scholarly journals NATIONAL AND REGIONAL STATUS AND TRENDS IN LAND RECLAMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
A.A. Sidorov ◽  
◽  
G.E. Kudinova ◽  
A.G. Rozenberg ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Regional Component ◽  
Regional Funds ◽  
State Regional

The article provides information on the state and trends in land reclamation at the federal and regional (Samara region) levels, the availability of irrigated lands. Among developing countries with the largest sown areas in Russia and in its regions, over the years of reforms, there has been a significant reduction and lag in increasing the area of irrigated land, a significant part of which remains in an unsatisfactory state. The authors consider the 2014 state regional program to stimulate this sphere as well as the subprogram for the development of land reclamation adopted in 2018 and for the period up to 2025 within the framework of the state regional program for supporting agriculture. Since 2019, a regional component of the federal project "Export of agricultural products" has been operating in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which provides for the implementation of measures in the field of reclamation of agricultural lands. Shown is the effectiveness of the implementation of the state program and subprogram, which contributed to the increase in the area of reclaimed land, the involvement of retired agricultural land in the turnover. The applied measures of state support are unstable. In the system of regional development of land reclamation, the main financial sources are extra-budgetary funds. Budget allocations are made up of regional funds, the size of which is decreasing, and the growing role of the federal budget in the framework of the activities of the regional component of the federal project "Export of agricultural products".

Productivity and Environmental Role of Forest Shelterbelts of Robinia pseudoacacia L. of the Kuban Lowland

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
V.V. Tanyukevich ◽  
◽  
S.V. Tyurin ◽  
D.V. Khmeleva ◽  
A.A. Kvasha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Young Growth

Works on protective afforestation are carried out in order to protect agricultural land from degradation processes, as well as to improve the microclimate of land. The research purpose is to study the bioproductivity and environmental role of Robinia pseudoacacia L. forest shelterbelts in the conditions of the Kuban lowland. The approved and generally accepted methods of forest valuation, forest land reclamation, botany, and mathematical statistics were applied. Plantings were created according to the standard technology for the steppe zone of the Russian Federation. The area of forest shelterbelts is 62.4 ths ha, including 5 % of the young growth (I state class), 80 % of middle-aged forest plantings (II state class), 10 % of maturing plantings (II state class), 5 % of mature and overmature plantings (III state class). Living ground cover is formed by the following species: Koeleria pyramidata L., Poa pratensis L., Festuca pratensis H., Elytrígia repens L., Dactylis glomerata L., and Phlum pratense L. Aboveground phytomass is 100–300 g/m2; height is 25–32 cm. Plantings are characterized by the quality classes: young growth – I and II; middle-aged and maturing – III; mature and overmature – IV. At the age of natural maturity (70 years), the Robinia trunk reaches the average height of 15.1 m with the average diameter of 22.1 cm. The total stock of wood reaches 18, (ths m3), including (ths m3): young growth – 68 (ths m3); middleaged plantings – 14,871 (ths m3); maturing plantings – 2,187 (ths m3); mature and overmature plantings – 1,314 (ths m3). Aboveground phytomass in young growth is 20.2 t/ha; in mature and overmature plantings it is 391.2 t/ha. In the region it is estimated at 17,070 ths t, including (ths t): young growth – 64; middle-aged plantings – 13,753; maturing plantings – 2,032; mature and overmature plantings – 1,221. The share of stem mass reaches 84.5–80.8 %; woody greenery – 4.2–1.5 %; branches – 11.3–17.7 %. Recalculation coefficients of the stock into aboveground phytomass are the following for: young growth – 0.936; mature and overmature forest shelterbelts – 0.929. Phytosaturation of forest shelterbelts varies within 0.314–2.474 kg/m3. Forest shelterbelts have accumulated 8,534 ths t of carbon, which is estimated at 145.1 mln dollars. The sphere of application of the research results is the Krasnodar Krai forestry, which is recommended to create an additional 60 ths ha of forest shelterbelts, which will provide a normative protective forest cover of arable land of 5 % and annual carbon sequestration up to 3.4 t/ha.

The current state and prospects of development of legal support of hydraulic land reclamation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deineha Maryna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Current State ◽  
Adverse Weather

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the legislation of Ukraine in the field of hydraulic reclamation of lands, as well as to highlight the prospects for the development of legal support of the outlined sphere of public relations. It is established that hydraulic reclamation of lands contributes to increasing soil fertility, increasing productivity and sustainability of agriculture, creating a guaranteed food fund of the state. However, in recent years, the effectiveness of hydraulic land reclamation is declining, due to a number of reasons of objective and subjective nature: insufficient logistics and shortcomings in the operation of hydraulic structures, deterioration of ecological and reclamation of agricultural land, lack of interest and responsibility land users. These factors include incomplete use of scientific developments, insufficient information support, imperfect and outdated legal framework. Given the great importance of hydraulic land reclamation for the development of agriculture in the country, these relations require proper legal regulation. It is concluded that the problems of combating desertification, resource and food security of the state in years with adverse weather conditions, water supply of agriculture cannot be solved only by organizing land reclamation, because this problem is complex. In order to achieve the goals of the Irrigation and Drainage Strategy in Ukraine for the period up to 2030, it is necessary to ensure effective interaction of legal, organizational, economic and financial mechanisms of irrigation and drainage restoration in Ukraine within the framework of the identified priority areas. Keywords: land reclamation, hydraulic land reclamation, land irrigation, land drainage, agricultural lands

