THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREECLAMPSIA AND PARITY IN MATERNAL BIRTH IN RSUD MUHAMMAD SANI KARIMUN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Bratasena Bratasena ◽  
Junita Henriette
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽  
High Parity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Background : In Indonesia, eclampsia in addition to bleeding and infection is still the main cause of maternal mortality and a high cause of perinatal mortality. Therefore, early diagnosis of preeclampsia, which is a preliminary level of eclampsia, and its handling need to be implemented immediately to reduce maternal and child mortality (Prawiroharjo, 2012). Method : The research design used was case control. Population is the whole object of research. The population in this study were all women who gave birth at Muhammad Sani Karimun Hospital, namely 218 people with the number of preeclampsia incidents of 30 people. The number of cases to be used is 2 (two) times the number of cases, namely 60 people. The analysis used was the Ods Ratio (OR), which is a measure of the association of exposure (risk factors) with the incidence of disease in the risk group (exposed to risk factors) compared to the incidence of disease in the group that is not at risk (not exposed to risk factors). Result : The results of the study, the value of the Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 6,875 with a value of 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 3,318-12,410. Congclusions : The conclusion of this research is that respondents with high parity are 6.8 times more likely to experience preeclampsia than respondents with little parity.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI, LINGKAR PINGGANG, DAN PROFIL LIPID TERHADAP HIPERTENSI PADA USIA PRODUKTIF BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Meilani Kumala ◽  
Susy Olivia Lontoh ◽  
Novendy Novendy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in the world today increases year by year. Monitoring data of non communicable diseases (NCD), 2017 shows that the number and risk of death for Indonesian people in productive age is quite high. Research on the relationship between risk factors and hypertension in low-income productive age communities in Indonesia has not been widely studied. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status, waist circumference (WC) and lipid profile with hypertension in people of low income productive age. Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional. Identity data were collected through interview, blood pressure, anthropometry, waist circumference data were obtained by measuring and blood lipid profile, fasting blood sugar data were carried out by laboratory test. The data that had been obtained were tested using Fisher’s exact test. Results: As many as 50% of 62 subjects had hypetension, 38.7% of subjects had overweight, 33,87% of subjects had obesity and 61.9% of subjects had WC above normal or including central obesity. As many as 37.1% of subjects had hypercholesterolemia, 90.3% had low density lipoproteinemia (LDL) above normal, 16.1% of subjects had high density lipoproteinemia (HDL) below normal and 22.6% of subjects had hypertriglyceridemia. The results of Fisher's exact test showed that there was no relationship between nutritional status, WC and lipid profiles with hypertension. The prevalence odds ratio (POR) showed that subjects with over nutrition and obesity have a 1.63 times risk of developing hypertension; subjects with central obesity had a 1.73 times risk of developing hypertension; subjects with hypercholesterolemia had a 2.7-fold risk of developing hypertension and subjects with high LDL had 2.15 times the risk of developing hypertension, while POR of HDL and triglycerides showed a neutral value or not a risk factor for hypertension. Conclusion: Nutritional status, WC, lipid profile have no relationship with hypertension in low-income productive age people in Indonesia. Based on the POR, it was found that obesity, WC, cholesterol and LDL were risk factors for hypertension, whereas triglycerides and HDL did not affect the incidence of hypertension Keywords: nutritional status; waist circumferences; lipid profile; productive age; low income AbstrakLatar Belakang: Pevalensi hipertensi di dunia dewasa ini meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Data monitor kemajuan penyakit tidak menular (PTM), 2017 menunjukkan bahwa angka dan risiko kematian masyarakat dengan usia produktif di Indonesia cukup tinggi.Penelitian hubungan faktor risiko terhadap hipertensi pada masyarakat usia produktif berpenghasilan rendah di Indonesia belum banyak dikaji lebih dalam. Tujuan: Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi, lingkar pinggang (Lpi) dan profil lipid dengan hipertensi pada masyarakat usia produktif berpenghasilan rendah. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Data identitas dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, data tekanan darah, antropometri, lingkar pinggang diperoleh dengan melakukan pengukuran dan data profil lipid darah, gula darah puasa dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Data yang telah diperoleh, diuji menggunakan uji Fisher’s exact. Hasil: Sebanyak 50% dari 62 subjek mengalami hipertensi, 38,7% subjek mempunyai status gizi berlebih, 33,9% subjek termasuk obesitas dan 61,9% subjek mempunyai Lpi di atas normal atau obesitas sentral. Sebanyak 37,1% subjek mengalami hiperkolesterolemia, 90,3% mempunyai low density lipoproteinemia (LDL) di atas normal, 16,1% subjek mempunyai high density lipoproteinemia (HDL) dibawah normal dan 22,6% subjek mengalami hipertrigliseridemia. Hasil uji Fisher’s exact menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi, Lpi dan profil lipid dengan hipertensi. Prevalence odds ratio menunjukkan subjek dengan status gizi berlebih dan obesitas mempunyai risiko 1,63 kali mengalami hipertensi; subjek dengan obesitas sentral mempunyai risiko 1,73 kali mengalami hipertensi; subjek dengan hiperkolesterolemia mempunyai risiko 2,7 kali mengalami hipertensi dan subjek dengan LDL yang tinggi mempunyai risiko 2,15 kali mengalami hipertensi, sedangkan POR HDL dan trigliserida memperlihatkan tidak merupakan faktor risiko hipertensi. Kesimpulan: Status gizi, Lpi, profil lemak darah tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada masyarakat usia produktif berpenghasilan rendah. Gizi lebih dan obesitas, Lpi, kolesterol dan LDL merupakan faktor risiko kejadian hipertensi sedangkan, triglieserida dan HDL tidak memengaruhi kejadian hipertensi.

