scholarly journals Anthropogenic factors of influence on the morbidity of the dental system of the children's population of Makhachkala

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
I. N. Osmanov ◽  
F. I. Osmanova ◽  
T. F. Kosyreva
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Instruments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Relevance. The study of the relationship between the dental morbidity of children in the city of Makhachkala from the anthropogenic impact of a landfill.Materials and methods. The study was based on a survey of children aged 2 to 17 years in three kindergartens and two schools in the city of Makhachkala in the zone of ecological distress. A total of – 420 children were examined, including – 85 of the temporary bite period; – 110 of the replacement bite period and 225 of the permanent bite period. The criteria for the selection of children were the duration of residence in this neighborhood and the presence of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th health groups. The dental examination included an assessment of the condition of the oral cavity, hard tooth tissues and periodontal tissues using a set of dental instruments according to a generally accepted technique.Results. Studies on the relationship of poor-quality drinking water with a reduced content of fluoride and the prevalence of non-carious lesions of the hard tissues of the teeth revealed that in the city of Makhachkala, a high prevalence of molarincisive enamel hypoplasia was detected in 45.4% of the examined and a multiple form in 31.6%% of systemic hypoplasia, local hypoplasia was noted in 22.1%, segmental hypoplasia was observed in only 4 children from 335 examined. The prevalence of diseases of the oral mucosa is due to a decrease in immunity in an environmentally unfavorable city, due to the unbalanced composition of macro and microelements in drinking water, high content of sulfur oxides, carbon and dioxin-like compounds in the air. The prevalence and development of caries was noted in 75% of the examined children.Conclusions. The high morbidity rate of the children's population in Makhachkala is associated with the anthropogenic impact of solid household waste, poor-quality drinking water, air and indicates the need to develop modern waste disposal technologies and implement recommendations for the organization of preventive and medical-dental care for children from an early age. 

Evaluation of Ground Water Quality For AL Shuwayja area –Wasit Provence Using GIS Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ali Nasser Hilo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Water Index ◽  
The City

The low level of water in rivers in Iraq leads to poor water quality, on that basis; we need to assess Iraq's water resources for uses of irrigation and drinking water. This study present a model accounts for ground water quality by using a water quality index (WQI) for the region defined between the city of Kut and the city of Badra in Wasit province. this study relies on a system of wells set up along the path through the Badra –Kut  and around it  up to 78 wells. The study showed poor quality of ground water in the region of study and it is unsuitability for irrigation and drinking water, as well as provided a solution to the water accumulated in the Shuwayja to reduce the bad effect on groundwater by using a system of branch and collection canals  then pumping at the effluent  of Al  Shuwayja in seasons of rainy season ..Water quality index calculated depend on the basis of various physic-chemical parameters as PH, Ec , TDS, TSS, Nacl , SO4 ,Na , and  Mg. The resultant and analytical are present with use of Arch GIS program – geostastical analysis for the water index and water quality parameters

scholarly journals PERAN LINGKUNGAN DAN INDIVIDU TERHADAP MASALAH DIARE DI PULAU JAWA DAN BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Ika Dharmayanti ◽  
Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Integration Data ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Diarrhea Disease ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT  Diarrhea is a major health problem in Indonesia with high morbidity and mortality rates. Unhealthy environment and unhygienic behavior are closely related to diarrhea disease. This study aims to identify the association between environmental conditions and behavior with the occurrence of diarrhea in Jawa and Bali. Data source used was the integration data of March’s Susenas and Riskesdas 2018. A logistic regression analysis was chosen to elicit the relationship between sanitation and drinking water facilities, open defecation practice, and other factors with the prevalence of diarrhea. The results showed that open defecation (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.29; P<0.001, and improper of household sanitation and drinking water (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.2; P = 0.003) had significant association with diarrhea. Other factors are age 0-5 years (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.46 to 1.66; P <0,001) and low education (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.47; P <0,001). This study shows the hygienic behavior is the essential factors to reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Therefore, it is recommended to to prioritize aspects of behavior and environmental health, namely changing people’s behavior to defecate in a latrine, and provide proper sanitation and sufficient drinking water. Keywords: Diarrhea; sanitation; drinking water; open defecation   ABSTRAK Penyakit diare merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang masih tinggi. Lingkungan yang tidak sehat dan perilaku tidak higienis sangat erat kaitannya dengan penyakit diare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku dengan penyakit diare di pulau Jawa dan Bali. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data integrasi Susenas Maret dan Riskesdas 2018. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi logistik untuk melihat hubungan antara ketersediaan sanitasi dan air minum, perilaku buang air besar serta faktor lainnya terhadap kejadian diare. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor perilaku buang air besar sembarangan (OR = 1,2; 95% CI: 1,12 - 1,29; P <0,001) serta akses sanitasi dan air minum rumah tangga tidak layak/tidak tersedia (OR = 1,11; 95% CI: 1,04 - 1,2; P = 0,003) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian diare. Faktor lainnya yaitu: usia 0-5 tahun (OR = 1,56; 95% CI: 1,46 - 1,66; P <0,001) dan pendidikan rendah (OR = 1,33; 95% CI: 1,21 - 1,47; P <0,001).  Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku higienis sangat penting untuk menurunkan kejadian diare. Oleh karena itu direkomendasikan untuk mengutamakan aspek perilaku dan kesehatan lingkungan, yaitu merubah perilaku masyarakat untuk BAB di jamban, serta menyediakan sanitasi dan air minum yang layak. Kata kunci: Diare, sanitasi, sarana air minum, buang air besar sembarangan

