scholarly journals Respon Viabilitas Benih Kacang Tunggak Nagara (Vigna unguiculata ssp cylindrica) Akibat Pemberian Konsentrasi Ekstrak Akar Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Raihani Wahdah ◽  
Hikma Ellya ◽  
Hasni Hairina
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Normal Seedling ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Water Hyacinth Root

       Water hyacinth root contains Giberilin which was expected to improve the viability performance of nagara cowpea.  The aim of this research was to study the effect of water hyacinth root extract on the viability  of nagara cowpea. The research was carry out in April - October 2020 at the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. This research was arranged in a single factor completely randomized design, namely the concentration of water hyacinth root extract (control, 0%, 7.5%, 15.0%, 22.5%, and 30.0%). Observations were made on seed germination, viability potential, percentage of normal seedling at first observation, growth speed, uniformity of growth, root and plumule length of strong normal seedling, and dry weight of normal seedling.. If the treatment has a significant effect, then proceed with DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). The 0.0% priming was better on all variables than the without priming, except for the root length.  The 7.5% priming treatment was the most efficient for seed germination, potential germination of seeds, and  growth uniformity of seeds. The 22.5% priming treatment was the most efficient for the germination percentage in first observation, seed growth speed, plumule length, and dry weight of normal seedling.

scholarly journals REDUKSI JUMLAH BIJI CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescents) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SARI AKAR ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Ferdia Windarti ◽  
Tatang Sopandi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Water Hyacinth Root ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Cayenne pepper is one of the important economic agricultural commodities and is widely used in the food industry. However, the presence of cayenne pepper seeds is not favored by some people because if consumed can cause digestive disorders. Giberelin is one of the growth regulating substances commonly used to produce seedless fruit growth. This study aims to explore the effect of water hyacinth root extract (Eichhornia crassipes) on plant height, yield and number of cayenne pepper seeds. The study was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) of 4 extract treatments, namely 0 g / l (control), 25 g / l, 50 g / l, and 75 g / l of water hyacinth root extract, each of which was repeated six times. The results of this study indicate that the provision of water hyacinth root extract can increase plant height and yield but reduce the amount of cayenne pepper seeds. The concentration of water hyacinth root extract 75 g / l is the best water hyacinth root extract that can produce an average plant height of 65.67cm, an average yield of 206.50 fruits per plant with an average fruit yield of 170.17 gram per plant and the average number of seeds is 31.17 seeds per cayenne pepper. This study concluded that the root extract of goiter water can reduce the number of seeds and increase plant height and yield of cayenne pepper. Keywords: cayenne pepper, giberelin hormone, water hyacinth and cayenne pepper seeds.

scholarly journals SEED GERMINATION AND RADICLE ESTABLISHMENT RELATED TO TYPE AND LEVEL OF SALT IN COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. VAR. DJEDIDA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-277
Author(s):  
L.M. MANSOURI ◽  
N. HELEILI ◽  
Z.F. BOUKHATEM ◽  
A. KHELOUFI
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Secondary Roots

Saline soils contain multiple types of salt, each of them may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of five types of salt on the seed germination and radicle establishment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Djedida). The experiment was set out as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications of ten seeds for the seed germination and twelve replicates for the seedling growth. We used five kinds of salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, CaCO3 and KCl) with concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM. Seeds were incubated in Petri dishes at 25°C, in the dark, for 10 days. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the effects of salt types and concentrations, and their interaction effect were significant in all measured traits (P< 0.01). However, no significance effect was found on secondary roots number and seedlings dry biomass with CaCO3 treatment solution. According to the results, the inhibitory effects of the five salt types differed significantly. Indeed, germination of common bean seeds by various salts were in the order of NaCl > KCl > CaCO3 > Na2SO4 > CaCl2. However, the taproot length, the number of secondary roots and the seedlings dry weight by various salts were in the order of CaCO3 > KCl > NaCl > CaCl2 > Na2SO4. The effect of salt concentration was also obvious. The reduction in dry biomass of cotyledons is proportional to germination rates and to the development of seedlings in dry biomass and in size. Seeds of P. vulgaris var. Djedida were able to germinate under all concentrations of the various types of salt. The lowest final germination percentage (FGP) was obtained under 300 mM of all salts recording the following values: CaCO3 - 60%, NaCl - 60%, KCl - 52.5%, Na2SO4 - 50% and CaCl2 - 27.5%. During germination stage, the radicle emergence would be controlled by the environment osmolarity, while the later growth of the seedling would be limited by the reserve mobilization.

