Citāti zinātniskajos tekstos un ar to lietojumu saistītie komentāri

2021 ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Dzintra Šulce ◽  
◽  
Dana Tihomirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Publication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Text Format ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Internet Environment ◽  
Language Corpus ◽  
Insight Into

Not only is the structure of texts important in the language of science, but also the possible ways of expressing their individual structural elements by means of language. The material for researching the means of expression of the Latvian language of science is taken from the text corpus obtained in the project “Latvian language of science in the intralingual aspect” (2018–2020) using the program AntConc. This language corpus is based on scientific texts in the Internet environment (2008–2018) in all sectors of science and their sub-sectors. One of the important indicators of a scientific publication's quality is the purposeful use of previous research in own work. The article researches the formulations for the involvement of other authors’ work in the scientific publication and evaluates the comments related to their use. The thoughts, views, opinions, and conclusions of other researchers are involved in the text in various ways, but the most common types are quotations and retelling of the thoughts expressed by other authors, i.e. paraphrasing. The research of the corpus of scientific texts allows concluding that the references to the cited literature, sources, and authors are mostly used in accordance with the requirements of the style of scientific language and text format. A common record in these cases ensures objectivity, demonstrates respect for copyright, and prevents plagiarism. The collected material allows to judge not only the problems of the use of scientific language in one field but also provides an insight into the research of scientific texts in a broader context.

scholarly journals STANDARD AND REALITIES OF LANGUAGE PRESENTATION OF DENTAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9.1 (85.1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Leshchenko ◽  
◽  
Maryna Zhovnir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
Primary Focus

The article deals with the typical mistakes of dental scientific researches – original theses, articles, manuals, textbooks, monographs, texts of abstracts and dissertations, etc. The necessity to form and develop language competence in academics has been showed. The research aims to focus attention on the importance of language presentation of the current scientific thoughts, ideas and hypotheses. According to this, the focus of this research has been shifted to the peculiarities of the development and potential of the scientific language. So, its quality and normalization have been considered by the authors. They interpret this aspect as interesting and extremely urgent problems of modern humanitarian science. The authors also mentioned the need to clarify the necessity of visible improvement of the scientific publication. Certain other priorities for modern scholars, such as monitoring the quality of its basic standard were pointed out. It is generally known, that there are diversity of discourses and each of them has its own particular tools. Apart from their specific discursive characteristic, either one of them has a number of language features. This is not only in the area of communication. Firstly, it concerns essential ideas about discursive representation according to the current language norms. This article deals with the dental discourse. Or more precisely, the primary focus is on its proper grammar. In this response the diversity of dental scientific researches – original theses, articles, manuals, textbooks, monographs, etc. has been analyzed in detail. The typical grammatical, in particular morphological mistakes of the above-mentioned scientific and materials and teaching aids have been showed. Scientific texts as well as various learning and teaching materials on dentistry have been examined from the point of view of the correctness of their morphological organization. The examples of incorrect usage of curtain language units in the samples of scientific dental discourse have been described and characterized. The appropriate utilizing of mail gendered terms (genitive case) has been also analyzed.

Manuscript language norms in translating science articles

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-86
Author(s):  
O.O. Mykhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Science Article

A science article, as one of the leading genres in the scientific discourse, is becoming increasingly significant in modern science communication. It allows the wide audience to learn about the newest research results in various fields of science and technology. New scientific information is shared around the world mostly through translations. A particular research interest is taken in the quality of translation of science papers and the conformity of target texts to the scientific language norms. In Ukraine, there is a current need for highly-qualified translators of scientific texts into English, who can help the author of a science article to present worldwide new research results. It is important for translators to be knowledgeable about the basic rules of transition from the source to the target language, in rendering science texts. To take a rational translation solution, the translator should be competent in using translation devices and bring the source text into accordance with the norms of the language of science. The translator should be trained enough in the branch of knowledge the translation texts belong to. Our analysis of the Ukrainian-English translations of science articles in physics aims to establish the degree of equivalence of source and target texts and to evaluate the translation solutions that were chosen to achieve the text equivalence. The special research attention has been paid to the stylistic features of the language of science and the basic rules of manuscript language that should be a guide for a translator of scientific texts.