Actinomycetes in the Elbow River Basin, Alberta, Canada

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beryl Zaitlin ◽  
Susan B. Watson ◽  
Jamieson Dixon ◽  
Deborah Steel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Stream Discharge ◽  
Stream Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Abstract Actinomycetes can produce significant amounts of the earthy-muddy odour compounds geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). These filamentous bacteria are found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, and are particularly abundant in soil. They can enter freshwater systems via terrestrial runoff and subsequently cause taste and odour outbreaks in drinking water. Since it is well known that actinomycete growth and odour production is modified strongly by environmental factors such as moisture and nutrient levels, we hypothesized that watershed and stream characteristics should influence the potential odour impact of soil runoff on surface water. In this study, 1) the relationship between actinomycete abundance and characteristics such as stream discharge, turbidity and Escherichia coli levels was investigated, and 2) actinomycetes from contrasting terrestrial sources were examined for differences in their geosmin and MIB production. Actinomycetes and stream characteristics were sampled from the Elbow River, an important drinking water source for the City of Calgary (Alberta, Canada), and three tributary streams. Actinomycetes from forested regions and agricultural land were tested for taste and odour compound production. Actinomycete levels in streams were found to correlate closely with E. coli levels and to a lesser extent with turbidity, suggesting that actinomycetes are particularly abundant in runoff from terrestrial sources with fecal contamination. Most of the 18 actinomycete isolates tested were able to produce geosmin and/or MIB regardless of their terrestrial sources, suggesting that taste and odour outbreaks due to actinomycetes may be more influenced by differences in abundance than differences in source.

scholarly journals Estudo de percepção ambiental:

ForScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e00802
Author(s):  
Júlia Naelly Machado Silva ◽  
Mayara Sousa dos Santos ◽  
Josielma Oliveira Lima Borges ◽  
Lidiane da Silva Segisnando ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Environmental Perception ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
De Se ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

A percepção ambiental surgiu como meio de identificar a relação entre os indivíduos e o meio ambiente, buscando verificar as formas como as pessoas percebem o meio ambiente. Dessa forma, o presente estudo visou identificar aspectos relacionados à percepção ambiental de corpos d’água das cidades de Palmeirais-PI e Beneditinos-PI, com o intuito de discutir sobre a frequência, ações de preservação, qualidade da água do rio Parnaíba e do açude Taboquinha, respectivamente. Sendo assim, a pesquisa foi realizada com estudantes de uma escola do município de Palmeirais-PI e cidadãos do município de Beneditinos-PI. Para tal pesquisa, utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados, em ambas as cidades, um questionário estruturado. Diante desse pressuposto, os resultados mostraram que, embora a maioria dos alunos conheçam o rio Parnaíba, desconhecem a ocorrência de ações de prevenção da poluição das águas fomentadas pela escola. Além disso, para os alunos, as atividades de passeio e recreação são as que mais lhes sugerem a utilidade das águas do rio Parnaíba, enquanto uso educativo é quase inexistente. Nesse sentido, observou-se o distanciamento desses alunos de parte de sua realidade local. No que diz respeito aos resultados obtidos com frequentadores do açude Taboquinha, na cidade de Beneditinos-PI, verificou-se a ausência de ações de preservação ambiental, haja vista que os moradores mencionam a má qualidade da água. Assim, concluiu-se que há necessidade de se implantar políticas públicas de conscientização dos frequentadores do açude, a fim de preservar o meio ambiente e ainda assim manter o turismo local. Palavras-chave: Rio Parnaíba. Açude Taboquinha. Percepção ambiental. Educação ambiental.   Environmental perception study: different perspectives about water bodies in municipalities in Northeast Brazil Abstract Environmental perception emerged as a means of identifying the relationship between individuals and the environment, seeking to verify the ways in which people perceive the environment. It is also a way to verify the forms as people perceive the environment. This study aims to identify aspects related to the environmental perception of water bodies in the cities of Palmeirais-PI and Beneditinos-PI, in order to discuss the frequency, preservation actions, water quality of the Parnaíba river and the Taboquinha reservoir, respectively. Therefore, the research was carried out with students from a school in the city of Palmeirais-PI and citizens of the city of Beneditinos-PI. For such research, a structured questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument in both cities. Given this assumption, the results showed that, although most students know the Parnaíba River, they are unaware of the occurrence of water pollution prevention actions promoted by the school. In addition, for students, walking and recreation activities are the ones that most suggest the utility of the waters of the Parnaíba River, while educational use is almost non-existent. In this sense, it is observed that these students are distant from part of their local reality. With regard to the results obtained with users of the Taboquinha reservoir, in the city of Beneditinos-PI, there was an absence of environmental preservation actions, given that the residents mention the poor quality of the water. Thus, it was concluded that there is a need to implement public policies to raise awareness among the weir visitors, in order to preserve the environment and still maintain local tourism. Keywords: Parnaíba River. Taboquinha Reservoir. Caatinga.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER OF THE CITY OF TYUMEN

