scholarly journals Global Tourism and COVID-19

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-280
Author(s):  
Priya Harchandani ◽  
Samik Shome
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Opening Up

The world is facing an unprecedented situation with COVID-19. The normal functioning of economies has been completely interrupted with the lockdowns in place. The consequences of pandemic have been deeply felt across the entire global tourism ecosystem. Travel restrictions that were put in place to reduce the outbreak of coronavirus, affected various sectors of every economy. Since recovery of tourism is crucial for the turnaround of any economy, this study aims to provide an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on global tourism and highlighted the ways that can lead the path of revival of the sector. To make this assessment, the paper studied three associated industries of tourism viz. airlines; hospitality with special focus on the hotel segment; and the MSMEs involved directly in tourism related business. Region-wise analysis reveals that the Asia-Pacific zone has been the worst affected followed by the Middle East. As countries are opening up their borders and encouraging tourism, the sector is facing the challenge of rebuilding the consumer confidence in order to promote future tourism. Hence, the paper also provides an overview of policy decisions taken worldwide which will be crucial for sustenance of the global tourism sector.

scholarly journals The Effects of Covid-19 on Global Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Priya Harchandani ◽  
◽  
Samik Shome ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

The world is facing an unprecedented situation with Covid-19 posing many socioeconomic challenges to tackle. While projections of UNWTO suggest that international tourist arrivals could decline by 60-80 per cent for 2020, global tourism has once again come under the radar of crises. The aim of this study is to explore and discuss the ramifications of the pandemic on global tourism and its allied industries. For the same, a regional assessment has been carried out on global tourism and three associated industries including airlines, hospitality with special focus on the hotel segment and the MSMEs involved directly in tourism. Region-wise analysis reveals that Asia-Pacific region has been the most affected followed by Europe and America due to the restrictions imposed on travel and tourism sector across nations. The paper also discusses the policy responses taken by economies across the world and provides an overview of the future policy decisions which will be crucial for the sustenance of the global tourism sector. Tourism, a resilient and flexible sector, requires several structural adjustments in order to survive and recover. Even with countries opening up their borders and encouraging tourism, the sector is gripped by the challenge of rebuilding the consumer confidence in order to promote future tourism. Globalization has led to increased susceptibility of tourism to crises and sustainability powered with innovation maybe the way out for the sector.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism: A Case Study of Lumbini, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-43
Author(s):  
Bhim Bahadur Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to discover and present the impacts of COVID-19 in tourism in the context of Lumbini and its premises. As COVID-19 spread globally, it has created many challenges in health and security, daily lives, the national economy, and the global tourism industry. The COVID-19 outbreak has been considered as the most challenging tragedy that occurred in the world after the 2nd world war. The World Health Organization (WHO) had listed Nepal also as a country with a high-risk zone of COVID-19.The travel restriction and nationwide lock-down implemented by many countries including Nepal have resulted in a stranded traveler’s movement. As the consequences ticket reservation, flight services, transportation, hotel, and restaurants were closed and several job losses were registered in the tourism sector. The negative effects like fear, threat, frustration, and losing the confidence of tourism entrepreneurs appeared. This has brought changes in the tourists’ behavior and their motivation to travel for the next few years. In Lumbini businesses like lodges, hotels, restaurants, and travel offices were also severely affected by the pandemic. Thus, the tourism sector has been facing serious threats due to the prolonged lockdown and closing of tourism activities than the terror of COVID-19 itself.

scholarly journals The contribution of tourism revenues to economic development during the terrorism crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Hosameldin H. Ismail ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Tourism revenues have contributed to economic development in many countries, whether developed or developing, all over the world. It is one of the sources of foreign cash flows that contribute to increasing the Gross Domestic Product (Henceforth GDP). Tourism also contributes to providing employment opportunities as it is a labor-intensive industry. Egypt has many factors that attract tourists, especially cultural and natural tourism. However, its share in global tourism is still lower than its touristic position, especially during the terrorism crisis that Egypt has suffered from since 2011 and which contributed to the decline in tourism revenues from $ 11.6 billion to $ 3.8 billion during the period (2009-2010: 2014-2015). Because of the importance of tourism revenues, this study aims at identifying the extent to which it contributes to financing the services balance and analyzing its impact on both the services balance and the GDP during the study period (2001-2002: 2016-2017). The present study relied upon the descriptive and analytical methodology. The descriptive methodology describes the contribution of tourism revenues to economic development in light of the terrorism crisis in Egypt. It also identifies the development of the relationship between the tourism sector and terrorism. Regarding the analytical methodology, regression analysis is used to measure the impact of tourism revenues on Egypt's GDP. The descriptive approach was generally adopted with the help of statistical analysis tools to measure the statistical relationship of tourism revenues with the number of tourists, the services balance, and the GDP. The study showed a positive relationship between tourism revenues and GDP. Therefore, it recommends focusing on the development of the industrial and tourism sectors.

