A. O. Ogunlade ◽

D. T. Makinde

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

Klebsiella Aerogenes ◽

State University ◽

Plasmid Profiling

Bed linen is clearly recognized as a potential reservoir for microorganisms and could be a vector of disease transmission. The present study was aimed at isolating and characterizing bacteria and fungi from different kinds of bed linen of student in Ekiti State University hostels. Pour plate method was used for the enumeration of total bacteria count from the posterior and anterior end of the bed linen. The average bacteria count for the anterior and posterior end was 7.46 and 7.16 Log10 CFU/ml respectively. The most dominant microbial species were bacteria and these were mostly found in the environment and on human skin. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes. Bacillus cereus had the highest frequency of occurrence (25%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15%), Escherichia coli (15%), Klebsiella aerogenes (15%), Staphylococcus epidermis (15%), Enterobacter aerogenes (10%) and Proteus mirabilis (5%). The fungi isolates were Aspergillus sulphureus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. Antibiotics susceptibility test was carried out on the bacteria isolates with gram negative bacteria showing resistance to Cotrimoxazole and gram positive bacteria showing resistance to Amplicillin. Most of the bacteria isolates have multiple antibiotics resistance. The bacterial isolates were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin. Plasmid profiling was also done with Escherichia coli having three high molecular weight plasmids, Bacillus cereus and Enterobacter aerogenes do not possess plasmid. The identified species are suspected to be opportunistic pathogens for human, representing a risk for people with weakened immune system, especially in cases of super-infection.

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Fatores de risco e perfil do uso de antimicrobianos entre pacientes com infecção no trato urinário em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13516 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. e43910313516

Author(s):

Lucas Harassim ◽

Olibio Lopes Fiebig da Silva ◽

Luiz Felipe Soares Pinheiro ◽

Elber José Assaiante dos Santos ◽

Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Citrobacter Freundii ◽

Providencia Rettgeri ◽

E Coli ◽

Terapia Intensiva

A Infecção no Trato Urinário (ITU) acometendo pacientes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs) é uma realidade preocupante, agravada pelo uso irracional de antimicrobianos e a alarmante multirresistência em microrganismos. Nós avaliamos o nível de assertividade quanto ao uso de antimicrobianos durante à antibioticoterapia empírica (ATE), em pacientes diagnosticados com ITU, comparando tal tratamento farmacológico empírico e o realizado após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada), além disto, estimamos a prevalência dos agentes etiológicos e analisamos os fatores de risco associados. Este é um estudo observacional e transversal, realizado em 2015, no qual foram avaliados pacientes de ambos os sexos e todas as idades apresentando ITU e submetidos à antibioticoterapia, internados em uma UTI de um hospital no sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dos 49 pacientes avaliados (28 mulheres [M] e 21 homens [H]), a média de idade foi 55±19 anos (IC(95) 49-61) e a faixa etária ≥70 anos foi a predominante. Quatorze diferentes microrganismos foram causadores de ITUs, sendo que 28,3% (IC(95%) 16,2-40,4) dos isolados clínicos tiveram Escherichia coli como o agente etiológico (33,3% H e 28,6% M); 18,9% (IC(95%) 8,3-29,4) Acinetobacter baumannii (33,3% H e 10,7% M); 15,1% (IC(95%) 5,5-24,7) Klebsiella pneumoniae (19% H e 14,3% M); 11,3% Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9,5% H e 14,3% M); 5,7% Enterobacter aerogenes (14,3% H); 3,8% Klebsiella oxytoca; 3,8% Staphylococcus aureus (7,1% M); e 1,9% para cada um dos seguintes microrganismos: Enterococcus faecalis (4,8% H); Proteus mirabilis (3,6% M); Enterobacter cloacae (3,6% M); Providencia rettgeri (4,8% H); Citrobacter koseri (3,6% M); Citrobacter freundii (3,6% M); e Fungos leveduriformes (4,8% H). As prevalências de ITUs causadas por A. baumannii e P. aeruginosa foram influenciadas pelo sexo (χ² com p<0,001). No sexo masculino, houve correlações positivas “substanciais” entre o aumento da idade (em anos) e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,69) ou entre idades menos avançadas e a prevalência de ITU causada por A. baumannii (r = -0,7). No sexo feminino, houve uma correlação positiva “extremamente forte” entre o aumento da idade e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,94; IC(95) 0,66-0,99; p<0,0014). Os antibióticos mais utilizados de forma empírica (ATE) foram: Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,7-24,1), Cefepima (14,3%) e Vancomicina (10%), e após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada): Ceftazidima (16,3% IC(95%) 6-26,7), Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,5-24,1), Polimixina B (10,2%), Imipenem (10,2%) e Ampicilina + Sulbac. (8,2%). Em 20% dos casos, as terapias empíricas (ATE) foram consideradas “inapropriadas/não acertadas”. Contudo, também devemos ter ciência da necessidade clínica e quanto ao imediatismo para o tratamento de uma ITU em UTI, uma vez que a doença pode ser fatal se uma terapia não for instituída, portanto, nós aconselhamos avaliações mais minuciosas, tanto da racionalidade do uso de antibióticos, quanto dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de ITUs em UTIs.