2018 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
A. V. Dvoinikova ◽  
I. A. Yagovtseva
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

Currently, the hydrosphere is facing serious anthropogenic impact which prevents water from self-purification. The imperfection of technological processes, outdated water disposal communi-cations, inadequate amounts of chemicals for water treatment are the main problems of poor quality of drinking water. In the laboratory of ecological and industrial safety of Industrial University of Tyumen physical and chemical parameters of tap water in different areas of Tyumen have been studied and measures have been proposed to improve the quality of drinking water.

scholarly journals DETERMINAN PERILAKU IBU RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI KAMPUNG BIRU, BANJARMASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ade Juniardi ◽  
Asrinawaty Asrinawaty ◽  
M. Bahrul Ilmi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Attitude Variable

ABSTRAKPengelolaan sampah adalah suatu upaya untuk melakukan pengurangan dan penanganan sampah. Kota Banjarmasin memiliki jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 692.793 jiwa dan mengalami pertambahan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2018 menjadi 700.869 jiwa yang artinya sampah buangan yang dihasilkan akan semakin banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, sarana prasarana, dan peraturan daerah dengan perilaku ibu rumah tangga dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di Kampung Biru sesuai Perda Nomor 21 Tahun 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, yang diakukan selama 6 bulan dari Maret-Agustus 2019. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu rumah tangga di Kampung Biru sebanyak 89. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuisioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di Kampung Biru sebagian besar kategori buruk (52,8%). Hasil analisis terdapat hubungan pada variavel pengetahuan, sarana prasarana dan peraturan daerah dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di Kampung Biru. Sedangkan variabel sikap tidak ada hubungan dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di Kampung Biru. Diharapkan instansi terkait dapat lebih aktif mengawasi dan memberikan sanksi tegas terhadap masyarakat yang melanggar sesuai peraturan daerah yang berlaku agar menimbulkan efek jera, sehingga tercapainya pengelolaan sampah yang baik sesuai Perda Nomor 21 Tahun 2011.Kata-kata kunci: Pengetahuan, sikap, sarana prasarana, peraturan daerah, dan perilaku pengelolaan sampahABSTRACTWaste management is an effort to reduce and handle waste. The city of Banjarmasin has a population of 2017 was 692.793 people and has increased the population in 2018 to 700.869 people, which means that the amount of waste produced will increase This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure, and regional regulations with the behavior of housewives in household waste management in Kampung Biru according to Perda Nomor 21 Tahun 2011. This research uses analytical survey methods with cross sectional approach, which is carried out for 6 months from March-August 2019. The sample in this study was 89 housewives in Kampung Biru. The research instrument used were questionnaire and interview. The results of this study indicate that the behavior of household waste management in Kampung Biru is mostly poor categories (52,8%). The results of the analysis have a relationship to the knowledge, infrastructure and regional regulations in the management of household waste in Kampung Biru. Whereas the attitude variable has no relationship to household waste management in Kampung Biru. It is expected that related agencies can be more active in supervising and imposing strict sanctions on the community that violates according to applicable regional regulations in order to create a deterrent effect, thus good waste management is achieved according to Perda Nomor 21 Tahun 2011.Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, infrastructure, regional regulations, and waste behavior of waste management

scholarly journals Microbiological Analysis and pH Determination of Drinking Water Samples from Public Schools in the Municipality of Recife/PE