scholarly journals Parental risk factors for congenital diaphragmatic hernia – a large German case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicitas Schulz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Nadine Zwink ◽  
Charlotte Bendixen ◽  
Florian Kipfmueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Parental Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Evidence for periconceptional or prenatal environmental risk factors for the development of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is still scarce. Here, in a case-control study we investigated potential environmental risk factors in 199 CDH patients compared to 597 healthy control newborns. Methods The following data was collected: time of conception and birth, maternal BMI, parental risk factors such as smoking, alcohol or drug intake, use of hairspray, contact to animals and parental chronic diseases. CDH patients were born between 2001 and 2019, all healthy control newborns were born in 2011. Patients and control newborns were matched in the ratio of three to one. Results Presence of CDH was significantly associated with maternal periconceptional alcohol intake (odds ratio = 1.639, 95% confidence interval 1.101–2.440, p = 0.015) and maternal periconceptional use of hairspray (odds ratio = 2.072, 95% confidence interval 1.330–3.229, p = 0.001). Conclusion Our study suggests an association between CDH and periconceptional maternal alcohol intake and periconceptional maternal use of hairspray. Besides the identification of novel and confirmation of previously described parental risk factors, our study underlines the multifactorial background of isolated CDH.

Ethnic differences in risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibhor Krishna ◽  
Dong H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Current Smoking

Object Studies on risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) show heterogeneity. For example, hypertension has been found to be a significant risk factor in some studies but not in others. The authors hypothesized that differences in the ethnicity of the populations studied could account for these findings. Methods A metaanalysis was performed using 17 case-control and 10 cohort studies that met specified inclusion criteria. The authors used a random-effect model to calculate the pooled effect estimates for current smoking, hypertension, and alcohol consumption. A meta–regression analysis was performed using the ethnic composition of the study populations as a covariate. Studies were classified as multiethnic or monoethnic, and the pooled effect estimates were compared. Results Analysis of the cohort studies yielded a pooled effect estimate or risk ratio of 3.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37–4.26) for current smoking, 3.05 (95% CI 2.09–4.44) for hypertension, and 2.46 (95% CI 1.42–4.24) for alcohol consumption at a rate of 150 g/week or more. The results were similar for the case-control studies. For current smoking, the ethnic composition of the study population was a statistically significant predictor of heterogeneity among case-control studies (p < 0.001, even after application of the Bonferroni correction). The risk for SAH among current smokers was higher in multiethnic populations (odds ratio 3.832) than in monoethnic populations (odds ratio 2.487). Conclusions The results of this metaanalysis suggest that differences in susceptibility to the harmful health effects of smoking may be one cause of the observed differences in SAH incidence for different ethnic groups. The role of ethnicity in risk factors for SAH should be considered in future studies.

Risk Factors for Measles Vaccine Failure Among Immunized Students

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Harry F. Hull ◽  
Jean M. Montes ◽  
Patricia C. Hays ◽  
Robert L. Lucero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School System ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Control Study

An outbreak of measles occurred in a municipal school system which had reported 98% of students immunized against measles. A case-control study was conducted to determine reasons for vaccine failure Vaccine failure was associated with immunizations that could not be documented in the provider's records. Among children with provider-documented immunization, vaccine failure was associated with vaccination at 12 to 14 months of age with an odds ratio of 4.73. Among children vaccinated at 15 months or older, vaccine failure was not associated with time elapsed since vaccination. Studies should be conducted to determine whether unreliable immunization records are a more widespread problem. Further consideration should be given to routine revaccination of children previously vaccinated at 12 to 14 months of age.