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Profil Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Peta Kuman pada Pasien Gangren Diabetes Melitus di Sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik

Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana (MPI) ◽

10.24123/mpi.v3i2.2966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Isna Romadhona ◽

Fauna Herawati ◽

Rika Yulia

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Antibiotik merupakan obat yang digunakan untuk mengatasi dan mencegah infeksi bakteri. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah, diantaranya pengobatan akan lebih mahal dan juga risiko terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan antibiotik dan profil peta kuman pada pasien gangren diabetes melitus di sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik serta untuk mengetahui kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik dengan mengacu pada Permenkes Republik Indonesia No. 2406/Menkes/PER/XII/2011. Data penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh dari catatan Rekam Medis pada periode Januari – November 2017. Data penggunaan antibiotik dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat. Hasil perhitungan DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat menunjukkan hasil sebesar 470,11 DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat. Peta kuman pada pasien gangren, melaporkan adanya bakteri Enterobacter cloacae 24%, Escherichia coli 18%, Staphylococcus aureus 15%, Acinetobacter baumannii 9%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6%, Citrobacter youngae 6%, Enterobacter aerogenes 6%, Proteus vulgaris 6%, Staphylococcus schleiferi 6%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3%, dan Proteus mirabilis 3% . Penggunaan antibiotik seftriakson dan metronidazol pada pasien gangren diabetes melitus di sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik pada periode Januari – November 2017 telah sesuai dengan pedoman penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan Permenkes Republik Indonesia No. 2406/Menkes/PER/ XII/2011, yaitu antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi III yang lebih aktif terhadap Enterobacteriaceae dan antibiotik golongan nitroimidazol yang dapat mengobati infeksi bakteri basil anerob Gram-Negatif.

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PCR multiplex para identificação de isolados de Clostridium chauvoei e Clostridium septicum

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s0102-09352008000200003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 294-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.A. Assis ◽

F.C.F. Lobato ◽

Z.I.P. Lobato ◽

M.F. Camargos ◽

R.A.P. Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Clostridium Septicum ◽

Pcr Multiplex ◽

Clostridium Chauvoei

Padronizou-se uma técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase múltipla (PCR multiplex) para detecção de Clostridium chauvoei e Clostridium septicum em culturas puras. Foram utilizados pares de iniciadores para segmentos específicos dos genes que codificam a flagelina de C. chauvoei e a toxina alfa de C. septicum. Para avaliaçã o da PCR multiplex, foram testados 16 isolados clínicos de C. chauvoei e 15 isolados de C. septicum provenientes de ruminantes, quatro sementes vacinais de cada um desses agentes. Amostras de referência de ambos os microrganismos foram usadas como controle. Para avaliar a especificidade, DNAs genômicos dos seguintes microrganismos foram usados: C. sordellii, C. novyi tipo A, C. novyi tipo B, C. perfringens tipo A, C. haemolyticum, C. botulinum tipo D, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli e Salmonella typhimurium. Todos os isolados e sementes vacinais de C. chauvoei e C. septicum foram detectados pela técnica. Não foram observadas reações cruzadas com as outras espécies de clostrídios, outras espécies bacterianas ou entre C. Chauvoei e C. septicum. As menores concentrações de DNA de C. chauvoei e C. septicum detectadas foram 45pg/µl e 30pg/µl, respectivamente. A PCR multiplex pode ser utilizada para a identificação específica de C. chauvoei e C. septicum em culturas puras.