Lauksaimniecības, meža un veterinārās zinātnes tekstu raksturojums lingvistiskā aspektā

2020 ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Dzintra Šulce ◽  
Dana Tihomirova
Keyword(s):  
Original Writing ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Require Time ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Insight Into

Problems related to scientific language are being resolved in different ways currently, also within the project “Intra-lingual Aspects of the Latvian Scientific Language”. A total of 384 scientific articles in the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary science industry have been collected. This material not only allows us to make some conclusions about the problems regarding scientific language use in these disciplines but also gives insight into the overall research of scientific texts. The article highlights some essential linguistic aspects of scientific texts, for example, the structure of industry texts, means of expression, use of the special vocabulary, the linguistic quality of the texts, largely dependent on the work of editors and reviewers, but most directly on the responsibility of the authors themselves. The quality of any published work is influenced by the language used. Various types of deviations from the scientific style requirements have been detected in the industry texts, like misspellings and punctuation mistakes, inaccuracies, and lack of consistency even within a single collection of articles. The special vocabulary has a significant share in the texts – terms and professionalisms, various names used in the industry, symbols, and abbreviations, many of which are in original writing (usually in Latin). Although this type of writing is governed by international tradition, its use should not be exaggerated as such writing sometimes interferes with the perception of the content. Special word groups are closely related to the language of the industry. AntConc was used to search them, selecting such possible lexical units as keywords specific to the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary sciences. A dictionary of terminology is essential in working with the industrial texts. Unfortunately, such comprehensive dictionaries are not available in subsectors related to agriculture. Specialists point out that, over the years, a number of scientific disciplines have encountered major problems with the terminology that require time and financial resources to address them successfully.

scholarly journals Structure Formation in Anisotropic Disks

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S235) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Eduard Vorobyov ◽  
Christian Theis
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Linear Stability ◽  
Linear Stability Analysis ◽  
Disk Galaxies ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Small Perturbations ◽  
Gravitational Instabilities ◽  
Hydrodynamical Simulations ◽  
Axisymmetric Structures ◽  
Insight Into

The majority of normal disk galaxies are characterized by non-axisymmetric structures like spirals or bars. These structural elements have been widely discussed in the literature as a result of gravitational instabilities which are connected to growing density waves or global instabilities of disks. A first insight into the properties of galactic discs was provided by linear stability analysis. However, a disadvantage of linear stability analysis remained its restriction to small perturbations, both in amplitude and wavelength. Thus, numerical simulations, especially hydrodynamical and stellar-hydrodynamical simulations became a primary tool for the analysis of galactic evolution.

Nacionālā valoda zinātnē: Latvijas piemērs

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Agnese Dubova ◽  
Diāna Laiveniece ◽  
Egita Proveja ◽  
Baiba Egle
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
National Language ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Scientific Excellence ◽  
Language Of Science

The aim of the paper is to show and describe the current situation in the Latvian scientific language based on a case study of the problem about the place of a national language and its existence in science in modern globalised time, when the dominance of English as the lingua franca of science grows. More specifically, the paper analyses the November 2019 conceptual plans of the Latvian Ministry of Education and Science about a new concept of doctoral study programmes that would lean towards using English as the doctoral dissertation language in hopes for scientific excellence, and the public reaction and opinion on this concept. The descriptive method is used within the paper, including the contemporary literature review focused on the language of science globally, issues of multilingualism and glocalization, and the problems caused by these issues. Via empirical discourse content analysis, the authors looked at various documents, including Latvian law that governs the rights and rules of the Latvian language use in various contexts. They examined a wide array of mainly online content and diverse online community discourse related to the question of what language should be used (Latvian or English) within the doctoral dissertation process. For a comparison of the situation, the paper also provides a brief insight into the regulation of the language used in the development of dissertations in Lithuania. During the study, 21 different sources, that is, articles posted on various Latvian news media sites and 304 online user comments, predominantly anonymous, under these articles relating to the issue of language choice in doctoral dissertations were analysed. All the mentioned sources, to a greater or lesser extent, discussed the issue of what place Latvian has as a language of science and whether English should be the dominant language in doctoral studies, what implications the choice and usage of a language could have, and what far-reaching impact this might have on science, education, and society. The material revealed a breadth of opinions, depending on what group a person is more likely to represent, ranging from the Ministry stance to organisations and the general public. Some had a very pro-English stance, and some showed significant concern for the Latvian language. The main trend in online community user opinions could be condensed as such: there is a variety of language choices for a doctoral dissertation – a dissertation written in Latvian; a dissertation written in English; or leaving the language choice up to the doctoral student. This would ensure that the language choice fits the doctoral students’ goals and field of research. Making English mandatory would not likely lead to guarantee scientific excellence as what matters is the research content itself, not the language used. The national language in science is a current and important issue in Latvia, as there is a need for state language use in a scientific register, and this usage should be developed further. The Ministry document discussed is still a draft report, and it is not yet known what final decisions on the PhD process and dissertation language will be taken by policymakers in the future. This paper shows that language choice and use in science is not just a matter for scholars and PhD candidates, but an issue that can and does gain interest from various groups of society and gets discussed online in multiple ways, allowing people to express their opinion on policy and societal issues. Latvian is a scientific language, and it has a place within the international scientific discourse, and it should not be made to step aside for the dominant lingua franca.