Abstract P292: Cardiovascular Risk Factors in U.S. Men With and Without History of Prostate Cancer: NHANES 1999-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A Hassoon ◽  
Lawrence Appel ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Prostate Cancer Survivors ◽  
History Of

In 2017 161,000 new cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in the U.S. With improved survival from prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease has emerged as competing cause of morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have assessed CVD risk factors among prostate cancer survivors. We analyzed National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999-2014 to assess CVD risk factors, as defined by AHA/ACC, in adult men with and without a history of prostate cancer. A total of 602 men, age 50 years and older, with prostate cancer history and 8,226 men without cancer history were included in the analysis. Among men with prostate cancer history, the mean (SE) age at survey was 72.3(0.4); 41% of the survivors had their diagnoses less than 5 years ago, while 31% survived more than 10 years after diagnosis. Compared to men without cancer, prostate cancer survivors were older (mean age 72 (0.4) vs 62y (0.1)), but with similar education level ( p =0.41). For CVD risk factors, prostate cancer survivors were less likely to be current smokers (6.5% vs 20.3%), but more likely to have hypertension and on anti-hypertensive medication (95.6% vs 88.9%) with age-adjusted prevalence odds ratio of 1.53 ([95% CI, 1.2 - 1.9]; p =0.001) and 1.78 ([95% CI, 1.1 - 2.9]; p =0.024), respectively. There were no differences in lipids profiles between men with and without prostate cancer. In stratified analysis, non-Hispanic blacks’ survivors have almost two times the prevalence of hypertension compared to non-Hispanic blacks free of cancer, with age-adjusted prevalence odds ratio of 1.9 ([95% CI, 1.2 - 2.96]; p=0.005). In conclusion, CVD risk factors were prevalent in prostate cancer survivors. Improving cardiovascular health through lifestyle change and preventive strategies is a public health priority, particularly among non-Hispanic Blacks.

scholarly journals Low Body Mass Index Can Identify Majority of Osteoporotic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Missed by Current Guidelines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Atreja ◽  
Ashish Aggarwal ◽  
Angelo A. Licata ◽  
Bret A. Lashner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Provider Adherence ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Current Guidelines

Background. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Our objective was to determine the usefulness of IBD guidelines in identifying patients at risk for developing osteoporosis.Methods. We utilized institutional repository to identify patients seen in IBD center and extracted data on demographics, disease history, conventional, and nonconventional risk factors for osteoporosis and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) findings.Results. 59% of patients (1004/1703) in our IBD cohort had at least one risk factor for osteoporosis screening. DXA was documented in 263 patients with indication of screening (provider adherence, 26.2%), and of these, 196 patients had DXA completed (“at-risk” group). Ninety-five patients not meeting guidelines-based risk factors also had DXA completed (“not at-risk” group). 139 (70.9%) patients in “at-risk” group had low BMD, while 51 (53.7%) of “not-at-risk” patients had low BMD. Majority of the patients with osteoporosis (83.3%) missed by the current guidelines had low BMI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low BMI was the strongest risk factor for osteoporosis (OR 3.07; 95% CI, 1.47–6.42;P=0.003).Conclusions. Provider adherence to current guidelines is suboptimal. Low BMI can identify majority of the patients with osteoporosis that are missed by current guidelines.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster Infection in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Jiahui Ma ◽  
Zhenxing Li ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Dong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the susceptibility to the infection of herpes zoster (HZ). Less is known about the risk factors of HZ in CKD patients.Methods and Participants: This is a case-control study. CKD patients diagnosed with HZ infection between January 2015 and October 2020 in a tertiary hospital were identified. One age- and gender- matched control was paired for each case, matched to the date of initial HZ diagnose. The uni- and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors for development of HZ in CKD patients.Results: Forty-six HZ patients and controls were identified. In general, about 80% (72 out of 92) patients were classified at end-stage renal disease (ESRD, CKD Ⅳ to Ⅴ). Multivariate analyses revealed that immunosuppressive agents (odds ratio: 12.50, 95% CI: 1.53-102.26, P=0.021) and dialysis (odds ratio: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.13-9.78, P=0.029) were independent risk factors of HZ in patient with CKD. Conclusion: Immunosuppressive medication and dialysis were associated with HZ infection in CKD. Further guideline may highlight the necessity of zoster vaccine for patients with CKD, who undertake immunosuppressive or dialysis treatment.

