Notional Synonymy in Ukrainian Syntactic Terminology

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Oksana Vasetska
Keyword(s):  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Nominative Case ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Complex Word ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Two Component ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Genitive Case

The article reveals a section of terminological units of the variology, the analysis is given in specialized dictionaries and reference books in linguistics, i.e. it deals with the status of synonyms and variants in general variance theory, in particular, synonymy is recognised as a semantic variation and traditional variation is declared as a formal expression of a broader category of variability. The common phenomenon of describing a concept by several names is variability. It distinguishes into synonymy and doubling by such criterion as the interchangeability of terms in contexts. The way to avoid the terminological coincidence of terms which describe the general features of the language system and refer the indicator of the formal distinction of identical units by the meaning is proposed. Such group of synonymic terms as notional terms, i.e. analytical terms-synonyms with synonymous subordinative dependent components, are analized. This group is represented by simple two-component analytical terms and complex (three-component) terms-phrases. Components of simple phrases terms are formed in such ways “adjective + noun in the nominative case” and “noun in the nominative case + noun in the genitive case”. The peculiarity of presented terminological rows of complex word-combination is that each subsequent dependent synonymic component reduces the meaning of the previous word-combination. This group includes units formed in such ways “dependent word + simple word-combination”, “dependent word (Adj)” + simple word-combination (main word (noun) + dependent word (noun in the genitive case)” and “the main word + dependent from word-combination word” and the rows of units containing synonymous dependent components as word and a simple complex word-combination.

scholarly journals Conceptual synonymy in syntactic terminology: semantic variations of the term обставина.

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Oksana Vasetska
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Language System ◽  
Semantic Variation ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

The article reveals a section of terminological units of the variology, the analysis is given in specialized dictionaries and reference books in linguistics, i.e. it deals with the status of synonyms and variants in general variance theory, in particular, synonymy is recognised as a semantic variation and traditional variation is declared as a formal expression of a broader category of variability. The common phenomenon of describing a concept by several names is variability. It distinguishes into synonymy and doubling by such criterion as the interchangeability of terms in contexts. The way to avoid the terminological coincidence of terms which describe the general features of the language system and refer the indicator of the formal distinction of identical units by the meaning is proposed. The phenomenon of the conceptual synonymy on the example of such terms as modifier, adjunct, determinant etc. is analysed. This research is based on the following algorithm: 1) to clarify the definition of the terms; 2) to establish the belonging to the scientific school, theories, concepts; 3) to observe the significative differences of the terms; 4) to reveal the syntagmatic characteristics of these units. The classification of the terminological variants is examined. The features of the semantics of syntactical terms with similar meaning are clarified. In conclusion, the author makes an attempt to solve the problem within the undertaken research. Considering the different approaches to the studying phenomenon, the presence of a diffuse denotatum and common signification, the terms modifier, adjunct, determinant etc. are qualified as conceptual synonyms. In addition, the common shades of meaning of terms denote the varieties of modifiers. It correlates with terms that describe the components of semantic and syntactic structure of sentences.

scholarly journals A distinct negative leader propagation mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Scholten ◽  
B. M. Hare ◽  
J. Dwyer ◽  
N. Liu ◽  
C. Sterpka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Telescope ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Propagation Mode ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Lightning Initiation ◽  
The Common

AbstractThe common phenomenon of lightning still harbors many secrets such as what are the conditions for lightning initiation and what is driving the discharge to propagate over several tens of kilometers through the atmosphere forming conducting ionized channels called leaders. Since lightning is an electric discharge phenomenon, there are positively and negatively charged leaders. In this work we report on measurements made with the LOFAR radio telescope, an instrument primarily build for radio-astronomy observations. It is observed that a negative leader rather suddenly changes, for a few milliseconds, into a mode where it radiates 100 times more VHF power than typical negative leaders after which it spawns a large number of more typical negative leaders. This mode occurs during the initial stage, soon after initiation, of all lightning flashes we have mapped (about 25). For some flashes this mode occurs also well after initiation and we show one case where it is triggered twice, some 100 ms apart. We postulate that this is indicative of a small (order of 5 km$$^2$$ 2 ) high charge pocket. Lightning thus appears to be initiated exclusively in the vicinity of such a small but dense charge pocket.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Natural, Stable, Reversible and Colourful Anthocyanidin Network from Sphagnum Moss Based Mainly on the Yellow Trans-Chalcone and Red Flavylium Cation Forms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Helge Berland ◽  
Øyvind M. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Sphagnum Moss ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Colour System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cis And Trans