Phenomenon of the Internet Immersion: Definition and Measurement

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
L.A. Regush ◽  
◽  
A.V. Orlova ◽  
E.V. Alekseeva ◽  
O.R. Veretina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Time Range ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Internet Environment

The purpose of the study was to justify the essence of the “Internet immersion” phenomenon and to create a standardized method for its measurement. A comparative analysis of approaches to human behavior on the Internet environment and existing diagnostic methods has revealed a significant variety of categories and definitions used. At the same time, there is no definition that: first, characterizes the degree and quality of user's Internet activity; second, is free from negative and clinical connotations; and, third, describes a wider time range of Internet usage than the actual state of immersion. The authors substantiate the possibility of studying the phenomenon of the Internet immersion through the category of disposition. It consists of the readiness to use technical means and informational resources of the Internet to solve problems in various types of activities and communication. The authors identify traditional components in the structure of the Internet immersion phenomenon. These are, first of all, a cognitive component, represented by digital competence self-assessment; then, an affective component, represented by motivation and emotional and value-based attitude towards the Internet; and a behavioral component, represented by the amount of digital consumption. Based on this definition, it was possible to construct a compact 9-block “Index of the Internet immersion” questionnaire. Its standardization was conducted on the sample of 712 adolescents, aged from 11 to 17. Using the factor analysis, the structure of the questionnaire was identified. The first factor includes questions that relate to the time spent on the Internet and signs of dependence on it. The second factor includes questions that reveal the activity component and emotional attitude to the Internet. The third factor includes questions about experience and self-assessment of digital competence. The advantage of the “Index of the Internet immersion” questionnaire is a fairly high reliability for internal consistency of scales throughout the questionnaire. We also confirmed the sufficient convergent validity of the “Internet environment immersion Index” method with the “Scale of Problematic Internet Usage” by A.A. Gerasimova, A.B. Kholmogorova (adapted version of Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS) by S. Caplan) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT, K. Young), modified by V. A. Loskutova. This indicates its validity as an independent tool that does not duplicate other tools for semantically similar phenomena measurement. In the conditions of forced self-isolation that have developed in our country, the method of the Internet immersion diagnostics as an adequate and theoretically justified tool will allow us to study changes in the emotional state and behavior of teenagers on the Internet.

Scientific registers in contact

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Teich ◽  
Mônica Holtz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Research Articles ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Linguistic Means

We report on a project investigating the lexico-grammatical properties of English scientific texts. The goal of this project is to gain insight into the linguistic effects of two scientific disciplines coming into contact with one another (e.g. computer science and linguistics) and possibly forming a merged, new discipline (i.e. computational linguistics). The crucial question to be addressed is how such merged disciplines construe their own, distinctive identity and which kinds of linguistic means they employ to this end. To approach this question, we apply the notion of register, i.e. functional variation or variation according to context of use. On the basis of a corpus of scientific research articles from nine scientific domains, we explore selected lexico-grammatical patterns and assess their contribution to register formation.

scholarly journals Probability Models for Assessing Effectiveness of Advertising Channels in the Internet Environment

2018 ◽  
pp. 209-215
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Markov Processes ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Internet Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theory Of Graphs ◽  
Selection Of

Nowadays, marketing specialists simultaneously use several channels to attract visitors to websites. There is a difficulty in assessing not only the efficiency and conversion of each channel separately, but also in their interconnection. The problem occurs when users visit a website from several sources and only after that do the key action. To assess the effectiveness and selection of the most optimal channels, different models of attribution are used. The models are reviewed in the article. However, we propose to use multi-channel attribution, which provides an aggregate assessment of multi-channel sequences, taking into account that they are interdependent. The purpose of the paper is to create an attribution model that comprehensively evaluates multi-channel sequences and shows the effect of each channel on the conversion. The presented model of attribution can be based on the theory of graphs or Markov chains. The first method of calculation is more visual, the second (based on Markov chains) allows for work with a large amount of data. As a result, a model of multi-channel attribution was presented, which is based on Markov processes or graph theory. It allows for maximum comprehensive assessing of the impact of each channel on the conversion. On the basis of the two methods, calculations were carried out, confirming the adequacy of the model used for the tasks assigned.

scholarly journals Essays on natural codes: probably and improbably (I)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloje M. Rakočević
Keyword(s):  
Biological Science ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Chemical Code

The text represents a narration of narration. First, an article was written on the analogies of the genetic and chemical code (MMR, 2018b), and then its Supplement 1 (MMR, 2020b); both articles written in standard scientific language, without associations and contexts that would lead to other topics and other scientific disciplines. However, it proved necessary to do both in this third step, which required an essayistic way of telling. Only such a way made it possible (with the hope that I succeeded in that) to say directly where "iacet lepus": the existing paradigms in current chemical and biological science are the reason for "preventing" insight into analogies and a kind of unity of natural codes.

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