2021 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
The City

Water is considered a finite natural resource and one of the essential elements of life. It is used in various work activities such as agriculture, industry, livestock, public supply, energy generation, among others [15]. According to SPERLING (2006) [38], only 2.493% of the water on the planet is suitable for the consumption of humans and animals and 0.0007% of the water accessible for consumption is present in the atmosphere, rivers and lakes. It is estimated that more than one billion people worldwide do not have access to treated water, as its supply is not made on an equal basis due to population growth, economic activities and uneven distribution contrasted with different populations. between rural and urban areas [3, 21,33,]. Problems related to water shortages in the metropolitan regions of Brazilian states are increasingly present in everyday life, and can be attributed to factors involving administrative processes, such as the high cost of drinking water treatment, pollution of water tables, increased demand for water. consumption and climatic factors. In this sense, the use of water for poor quality consumption is an alternative for regions experiencing shortages and has a direct impact on the health of individuals, especially workers and students, as about 80% of the infectious and parasitic diseases that affect developing countries are due to poor quality water, directly impacting the individual’s health [10,17,18,28,36,37]. The water potability standards in Brazil are described in Ordinance GM / MS No. 2,914, of December 12, 2011, which portrays the main physical-chemical and microbiological quality control processes aimed at ensuring water safety and quality. for human consumption [5-8,42].In relation to water-borne infectious-parasitic diseases, their main route of transmission is via the oro-fecal route, that is, ingestion of water contaminated by excreta in drinks or food. According to PEIL et al (2015) [29], the main diseases resulting from contaminated water are typhoid fever, cholera, leptospirosis, giardiasis, enterobacteriosis, among others. In 2015, this type of disease was responsible for 2.35% of hospital admissions in Brazil, generating expenses for the Unified Health System (SUS) [28]. Among the diseases that affect individuals in the school phase, childhood diarrhea stands out for being responsible for hospitalizations and if left untreated, it can evolve to death. Childhood diarrhea is a serious public health problem in developing countries, such as Brazil, and is related to the lack of basic sanitation, ingestion of contaminated water and the precariousness of health services [35,40]. Vidal et al (2016) [43] comment that 88% of diarrhea cases are attributed to the consumption of contaminated water and children under five years of age are the most affected. The city of Recife, capital of the state of Pernambuco, has a large number of individuals in school, about 248,408 students are enrolled in the public school system. As a result, it is important to monitor and monitor the water used for consumption in schools. This work proposes to carry out microbiological analysis and pH determination of water for consumption in public schools located in the city of Recife/PE supplied by Pernambuco Sanitation Company (COMPESA).

ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON COASTAL WATER PROTECTION ZONE IN THE RIVER VALLEY OF AI-TODORKA OF THE VILLAGES OF TERNOVKA AND CHERNORECHYA OF THE CITY OF SEVASTOPOL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kudryavtseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
The City

The possible consequences of drying up of the most water - bearing tributary of the Chernaya river in the area of the villages of Ternovka and Chernorechya-the Ai-Todorka river due to construction in the valley are considered. One of the main consequences is the depletion of fresh water reserves in the valley of the riverbeds, of which one has already been completely lost, and the second has been significantly changed. As a result, about 3,000 people may lose access to drinking water. The solution to this problem is complicated by the violation of the river's water protection regime - the Ai-Todorka river protection zone (100 meters) is located on a private territory, which does not correspond to the Federal law on the borders of the coastal water protection zone. This issue is currently under consideration by the Prosecutor's office and the Main Department of natural resources and ecology of the city of Sevastopol (Sevprirodnadzor).

Wenn stadtpolitische Bewegungen das Terrain des Staats betreten

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (191) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Diesselhorst
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
City Government ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Hierarchical Decision Making ◽  
Urban Social Movements ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Hierarchical Decision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This article discusses the struggles of urban social movements for a de-neoliberalisation of housing policies in Poulantzian terms as a “condensation of the relationship of forces”. Drawing on an empirical analysis of the “Berliner Mietenvolksentscheid” (Berlin rent referendum), which was partially successful in forcing the city government of Berlin to adopt a more progressive housing policy, the article argues that urban social movements have the capacity to challenge neoliberal housing regimes. However, the specific materiality of the state apparatus and its strategic selectivity both limit the scope of intervention for social movements aiming at empowerment and non-hierarchical decision-making.

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