scholarly journals The cumulative duration of bispectral index less than 40 concurrent with hypotension is associated with 90-day postoperative mortality: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soohyuk Yoon ◽  
Seokha Yoo ◽  
Min Hur ◽  
Sun-Kyung Park ◽  
Hyung-Chul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Bispectral Index ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Anesthetic Depth ◽  
Intraoperative Hypotension ◽  
Cumulative Duration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cumulative Time

Abstract Background The relationship between intraoperative low bispectral index (BIS) values and poor clinical outcomes has been controversial. Intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative complication. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of intraoperative low BIS values and hypotension on postoperative mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 1,862 cases of general anesthesia. We collected the cumulative time of BIS values below 20 and 40 as well as electroencephalographic suppression and documented the incidences in which these states were maintained for at least 5 minutes. Durations of intraoperative mean arterial pressures (MAP) less than 50 mmHg were also recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between suspected risk factors and postoperative mortality. Results Ninety-day mortality and 180-day mortality were 1.5% and 3.2% respectively. The cumulative time in minutes for BIS values falling below 40 coupled with MAP falling below 50 mmHg was associated with 90-day mortality (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.53; P = .019). We found no association between BIS related values and 180-day mortality. Conclusions Delicate adjustment of anesthetic depth is important to avoid excessive brain suppression and hypotension, which could be associated with postoperative mortality.

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study: The Impact of Unintentional Discrepancies and Pharmacist Discharge Prescription Review on 30-Day Hospital Readmission

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272093201
Author(s):  
Ali Elbeddini ◽  
Lucy Yang ◽  
Ahmed Aly
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Readmission Rate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Medication Discrepancies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discharge Prescription ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Medication discrepancies on hospital discharge are common and occur despite the use of technology to generate electronically created discharge (e-discharge) prescriptions, justifying pharmacist involvement. No published studies have focused on medication discrepancies as a risk factor for readmission. The aim was to explore the relationship between medication discrepancies on discharge and readmission rates, and how both are affected by pharmacist intervention. Objectives: The primary objective was to establish the relationship between medication discrepancies on the e-discharge prescription and hospital readmissions within 30 days of discharge. Secondary objectives were to determine the 30-day readmission rate with and without pharmacist involvement, and risk factors for 30-day readmission. Methods: This was a matched case-control study where cases and controls consisted of patients readmitted and not readmitted to hospital within 30 days of discharge from the general medicine service, respectively. Case patients were defined as patients who had been readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge from the general medicine unit. Control patients were defined as patients who had not been readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge. Chi-square statistics was used to analyze the association between the presence of medication discrepancy at discharge and 30-day readmission. Multivariate logistic regression was used to further analyze the associations to determine which risk factors best relate to 30-day readmission. Results: Between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, a total of 401 e-discharge prescriptions were reviewed, and 194 cases were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Similar proportions of patients were readmitted compared with not readmitted regardless of whether discrepancies were identified on the e-discharge prescriptions, and there was no relationship identified between medication discrepancies and readmission within 30 days (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; P = .854). The readmission rate with and without pharmacist involvement was similar between the case group (50%) and control group (48.0%). The proportion of discharge prescriptions with discrepancies was 48.8% in the group that had pharmacist involvement and 47.0% in the group that had no pharmacist involvement. Additionally, a LACE score of 12 or greater was identified as a statistically significant risk factor for readmission (OR = 2.13; P < .001). Conclusions: Pharmacist review of the e-discharge prescription did not affect the readmission rate. A LACE score of 12 or greater was associated with a higher risk of readmission. Future studies are needed to identify patient groups at high risk of readmission and to determine pharmacist interventions that could reduce readmission rates.

scholarly journals Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk Based on Mammary Gland Volume Measured with CT

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. BCBCR.S5248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Kuchiki ◽  
Takaaki Hosoya ◽  
Akira Fukao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the relationship between mammary gland volume (MGV) of the breast as measured with three-dimensional chest computed tomography (CT) and breast cancer risk. Univariate analysis was used to assess the relationship between MGV and known risk factors in 427 healthy women. A case control study (97 cases and 194 controls) was conducted to assess breast cancer risk. MGV was significantly smaller for postmenopausal women than for premenopausal women, and was significantly larger for women with a family history of breast cancer than for women without. MGV, body mass index (BMI), and rate of family history of breast cancer were significantly higher among breast cancer patients than among healthy women, and number of deliveries was significantly lower among breast cancer patients. In postmenopausal women, age at menarche was significantly younger for breast cancer patients. MGV correlated well with breast cancer risk factors. The highest odds ratio was 4.9 for premenopausal women with the largest MGV. Regardless of menopausal status, the greater the MGV, the higher the odds ratio. Our results constitute the first reliable data on the relationship between MGV and breast cancer obtained through exact volume analysis.

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