scholarly journals National – cultural specificity of phraseological units (Национально - культурная специфика фразеологизмов)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (44) ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
Jasim Talib Mutashar ◽  
◽  
Talib Ibrahim Hammud ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Linguistic Meaning ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Cultural Features

The present article studies the specific cultural features contained in phraseological units. The problem is approached through three different levels: The modern linguistic meaning. Lexical components of phraseological units. The first variables of linguistic units. The paper emphasizes the gradual process of the cultural charge in the semantic structure of phraseological units. Наша Статья посвящена вопросам анализа национ-ально - культурной специфики ФЕ . Это проблема рассмат-ривается на трех уровнях: 1) в совркупном фразеологич-еском значении, 2) в значении отдельных лексических компонентов ФЕ, 3) в значении переменного прототипа ФЕ. Мы здесь подчеркиваем , что градуальный характер проявления национально – специфичной информации, закодированной в значени Фразеологизмов.

scholarly journals Linguistic Means of Evaluation of Quantity in Texts Containing Numerical Lexemes

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01115
Author(s):  
Natalia Kim ◽  
Andrey Narushevich
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Surface Level ◽  
Combine Evaluation ◽  
Primary Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Linguistic Means

This article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means of explicating evaluation in utterances containing numerals. The evaluation of certain amounts and numbers can be encountered at all levels of linguistic expression. It is shown that both quantitative and axiological evaluation of a certain number or amount, expressed by a numeral, can be verbalized at the surface level of the semantic structure of the utterance with either stylistically colored or neutral lexemes that belong to different parts of speech. Stylistically colored lexemes often combine evaluation semes (such as “a lot” and “bad”). The evaluation of a certain number expressed by a numeral with the primary meaning can be detected as a hidden presupposition and / or communicative meaning of a statement including a numerical lexeme. Pragmatic factors that determine the evaluation are considered. It is noted that in speech, explicit and implicit ways of expressing evaluation can be combined, which leads to an “amplification” of the evaluation and is manifested in the simultaneous use of linguistic units of different levels.

scholarly journals COMMUNICATIVE AND PRAGMATIC PARAMETERS OF THE BLOG AS A GENRE OF PERSONAL INTERNET COMMUNICATION (BASED ON TEXTS BY LYUDMILA LINNYK ON THE WEBSITE �GALICIAN CORRESPONDENT�)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Ya. Ivanyshyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Method ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article reveals the communicative and pragmatic parameters of the blog as a genre of personal Internet communication. On the material of the blog by Lyudmila Linnyk on the website �Galitsky Correspondent� it is proved that language means of different levels can participate in the process of text and character formation. They can acquire additional meanings in the process of unfolding the text, form an evaluative frame of the message, and facilitate the decoding of blog posts in the manner defined by the author mainstream. The purpose of the study is to reveal the communicative and pragmatic features of a blog as a specific genre of Internet communication. The following methods have been used in the work: descriptive (with its help we have collected and analyzed language means that are significant in the communication process), contextual (has allowed us to explore the environment of linguistic units and its impact on the result of communication) and the associative field method (has helped to identify associative links between in words, the implementation of a multilevel analysis of tokens). It is noted that various researchers base their understanding of a blog as a separate genre of communication in the network on its specific characteristics, but everyone agrees with the statement that a blog is a website with chronological, back-structured multimedia information presented in it, the content of which can be commented on. It has been found that the communicative and pragmatic potential of a blog as a genre of personal Internet communication is realized due to the actualization of linguistic means of different levels: pronouns and deictic structures, connotative and associative linguistic units, slang and pejorative elements, phraseological units, grafon, parcels, affix morphemes. It has been established that pronouns are used in blogs to intensify the text, dynamizing the storyline, and forming antinomies. Connotationally and associatively coloured linguistic units act as keywords that are nodes of a concatenation of the semantic structure of the text, the starting point for the development of the topic; they are emotionally evaluative components capable of semantically expanding the text, giving it new semantic dimensions, reflecting the blogger�s position and his individualized vision of certain social problems. Parcelled constructions perform attractively and meaningful reinforcing functions, actualize the blogger�s speech intentions. The use of grafon as a way of avoiding the graphic standard contributes to the actualization of the meanings of individual lexemes, providing them with new meanings. Slang and pejorative elements, like affixal morphemes, form evaluativeness (usually negative), expressiveness and euphemism. It is noted that different types of linguistic units can form the evaluative frame of the message, intensify the plotline, express the presentation of the material, establish connections between implications in the text and facilitate the identification of the associative meanings of the word.