THE ROLE OF STATE PROGRAMS IN FORMING THE EXPENDITURE PART OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Pavlova ◽  
Nikita V. Geroev
Keyword(s):  
Federal Budget ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
The State ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Programs ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the structure of state programs financing, provides actual data on federal budget expenditures for several years. On the basis of actual data, the predominant role of state programs in forming the budget system expenditures in the Russian Federation is shown. On average, in 2014-2019, the share of expenditures on state programs was 51.5%. In 2019, the share of expenditures for implementing the state programs in the structure of federal budget expenditures was about 61%. The relevance of the topic showing the impact of state programs on the federal budget expenditures is caused by the fact that in modern conditions, implementation of state programs contributes to harmonious developing certain life spheres in the Russian society and helps the state to direct budget funds more specifically for certain purposes within the areas of state programs implementation. The predominance of state programs gives the state the opportunity to allocate federal budget funds purposefully, as well as it provides an opportunity for the state to finance the main policy directions. Using the methods of comparison, calculation of the specific weight and others, the results are obtained that enable us to draw the following conclusions: the change in the amount of federal budget expenditures and the amount of expenditures on state programs is not proportional, that is why the share of expenditures on implementing the state programs in each period under study is different, but still makes about half of the total amount of expenditures.

scholarly journals Collective and Organic Farming in Tamil Nadu: Women’s Participation, Empowerment and Food Sovereignty

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Pande ◽  
Munmun Jha
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
State Government ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
The State ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Marginalized Women

<p>The aim of this paper is to explore the notion of women’s participation, empowerment and food sovereignty among the marginalized women farmers in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The women farmers who belong largely to the so-called lower castes have been marginalized due to the persistent presence of the patriarchal structure and the continued oppression and discrimination in a caste-ridden society. This is supported and supplemented by the policies and politics of globalization through the state apparatus. This research, based on the fieldwork method, highlights the hitherto undermined role of women farmers in the wake of their efforts at establishing enhanced and sustainable socio-economic relations in connection with the local agricultural land which accounts for their economic and social independence and sovereignty, especially food sovereignty. The process marking this transformation includes collective and organic farming based on millets leading to the creation of an inherent and integral food sovereignty vis-a-vis the increasing usurpation of agricultural land through the nexus of the state government and private companies. The paper also analyzes the issue of land ownership, litigation cases involving women, and the role of community organizations which impel the hitherto marginalized women towards self-sustainable, self-sufficient and self-governed environment in rural agricultural economy.</p>

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut Menjadi Lahan Potensial untuk Menjaga Ketahanan Pangan di Kalimantan Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Budiman Tampubolon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Food Needs

The role of the agricultural sector as a provider of food and non-food sources is directly related to the 2030 SDGs target of eradicating poverty and hunger. In Kubu Raya, one of the developing areas in the agricultural sector is Rasau Jaya District, with main crops being food crops and vegetables for food security. Agricultural land in Rasau Jaya District is dominated by peatlands with 14,371,392 hectares area. This study aims to determine the form of peatland use into potential land, the role of agriculture as a provider of food and non-food sources, and the form of its use. The method used is remote sensing method and survey method. The results showed that land use in the Rasau Jaya District included rice fields, gardens, fields, moor, yards, settlements, forests, shrubs, water bodies, and vacant land. Food crop agricultural products are used to meet food needs as well as non-food needs such as education and health. Most people use the harvest for personal consumption and for sale. There are still not many people in Rasau Jaya District who process agricultural products into a product. Farmers sell their crops in several ways, among others: directly sold to consumers, sold directly to the market by opening their own kiosks, deposited with middlemen and agents, and taken by investors who invest in farmers. Keywords: peatlands, food security, food crops

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN ACCOUNTING: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Olena KOVAL
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises

The issues of accounting and information provision of management, state and social control over biological assets with genetically modified forms are considered. The method of constructing a separate account of the availability of genetically modified biological assets (GMBA) and operations on their transformations has been developed, ways of improving the quality of the P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" have been identified, which lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The analysis of accounting standards has shown that in the content of P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" there is no information on the procedure for the accounting and control of biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs. In connection with this, it is necessary to find an integrated approach to building a system of accounting for biological assets with genetically modified organisms, in view of increasing public requests for accounting information in the context of sustainable development. Since GMOs are the assets of all agricultural enterprises in the form of biological assets and agricultural products, for the "transparent" accounting of the enterprise it is necessary to reflect them as separate objects of accounting. Mandatory allocation of relevant analytical accounts leads to the introduction of additional articles on genetically modified biological assets in the accounting registers of accounting and statistical reporting. The accounting of biological assets with genetically modified organisms should ensure that accurate information is obtained about the quality and quantity of these assets, and the basis for their reliable assessment. More responsibly should be placed on the disclosure of information on genetically modified biological assets in the Notes to the Financial Statements. We suggest that the accumulated information on biological assets from GMOs be reflected in a separate section in section 16 entitled "Financial Results from Primary Acceptance and Marketing of Agricultural Products from GMOs and Additional Biological Assets with GMOs". The introduction of a separate section in the notes on genetically modified assets will allow obtaining the necessary operational information on these assets for management needs and for the state as a whole. Information on the biological assets of the enterprise and their biological transformations, as well as agricultural products, are reflected in the Form 50-s. "Basic economic indicators of agricultural enterprises". We consider it expedient to supplement it with another section, which will reflect the information on the composition of production and marketing of agricultural products from GMOs. The financial statements of agricultural enterprises require changes in the reflection of the reassessment of biological assets and information on the production and sale of genetically modified assets. Information on GMO biological assets is currently absent from P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41, although it is significant both at the enterprise level and on the basis of the country as a whole. Therefore, we consider it expedient to supplement the contents of the provisions with the section "Environmental safety", which will specify the method of constructing a separate accounting for biological assets with GMOs. Solving the problems of accurately displaying information in accounting and reporting regarding genetically modified biological assets and their biological transformations requires the adoption of new, regulatory and legal decisions by the state. Taking into account the harmonization of Ukraine's legislation with the EU, this statement is quite logical. In this regard, we propose the standard of accounting for agricultural activities to be supplemented with the section "State support", which, in addition to the norms reflected in IAS 41, found a place and provisions to stimulate the production of biological assets and agricultural products without genetically modified organisms.From the above, we believe that at the state level, companies should be required to account for biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs in accounting and reporting. The real steps in this regard are to create, with the help of economic incentives (taxes, loans, privileges, etc.), state support to companies that provide true information on the availability of biological assets from GMOs, the quantity of GM products grown and markets for its sales. Consequently, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of a new accounting of agricultural activity, having identified the problems of its application in practice, we propose to finalize P (S) 30 "Biological Assets". The revised standard will facilitate more realistic accounting in agriculture and achievement of higher end results of activities in order to ensure the management of reliable and truthful information about the results of activities. Improvement of P (S) 30 "Biological Assets" lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The issue of "State support" and "Environmental safety" require separate disclosure in agricultural sectoral standards. The world standardization of accounting and reporting of the production of genetically modified products is also very important

The State and Features of Production in Medium and Large Agricultural Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
I.A. Minakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Organizations

The article considers the process of concentration of production in medium and large agricultural organizations, their size, features and factors of agricultural development in them. The role of these enterprises in the production of agricultural products and the formation of an export-oriented agricultural economy is shown. Proposals for the development of large-scale agricultural production are justified.

CURRENT STATE OF THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE AREAS OF LAND FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
SINTSOV ALEXANDER V. ◽  
◽  
BARMIN ALEXANDER N. ◽  
MAKSIMOVA OKSANA YU. ◽  
KLACHKOVA IRINA V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The South ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

Land resources are one of the most important resources in the environmental management system. This resource is necessary for almost all types of human activity: agriculture, construction, industry, mining, recreation, etc. According to the intended purpose in the Land Code of the Russian Federation, lands are divided into seven categories, differing from each other in the economic and legal regime of use. One of these categories is agricultural land. This category of land includes territories necessary for obtaining agricultural products or other purposes related to agriculture, as well as they are geographically distributed outside settlements. Lands of this category of designated purpose are characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact (agro-preparatory processing of the territory, obtaining agricultural products, placement and grazing of livestock), which significantly affects the indicators of natural biodiversity downward. In order to study the state of land resources in the South of Russia, an analysis was made of the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the current state of agricultural land in the South of Russia. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the period from 2009 to 2019. Statistical and analytical methods of geographical research were involved in the work, information was searched for on the state of lands of this category of lands in a certain period of time. In the course of the work, information was collected on the state of agricultural land in each of the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District and the features of changes in the area of land of this category were determined.

scholarly journals Legal Basis Of State Control In Agricultural Land Reclamation

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Kurbonov Eldor Rashidovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
State Control ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Provision ◽  
Government Functions ◽  
Practical Analysis ◽  
Legal Expertise

This article describes the role of state control in the field of land reclamation and importance of its legal provision, government functions in implementing control, forms of state control in the field of land reclamation, implementation legal expertise procedure in land reclamation, content and essence of land reclamation cadaster, as well as theoretical and practical analysis of legal basis for its maintenance, proposals for improving the legislation in this area.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF FISCAL ACTIVITIES OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES IN ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2(42)) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Evelina Vladimirovna Fakhretdenova
Keyword(s):  
Federal Budget ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Revenue Administration

The article is devoted to researching the activities of the Russian Federation customs authorities in the context of ensuring the economic security of the state and protecting its economic interests. The author places special emphasis on the fiscal function of the customs authorities, which is expressed in the formation of the federal budget revenues. Apart from that, fiscal function is a fundamental one from the point of view of determining the state economic potential. The article provides a detailed analysis of the mechanism of customs revenue administration, which is integral to solving the fiscal problem, and the legal foundations of which are laid both at the national and supranational levels.

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