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Antibacterial Activity of Germacrone Sesquiterpene from Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Rhizomes

ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia ◽

10.20961/alchemy.v12i2.1726 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hartiwi Diastuti ◽

Yana Maolana Syah ◽

Lia Dewi Juliawaty ◽

Marlia Singgih

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

White Crystal ◽

H Nmr ◽

Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽

Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽

C Nmr

The aim of this research was to isolate and indentify the terpenoid compound from Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizomes and its antibacterial activity. Isolation was carried out by using vacuum liquid chromatography and centrifugal chromatography. The structure was determined by NMR spectroscopy (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR 1D and 2D), then compare with data from literatures. Antibacterial test was carried out by using microdillution methods and evaluated against eight bacteria. They are Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentriae and Vibrio cholerae. The result showed that the isolate was a white crystal which was indetified as germacron-type sesquiterpene. Germacron have highest activity againts P. aeruginosa, MIC 15.6 µg/mL and MBC 31.2 µg/mL.

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Uji Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Salam {Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp} terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli secara Invitro

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i2.281 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ikhsan Amanda Putra ◽

Erly Erly ◽

Machdawaty Masri

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Effective Concentration ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Activity Test ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

AbstrakTumbuhan salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) telah dikenal sejak dahulu untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit. Bagian tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat selain daun adalah bagian kulit batang. Beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan terbukti bahwa daun salam memiliki efek antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana efek antibakteri dari kulit batang salam. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif menggunakan metode difusi agar. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan adalah 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit batang salam memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% memberikan daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri sebesar 12 mm, 13,67 mm, 12,33 mm, dan 9 mm, sedangkan pada konsentrasi yang sama untuk Escherichia coli tidak terlihat daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling efektif dalam menghambat S. aureus adalah konsentrasi 50%, dimana konsentrasi 75% dan 100% kurang efektif.Kata kunci: uji efek antibakteri, kulit batang salam, staphylococcus aureus, eschericia coli AbstractSalam plants (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) Salam plants have been known since ancient to treat various diseases. The parts of the plant that can be used as drug are bark. From the research that has been conducted has proven that Salam leaves has an antibacterial effect. The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of salam bark.This was a descriptive study by using agar diffusion method. The concentration of the extract used was 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Salam bark has antibacterial effects to Staphylococcus aureus with the concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% gives the inhibition of the growth of bacteria on 12 mm, 13.67 mm, 12.33 mm, and the 9 mm, while at the same concentration for Escherichia coli was no bacterial inhibition area. The most effective concentration of extract in inhibiting S. aureus was concentration of 50%, while the concentration of 75% and 100% less effective.Keywords: antibacterial activity test, salam bark, staphylococcus aureus, eschericia coli

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Safety, efficacy and utility of methods of transferring adhesive and cohesive Escherichia coli cells to microplates to avoid aerosols

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.5659.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 267 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bryan Ericksen

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Cross Contamination ◽

Escherichia Coli Cells ◽

Threshold Time ◽

Biosafety Level

The virtual colony count (VCC) microbiological assay has been utilized for over a decade to measure the antimicrobial activity of peptides such as defensins and LL-37 against biosafety level (BSL)-1 and BSL-2 bacteria including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Enterobacter aerogenes. In addition, a modified pipetting technique was presented in a 2011 study of defensin activity against the BSL-3 pathogen Bacillus anthracis. Both studies were published in the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Here we report that the method can also detect cross-contamination caused by aerosols utilizing the VCC method of data analysis by quantitative growth kinetics (QGK). The QGK threshold time, or Tt, equivalent to the cycle time Ct reported in 1996 by Heid et al., precisely identifies when wells were inoculated.

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