SYNONYMY OF STABLE PHRASES IN THE DICTIONARY OF SMOLENSK DIALECTS: THE ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Nina Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
National Language ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The World ◽  
Volumetric Representation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Linguistic Units

The attention of modern linguistics to the study of verbal representatives of the mental essence (both individual and collective one) of the native speakers involves an appeal to all subsystems of the national language where territorial dialects take a significant part. The analysis of dialect linguistic units possessing linguistic and cultural value is considered as a necessary way for the study of people’s worldview and perception of the world, national mentality as a whole. The ability of stable phrases (phraseological units) to preserve and express a native speaker’s attitude to the world around them is the basis for the use of the analysis of folk phraseology as a way of penetration into a speaker’s spiritual world. Volumetric representation of the external and internal peculiarities of stable phrases allows the author to get their systematization in the form of phraseosemantic field consisting of different kinds singled out in phraseosemantic groups. The article deals with stable phrases of synonymic value recorded in the Dictionary of Smolensk dialects and stable phrases forming a phraseosemantic group. These phrases are analyzed taking into account the semantic structure of the key word, the characteristics of the dependent word, and the method of forming phraseological semantics. On the example of the analysis of phrases with the key word «bit’» and a synonymic series with the semantic dominant «bezdel’nichat’», the article discusses the peculiarities of phraseological nomination in Smolensk dialects and confirms a high level of connotativity and evaluation in the folk phraseology.

ABOUT PROJECTIONS OFTHE MENTAL STRUCTURE INTO LANGUAGE AND SPEECH (on the example ofthe concept-proposition)

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
N.A. Iliukhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Propositional Logic ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Linguistic Activity ◽  
Structuring Knowledge ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Linguistic Units

The author examines, using the example of a concept-proposition, multiple manifestations of the connection between a mental unit and units of a language system, argues that the principle of structuring knowledge, characteristic of a proposition, is found in the semantic structure of a sentence, a word-formation nest, in the logic of lexical metonymy, in the logic of transferring definitions, as well as in the ability of a noun to represent knowledge of a propositional nature in speech, concludes that there is a deep commonality of mental and linguistic activity. The semantic structure of the sentence and the structure of the syntactic proposition are isomorphic to the structure of the mental proposition. The vectors of the transfer of the definition from one term of the sentence to another, as well as to the designation of the entire situation, often have propositional logic and are closed by the framework of one sentence. Propositional logic is observed in many word-building nests, especially consistent with the structure of nests organized by a polyactant verb. Among the verbal derivatives in the nest, the percentage of lexemes that name the components of the corresponding situation is significant, in some cases - all the main components of the situation. At the lexico-semantic level, the projection of a proposition on the phenomenon of metonymy is described. Among the models of transference, a variety is highlighted, called propositional metonymy. It includes transfers of the name, the vectors of which (shift of the focus of attention) reflect the structure of the proposition. Another manifestation of the connection between a proposition and linguistic units, considered in the article, is the facts of using a single noun in speech of any lexical and grammatical semantics to represent all situations of any structural complexity. The realized perspective of the research (from the mental unit to linguistic units and processes that reveal with it a certain isomorphism in the logic of categorization and conceptualization of knowledge) allows us to reveal an important line of interaction between the mental and linguistic levels.