scholarly journals Tourism development post global financial crisis: Case of Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjan Tushaj ◽  
Rakela Thano
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Tourism is the elastic sector and capable of demonstrating the significant capacity past the crisis occurrence despite it is more appreciable in the short run. The global financial crisis during 2008 – 2009 passed likewise the adverse external shock to developing countries and we faced to the consequences of it. It had the significant impact on the tourism sector. Empirical results demonstrated that tourist revenues tend to be more affected than cash tourist during the time of crisis. Impact of the crisis on the tourism sector associated with the different effects in diverse countries. The crisis around the world brought to Albania the highest number of tourists, but tourism receipts per tourist were lower compared to other years. The goal of this paper is to analyze the impacts of post global economic crisis on the tourism sector according to Albania and around the diverse world regions. The paper investigated the indicators of tourism sector linking to Albania and global regions through the comparative static and dynamic analysis during 2009 – 2014. We concluded that the impact of crisis in the tourism sector and its renovation were altering to dissimilar countries. The global tourism renovated during 2012, meanwhile the Albanian tourism sector was renovating during 2014.

THE ACTIVITIES OF THE USA AND CHINA IN THE REGIONS OF THE WORLD, AFFECTING THE REALIZATION OF RUSSIA'S INTERESTS. Part 1: country interests and activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Gordienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the interests of Russia, the United States and China in the regions of the world and identifies the priorities of Russia's activities in Europe, Central Asia and the Caucasus, the Asia-Pacific region, the Arctic, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America, their comparative assessment with the interests of the United States and China. An approach to assessing the impact of possible consequences of the activities of the United States and China on the realization of Russia's interests is proposed. This makes it possible to identify the priorities of the policy of the Russian Federation in various regions of the world. The results of the analysis can be used to substantiate recommendations to the military-political leadership of our country. It is concluded that the discrepancy between the interests of the United States and China is important for the implementation of the current economic and military policy of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Influence of Tourism Destination Products and Images on Tourist Visiting Decision to Kota Seribu Sungai Banjarmasin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Devin Cahya Triansya ◽  
Beta Budisetyorini
Keyword(s):  
Positive Influence ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

 AbstractThe continuous rapidly growth of tourism sector with the tight competition in the field of tourismmakes not all tourist destinations in the world always experience an increase in the number of tourist visits each year. Banjarmasin City, dubbed the “Kota Seribu Sungai” or "City of Thousand Rivers" and is known as the Thousand Rivers tourist destination has experiencedfluctuate number of tourist arrivals and tend to decline. The fluctuate number of tourist arrivalssourced from tourist visiting decisions can be influenced by various factors, including tourism destination productsand image. This study aims to see the effects of tourism destination products consisting of physical products, people, packages, and programsalsothe image of tourism destinations consisting of cognitive image and affective image on tourists visiting decision to the city of Thousand River Banjarmasin. The data obtained were taken by questionnaire to 123 tourists by accidental sampling. The results of the research were analyzed using multiple linear regression with two equations, namely (I) The influence of tourism destination products on tourist visiting decision and (II) The impact of tourism destination image on tourist visiting decision. The resultsfound the positive influence of tourism destination products to thetourist visiting decision of 54.5% and the image of tourism destination on the tourist visiting decision of 53.4% and the rest of 45.5% and 46.6% influenced by other factors not examined. The results of the analysis also showed the effect of tourism destination products variable partially consisting of physical products, packages, and programs have an effect on the decision of tourists while people have no influence. As for the variable image of tourism destinations in partial consisting of cognitive image and affective image affect the decision of tourists visiting to Kota Seribu Sungai Banjarmasin. 

scholarly journals The role of tourism in the economy. The formation of tourist flows to the ASEAN countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (18) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Sazhida S. SAFINA ◽  
◽  
Irina G. TETERKINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Statistical Yearbook ◽  
The Impact