Anthocyanins with various functions in nature are one of the most important sources of colours in plants. They are based on anthocyanidins or 3-deoxyanthocyanidins having in common a C15-skeleton and are unique in terms of how each anthocyanidin is involved in a network of equilibria between different forms exhibiting their own properties including colour. Sphagnorubin C (1) isolated from the cell wall of peat moss (Sphagnum sp.) was in fairly acidic and neutral dimethyl sulfoxide characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption techniques. At equilibrium, the network of 1 behaved as a two–component colour system involving the reddish flavylium cationic and the yellow trans–chalcone forms. The additional D- and E-rings connected to the common C15-skeleton extend the π-conjugation within the molecule and provide both bathochromic shifts in the absorption spectra of the various forms as well as a low isomerization barrier between the cis- and trans-chalcone forms. The hemiketal and cis-chalcone forms were thus not observed experimentally by NMR due to their short lives. The stable, reversible network of 1 with good colour contrast between its two components has previously not been reported for other natural anthocyanins and might thus have potential in future photochromic systems. This is the first full structural characterization of any naturally occurring anthocyanin chalcone form.

Population abundance of the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in the Haut Niger National Park, Republic of Guinea / Abondance de la population d'hippopotame commun Hippopotamus amphibius dans le Parc National du Haut Niger, République de Guinée

Mammalia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brugière ◽  
Bakary Magassouba ◽  
Amidou Sylla ◽  
Halimou Diallo ◽  
Mamadou Sow
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
The Status ◽  
Grazing Area ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe Republic of Guinea is thought to contain the largest population of common hippopotamus in West Africa. However, no systematic field survey has been carried out recently and the information available is limited to informal observations. To clarify the status of the common hippopotamus in Guinea, we carried out a biannual population survey along the section of the Niger River (the largest river in Guinea) within the Haut Niger National Park. We counted 93 hippopotamuses in 28 groups in the dry season and 77 hippopotamuses in 23 groups in the wet season. Mean group size and number of neonates did not change between the seasons. Hippopotomuses were more numerous along the river sections bordering uncultivated floodplains. This underlines the significance of this habitat (which is used as a grazing area) for conservation of this species. Haut Niger National Park is the most important protected area in Guinea for conservation of the common hippopotamus. Hippopotamus-human and -cattle conflicts in terms of floodplain use in the park's buffer zone should be closely monitored. Floodplain conversion to rice fields represents one of the most important threats to the long-term conservation of hippopotamus populations in Guinea.

The Approach to European Law in Domestic Legislation

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1255-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Leible
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
European Law ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Teleological Interpretation

National legislators approach European law very differently. The reason for these differences lies partly in the historical development of their individual legal cultures. If one pursues a broad interpretation of the term ‘legal culture’ one takes especially into account the style of law and the attitude toward it. Thus legal culture can be defined as the Continental civil law countries’ ideal of a “concise, but comprehensive codification by which the judge can derive solutions for all possible cases through teleological interpretation;” whereas the common law rather limits this concept to “special laws which are interpreted very narrowly by the courts and accordingly are designed by the legislator to the last detail”. Furthermore, one could include the status of a judge, the nature of legal discourse, or the training of legal professionals, as well as the respect accorded to the law by the population when defining the concept of ‘legal culture'.

scholarly journals Initial Survey of Pesticide Residues in Baby’s food and The Exceedances of Maximum Residual Limit (MRLs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Babalola ◽  
Ajoke Raji
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
By Products ◽  
Storage Pest ◽  
Food Produce ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Remnant or by-products of pesticides arising from the field or storage pest applications sometimes find their ways into the final food produce. They are called pesticide residues. Studies have shown the occurrence of these residues in various food produce including tea, fruits, vegetables, beverages and even baby and infants food. With about 800 pesticides permitted for use globally, residue becomes almost inevitable. For the infants, and young children, the health effects at that critical developmental phase could be severe and irreversible. This is because quantitative and qualitative differences in pesticides absorption, metabolism, detoxification and excretion relative to adults, make the children more susceptible due to much higher kg per body weight. This study assessed the pesticide residues in the common baby food and compared with international maximum residual limits. Using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, five infant and baby’s food tagged A, B, C, D and E were analyzed. In all, multiple residues involving various twenty five pesticides were detected in the five food products. Fifteen of the pesticides including resmethrin (0.0002 µg/g), chlorpyrifos (0.0002 µg/g), allethrin (0.0004 µg/g), piperonyl butoxil (0.0003 µg/g), cyfluthrin (0.0001 µg/g), chlorpyrifos methyl (0.0002 µg/g), diclorovos (0.0001 µg/g), fluridane (0.0002 µg/g), fludioxonil (0.0002 µg/g and 0.0001 µg/g), lindane (0.0002 µg/g), daminozide (0.0002 µg/g), methy paraoxon (0.0001 µg/g) and DDE.p.p (0.0002 µg/g and 0.0001 µg/g) were above the WHO and USEPA maximum residual limits. The potential interaction of different mixtures for those pesticides that are below international residual limits as well as the occurrence of those at concentrations above these standards called for serious concerns, giving their critical effects on nervous, endocrine and immune systems. Further studies must be encouraged to determine the status of residue in other foods and the elimination of these residues, particularly in the infants and baby’s food.