Johanna Seibt’s Process Ontology of Categorical Inference: On Nomological Axiomatics and Category Projection

Metaphysica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekin Erkan
Keyword(s):  
Limit Point ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Representational System ◽  
Cognitive Hierarchy ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Drawing from a Sellarsian realist-naturalist epistemology, we trace different levels of cognitive hierarchy procedures through which a representational system learns to update its own states and improve its ‘map-making’ capabilities from pre-conscious operations which modulate base-localization functions, to patterns of epistemic revision and integration at the conceptual and theoretical levels, producing a nomological double of its world. We show how ontological theorization becomes diachronically coordinated with and constrained by empirical science, and how the formal-quantitative kernel of scientific theories corresponds to qualitative-conceptual determinations at the structural level. Following Johanna Seibt’s characterization of ontology as a theory of categorial inference, we trace the preservation of inferential semantic structure across ontological theories in relation to model languages and provide provisional indications to coordinate Seibt’s account with a convergent realist assessment of systematic modeling, defining the epistemological conditions for articulating the preservation of formal structure in theories toward a limit-point of enquiry.

scholarly journals Linguocultural markers of text

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Inna A. Vorontsova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana B. Barushkova ◽  
Elena E. Petrova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Reciprocal Altruism ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Folk Tale ◽  
Christian Morality ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Cultural Features

The aim of the research is to provide a comprehensive linguocultural characteristic of a folk tale. The research is based on the material of the Irish Fairy and Folk Tales tale anthology, compiled and edited by W. B. Yeats. The research results allow for a suggestion that linguocultural markers are to be found on both ideologic-compositional and speech levels of a text. Thus, the motives of Christian morality form the basis for reciprocal altruism which is the conceptual entity of Irish folk tales. The tale structure is often linear and consists of a short introduction, the main part and the climax turning into a short sharp denouement. Irish folk tales are often a metaphor for the rite of passage. The didactic function of tales consists in demonstrating the possibilities of sin purge through their recognition and repentance. Tales also set social rules and norms. Culture-specific language units encountered in the texts of Irish folk tales belong to different levels of the English language system. The phonetic level reveals such features as metathesis, final consonant reduction, imitation of aspiration, alliteration, wordplay based on homophony, etc. They imitate a peculiar Irish accent and exert some vernacular effect. The lexical level is represented by culture-bound vocabulary including ethnographical terms, anthroponyms and geographical names, both real and invented, various kinds of borrowings from Irish Gaeilge,quotations etc. Some cultural features are exhibited in grammar and text rhythm, chiefly through the use of specific verb forms of Irish English as well as certain correlations of repetition-based rhythmic devices – polysyndeton, diacope, anaphora, epizeuxis, symploce etc. The study of linguocultural text markers gives a comprehensive idea of intra- and extralinguistic characteristics of the tale.

scholarly journals MULTILINGUISME ET DYNAMIQUE DU FRANÇAIS AU CAMEROUN : VARIATIONS, CRÉATIVITÉS LEXICO-SÉMANTIQUE ET MORPHO-SYNTAXIQUE

FRANCISOLA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisèle PIEBOP
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
French Language ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Politique Linguistique ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Linguistic Units