scholarly journals Salt tolerance of cowpea genotypes during seed germination and seedling growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Md. Mozahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Sabibul Haque ◽  
AKM Golam Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most important grain legumes worldwide and its production is affected by increasing soil salinity due to global climate change. An experiment was conducted at the Plant Physiology Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the germination capability of seven cowpea genotypes under salt stress. The germination test was carried out in Petri dishes following two factorial CRD with three replications. Seven cowpea genotypes viz, Red Pine, Green Super, Hai Jiang San Hao, Kegornatki, Kegornatki Green, Kegornatki HYV & Kegornatki Red; and three salt levels viz, 0, 6 & 12 dSm-1, were used as experimental treatments. The germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule fresh and dry weight and different stress tolerance indices were recorded to screen the genotypes for salt tolerance. The study highlighted that salt concentrations drastically reduced seed germination and significantly delayed the process in all genotypes. The GP, length and biomass of radicle and plumule and salt tolerance indices were significantly decreased while the MGT was significantly increased with increasing salt stress in all cowpea genotypes. A significant variation among the genotypes in response to salt stress was also observed. Among the seven cowpea genotypes, Hai Jiang San Hao and Green Super showed higher salt tolerance in comparison to the other genotypes based on the measured traits; these genotypes can be used for further breeding program and/or cultivation in coastal saline prone areas with further investigation. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 39–44, March 2019

scholarly journals Effect of harvest time and fruit size on seed germination and seedlings growth of sour orange and Mexican lime under in vitro conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Jokari ◽  
Akhtar Shekafandeh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Mexican Lime ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fruit Harvest

The aim of this research was to determine the best time to harvest the fruits for seed production which would ultimately lead to the production of citrus rootstocks of optimum quality. The sour orange and Mexican lime fruits were harvested on 7 and 5 occasions, respectively. The very first fruits were harvested 80 days after flowering and subsequent harvests were gathered every 30 days. An in vitro experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replications and 20 seeds in each replication. Based on fruit growth curve the time of fruit harvest affected seed germination (percentage and rate) and seedling growth (stem and root length, fresh and dry weight of stems, roots and leaves).  The results showed that the best time to harvest the fruits of sour orange and Mexican lime was 230 and 170 days after flowering, respectively, which led to maximum seed germination (Mexican lime 100% and sour orange 85%) and seedling growth. The highest root, stem and leaf fresh and dry weight was also obtained at 230 and 170 days after flowering in sour orange and Mexican lime respectively.   

scholarly journals Karakteristik Buah Dan Biji Terong (Solanum Melongena .L var. Kenari) Setelah Diberi Ekstrak Air Akar Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Fida Alvitasari ◽  
Tatang Sopandi
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Hyacinth Root

Thai aubergine or eggplant, or goes by local name terong kenari (Solanum melongena L. var Kenari), is a vegetable included in the family Solanaceae. Eggplant loved by most of Indonesians, either eaten fresh or cooked. However, some often despise eggplant’s seeds as it may cause digestive problem. Plant hormone in controlling plants’ growth, such as giberelin, are frequently used to produce seedless or no-seed eggplant. This study is conducted to test the impact of water hyacinth, or goes by local name eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes), root extract treatment in the characteristic of eggplant (Solanum melongena L. var Kenari) fruit and seeds. This research is done in experimental manner, using the completely randomized design, including four different extract’s concentration; 0 g/L, 50 g/L, 100 g/L, and 150 g/L; and one giberelin treatment that are given five times, repeatedly. According to the research conducted, the water hyacinth root extract treatment results in the increase of the quantity and weight of the eggplant, and also the reduction in seeds, as it also affects the fruit skin layer thickness. As in the study, the optimum outcome is obtained with the concentration of 150 g/L water hyacinth root extract; which result in average number of fruit 6.6 for each plant, average weight 179.57 gram per fruit, average number of seeds 561 per fruit, average weight 6.14 gram per seed, and average skin thickness 0.78 in each eggplant.   Keywords: Eggplant, gibberellin hormone, water hyacinth, characteristic of eggplant fruit and seeds  