scholarly journals Geopolityczny status Królestwa Danii – mit państwa unitarnego

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Tomasz Brańka
Keyword(s):  
Financial Aid ◽  
Faroe Islands ◽  
Common Values ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Overseas Territories ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Green Land

Pursuant to the Constitution of 1953, the Kingdom of Denmark is a unitary state. How- ever, the status of the Faroe Islands and Greenland actually defies the uniform character of this state. In its broader aspect, this situation undermines the widespread myth of Nordic unity. The official standpoint, explaining the Danish policy of aiding the Faroe Islands and Green- land, points to the long-standing tradition that links Denmark with her overseas territories and the common values that bind them. The Danish responsibility for the development of these territories is also emphasized and financial aid is treated as an expression of the solidarity pol- icy. The paper analyzes the benefits and costs related to maintaining the insular possessions of Denmark.

scholarly journals The Concept of “New Life” as a Powerful Psycholinguistic Element in the Inaugural Addresses of the U.S. Presidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Maria Shutova ◽  
Svitlana Mudrynych
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Inaugural Addresses ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
The Common ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
Ethnocultural Community ◽  
The U.S

The article deals with the concept of “new life” in the inaugural addresses of the U.S. presidents. A political language, as a reflection of people’s behavior in a certain ethnocultural community, is under the consideration. The investigation of political language caused the special approach to the analysis of lexical units that comprise the semantic group “novelty”. Based on this analysis a group of words that have the common sema “new” was singled out. The means of expressions and stylistic devices that presidents used to express the idea of “new life” were determined. The presidents make people believe in their ability to take new actions and change the situation, lead the nation to new, better life. Adjective “new” is often used by the presidents in context of the necessity to revitalize old values, to renew the nation spiritually. Analysis of inaugural address of American presidents showed that ideas of “new life” run through the entire speech of every president. In this article the role of the idea of “new life” in inaugural addresses of American presidents and means of its conveying has been studied. Model of a “new life” can be rather complex, needs more or less strong argumentation. The very word-combination the “better life” predetermines that this life should be different from the existing one, i.e. new. Thus concept of “new life” plays important role in political discourse. Consequently, our research may be understood not only as belonging to a narrow sphere of analysis of political discourse but to wider branch of science – linguistic political science.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Students’ Indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Amina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Law Faculty ◽  
The Status ◽  
School Rules ◽  
The Common ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Year

The study explored the common students’ indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda. The study was quantitative and a cross-sectional survey design was used. The population of the study was 3,486 registered students in the academic year 2019/2020. They were selected from the Faculty of Education, Faculty of Management Studies, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences, and Faculty of Science. A sample of 265 respondents was selected for the study using proportionate and random sampling. The mean score was computed to analyse the data. To conclude, the point range of the arithmetic mean was considered. The study found that the common indiscipline among learners in IUIU included disrespect to teachers and school rules and regulations, theft, and irregular attendance. The study recommended IUIU administration improves staff remuneration to change the status of the teachers. Furthermore, the administration needs to tighten security in the university and residents need to take care of their property to avoid theft. The researcher also recommended that a study should be carried out to find out the cause of students’ irregular attendance

scholarly journals Kategori Leksikal Idiom dalam Bahasa Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Sulistianah Sulistianah
Keyword(s):  
Word Class ◽  
Action Verb ◽  
Complex Word ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Idiomatic Expression ◽  
Category Word ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research aimed to describe lexical category (word class) and meaning of idiom in Lampung language. Descriptive qualitative was used in this research. The findings showed that idiom in Lampung language could be in form of complex word, word combination, and idiomatic expression. There were two idioms in complex word namely penghenguk and pedatong . Idiom in form of word combination could be a combination of noun+noun, noun+adjective, noun+verb, verb+adjective and verb+verb. The conclusion of the research based on verb semantic attitude that was used in form of words combination like state verb and action verb Keywords: Lexical, idiom, Lampung language.

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