<p><strong>RÉSUMÉ.</strong><strong> </strong>Motivé par la forte différenciation ethnico-linguistique d’un pays caractérisé par un profil sociolinguistique pléthorique et complexe du fait de ses 283 unités linguistiques, l’Etat camerounais opte au lendemain des indépendances pour une politique linguistique érigeant l’anglais et le français comme langues officielles. A ce titre, ces deux langues des anciennes puissances coloniales bénéficient de privilèges de premiers rangs, au détriment des langues nationales qui se contentent de statuts et fonctions secondaires. Le français en ce qui le concerne se retrouve ainsi sur un territoire où les diversités ethnique, géographique et culturelle détermineront ses modalités d’appropriation et d’expansion, et surtout les variations sociolinguistiques auxquelles il est soumis. Se pose alors la question du développement et du devenir de cette langue importée et le présent article vient apporter des éléments de réponse à ce sujet. Ainsi, le travail analysera à partir de l’approche variationniste, les usages du français camerounais qui évolue et s’enrichit chaque jour un peu plus de tournures morpho-syntaxiques, d’emprunts, de nouvelles graphies, de calques, de nouveaux sens, etc.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Mots-clés:</strong> <em>appropriation, diversité, français camerounais, statuts, variations.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT.</strong><strong> </strong>Motivated by the strong ethno-linguistic differentiation of a country with a bloated and complex sociolinguistic profile due to its 283 linguistic units, the Cameroon government after independence opted for a language policy erecting English and French as official languages. As such, the two languages of former colonial powers receive forefront of privileges at the expense of national languages which merely secondary status and functions. As well as it is concerned, the French language finds it self in a territory where ethnic, geographic and cultural diversities determine its terms of appropriation and expansion, especially sociolinguistic variations to which it is subjected. This raises the question of the development and the future of this imported language, and this article just provides answers to this. The variationist approach is the framework through which the Cameroonian French, that evolves and grows each day a little more through morphosyntactic turns, loans, new spellings, layers, new meanings, etc. is analyzed.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>appropriation, Cameroon French, diversity, statutes changes.</em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals On the Functional-Communicative Aspect of Literary Texts

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 (8)) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Mariana Sargsyan
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
The Given ◽  
Common Function

The present article attempts to provide grounds for the idea that a literary text is first and foremost a means of establishing communicative links between the reader and the author. All linguistic units used in the text by the author are interconnected by a common function, i.e. promoting the awareness of the reader which, in its turn, contributes to the comprehensive perception of the given text.

scholarly journals Reflection of Social and Cultural Features in the Names of Stones and Minerals in Bazhov’s Tales

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
L.I. Stepanova ◽  
D.A. Shchukina
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Theory Theory ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Features

The aim of the articleis to study peculiarities of nominations of minerals in Russian and in its regional version, in the socio-lexicon of the Ural mining workers. For this purpose, a methodological procedure was developed based on the methods of corpus linguistics and an exemplary analysis of the semantic field mineral (minerals) in Russian was performed. The theoretical and methodological procedure is based on the semantic field theory,theory of divergence andthelexical approachproposed by Kevechs. As the material of the study were used the tales (skazy) of Pavel Bazhov .The tales (narrations) of Bazhov are a bright representation of the Ural folklore, regional perception of natural objects, their metaphorical reinterpretation , enrichment of semantic fields associated with the occupation of the inhabitants of the region, with additional semantic meanings. The results of the study reflect the presence of significant differences in the semantic structure of lexemes-nominations of minerals in the Russian language and its regional variant.

scholarly journals Vila Autódromo in dispute: subjects, instruments and strategies to reinvent the space

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Sánchez ◽  
Fabrício Leal de Oliveira ◽  
Poliana Gonçalves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Urban Restructuring ◽  
The Public ◽  
Institutional Violence ◽  
Emancipatory Learning ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Times ◽  
Different Levels

The struggle of the residents in Vila Autódromo to reinvent their territory, violently affected by the onslaught of urban restructuring during the times of Olympic urbanism in Rio de Janeiro, is taken as an emblematic case of the production of conflictual space. The present article describes the various instruments and strategies that the residents and their supporters have used in order to resist the current city project. The imaginative capacity of the subjects over recent years has helped to bring the case into the public sphere on several different levels: local, national and international. The present article is made up of the following sections: a brief description of Vila Autódromo as a disputed territory; the media as an active tool in the production of space; institutional violence on the territory; places for communicating the struggle; and insurgent territorial grammars. In the final considerations a number of the key ideas are taken up so as to emphasize the transformative, emancipatory learning possibilities for all those who have participated within the process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document