In the presented article on the base of statistical data from the World Tourism and Travel Council, the World Tourism Organization, the ASEAN Statistical Yearbook, and the official websites of national tourism organizations of the ASEAN countries the impact of tourism on the economy of the ASEAN countries is assessed. The region’s tourist demand and supply are analyzed. The factors of the formation of the main tourist flows from Asia-Pacific, European, American and Australia and Oceania macroregions are studied.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MARKET CAPITAL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY: EXPERIENCE OF THE EU AND OTHER COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
M. Troian ◽  
V. Shkola ◽  
M. Domashenko ◽  
T. Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
World Order ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry faced a crisis that could be the worst in history. In recent years, the tourism industry has been one of the fastest-growing industries, sometimes faster than the world economy as a whole. 2019 has brought unprecedented changes to the world order, affecting all socio-ecological and economic ties. What are the consequences of and will have global tourism in connection with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which countries and regions of the world will suffer the greatest losses, what threatens and what are the benefits of the tourism crisis that will bring a "new order" to the tourism industry, what innovative management anti-crisis measures should be applied by world governments and non-governmental organizations to overcome the unprecedented tourism crisis - all these issues remain acute and have identified the research topic. The paper examines the methodological developments and recommendations for overcoming the tourism crisis in Europe caused by the pandemic virus COVID-19, namely, the article identifies the basics and consequences of the pandemic impact on market capital on the example of tourism in Europe and the world, shows that the global tourism industry is one of the main factors in the formation of market capital, studied market capital as a component of intellectual capital on the example of tourism in the EU, outlined the prospects for global tourism, developed a system of measures to overcome the global crisis through tourism SWOT-analysis. Namely: enhanced multilateral cooperation and strong support are important for the resumption of tourism; the speed of adaptation of governments at all levels and the private sector involved in the tourism sector and the ability to respond quickly and adapt to the crisis; providing targeted and affordable government support as quickly and efficiently as possible for vulnerable tourism enterprises, workers and tourists; ensuring policy clarity and taking measures to limit uncertainty; invention and development of more sustainable and sustainable (socio-ecological-economic) models of tourism; development of tourism education and legislation.

IMPACT OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC ON THE LEVEL OF INFLATION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
A. Rasha ◽  
◽  
Sergey P. Koltchin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The World ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted many countries to implement social distancing, lock-downs and travel restrictions, bringing the global economy to an unprecedented collapse in peacetime. The article examines the impact of this collapse on the level of inflation in the global economy with some examples of countries in the world.

scholarly journals Tourism under the Early Phase of COVID-19 in Four APEC Economies: An Estimation with Special Focus on SARS Experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7543
Author(s):  
Bao-Linh Tran ◽  
Chi-Chung Chen ◽  
Wei-Chun Tseng ◽  
Shu-Yi Liao
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact

This study examines how experience of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) influences the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on international tourism demand for four Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) economies, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Thailand, and New Zealand, over the 1 January–30 April 2020 period. To proceed, panel regression models are first applied with a time-lag effect to estimate the general effects of COVID-19 on daily tourist arrivals. In turn, the data set is decomposed into two nation groups and fixed effects models are employed for addressing the comparison of the pandemic-tourism relationship between economies with and without experiences of the SARS epidemic. Specifically, Taiwan and Hong Kong are grouped as economies with SARS experiences, while Thailand and New Zealand are grouped as countries without experiences of SARS. The estimation result indicates that the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases has a significant negative impact on tourism demand, in which a 1% COVID-19 case increase causes a 0.075% decline in tourist arrivals, which is a decline of approximately 110 arrivals for every additional person infected by the coronavirus. The negative impact of COVID-19 on tourist arrivals for Thailand and New Zealand is found much stronger than for Taiwan and Hong Kong. In particular, the number of tourist arrivals to Taiwan and Hong Kong decreased by 0.034% in response to a 1% increase in COVID-19 confirmed cases, while in Thailand and New Zealand, a 1% national confirmed cases increase caused a 0.103% reduction in tourism demand. Moreover, the effect of the number of domestic cases on international tourism is found lower than the effect caused by global COVID-19 mortality for the economies with SARS experiences. In contrast, tourist arrivals are majorly affected by the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Thailand and New Zealand. Finally, travel restriction in all cases is found to be the most influencing factor for the number of tourist arrivals. Besides contributing to the existing literature focusing on the knowledge regarding the nexus between tourism and COVID-19, the paper’s findings also highlight the importance of risk perception and the need of transmission prevention and control of the epidemic for the tourism sector.

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