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Chitosan and SiO2 Nanoparticles to Seed Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faride BEHBOUDI ◽  
Zeinalabedin TAHMASEBI SARVESTANI ◽  
Mohamad Zaman KASSAEE ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohamad MODARES SANAVI ◽  
Ali SOROOSHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.  

scholarly journals Allelopathy of aqueous Pachyrhizus erosus L. extracts on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Jaqueline de Araujo Barbosa ◽  
Silvio Douglas Ferreira ◽  
Adriana Cologni Salvalaggio ◽  
Neumárcio Vilanova da Costa ◽  
Márcia de Moraes Echer
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tuberous Root ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽  
Dry Biomass

ABSTRACT Allelopathy contributes to the sustainable management of weeds in growing areas, due to its ability to inhibit the development of weed species. This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Pachyrhizus erosus extract on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa germination. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to the plant portion (shoot and tuberous root), the second to the extract preparation method (water at room temperature and boiling) and the third to the extract concentrations (0 %, 25 %, 50 % and 100 %). Phytochemical analyses were performed to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. The variables germination percentage, germination rate index and dry biomass decreased with increasing aqueous extract concentrations for both E. heterophylla and B. pilosa. When applied a P. erosus crude shoot extract (boiling), decreases of 18 % and 92 % were observed in the E. heterophylla and B. pilosa germination, respectively, with a decrease of 91 % in the dry biomass of E. heterophylla seedlings. The tuberous root extract (boiling), on the other hand, reduced the germination percentages for E. heterophylla and B. pilosa in 18 % and 80 %, respectively. The phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and saponins in the shoot and tuberous root extracts, while tannins were only observed in the shoot extract. Thus, it can be concluded that P. erosus extracts display an allelopathic effect on the weed species evaluated.

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mahadi ◽  
F. Zawawi ◽  
R. Nulit ◽  
M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. I. Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed. Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018. Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily. Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Alnus maritima from Its Three Disjunct Populations

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Managed Landscapes

Genotypic variation and horticultural potential of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder), a large shrub or small tree found naturally in only three small, disjunct populations, have not been studied. We examined effects of population of origin and environment on seed germination and growth and morphology of seedlings. The first experiment showed that 6 weeks of cold stratification optimized germination of half-sibling seeds from Oklahoma at 73.2%. When this treatment was applied to multiple groups of half-siblings from all populations in a second experiment, seeds from Oklahoma had a higher germination percentage (55.0%) than seeds from Georgia (31.4%) and the Delmarva Peninsula (14.7%). In a third experiment, morphology and growth of multiple groups of half-siblings from all three populations were compared in one environment. Leaves of seedlings from Oklahoma were longer (12.8 cm) and more narrow (2.15 length to width ratio) than leaves of seedlings from Georgia (12.0 cm long; ratio = 1.76) and the Delmarva Peninsula (11.6 cm long; ratio = 1.86). Seedlings from Oklahoma and Georgia accumulated dry weight at higher rates (181 and 160 mg·d-1, respectively) than seedlings from Delmarva (130 mg·d-1), while seedlings from Oklahoma and Delmarva were more densely foliated (0.72 and 0.64 leaves and lateral shoots per centimeter of primary stem, respectively) than those from Georgia (0.46 per cm). These differences indicate genetic divergence among the three disjunct populations and the potential to exploit genetic variation to select horticulturally superior A. maritima for use in managed landscapes.

The Effects of Salinity Stress on Seed Reserve Utilization and Germination Percentage of Treated Seeds of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
S.A. Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Percentage Weight

ABSTRACT In order to investigate salinity stress on seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of treated seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), an experiment was carried out. Factorial experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with three replicates. To create salinity stress, NaCl in osmotic levels at 0 (as control), -4, -8, -12 and -16 bar were used. For seed priming, gibberellin (GA) 50 ppm was used. Our results showed that treatment × drought interaction on these traits: germination percentage, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed, seed reserve utilization efficiency, seedling dry weight and seed reserve depletion percentage were significant. The highest germination percentage, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed, seed reserve utilization efficiency, seedling dry weight and seed reserve depletion percentage were attained from priming by gibberellin at control conditions. Thus, priming increased characteristics as compared to the unprimed. Priming improved seed reserve utilization such as: weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve, seed reserve depletion percentage, seed reserve utilization efficiency and seedling growth in barley under salinity stress.

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