scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine demand, hesitancy, and nationalism: a case of protection motivation behavior in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1388-1395
Author(s):  
Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Afnan Hossain ◽  
Abu Sufian ◽  
Nahida Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Protection Motivation ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Specific Health

Introduction: Immunization, as a process of fighting against the COVID-19, has gained important research appeal, but very limited endeavor has been paid for vaccine behavioral studies in underdeveloped and developing countries. This study explores the vaccine demand, hesitancy, and nationalism as well as vaccine acceptance and domestic vaccine preference among young adults in Bangladesh. Methodology: This quantitative study followed the snowball sampling technique and collected responses from 1,018 individuals from various social media platforms. The analysis covered both descriptive and inferential statistics including chi-square, F-statistic, and logistic regression. Results: The findings of the fully-adjusted regression model suggest that the individuals who had more vaccine demand were 3.29 times (95% confidence interval = 2.39-4.54; p < 0.001) higher to accept vaccine compared to those who had no vaccine demand. Conversely, vaccine hesitancy was negatively associated with vaccine acceptance. Here, the odds ratio was found 0.70 (95% confidence interval = 0.62-0.80; p < 0.001), which means that those who had higher vaccine hesitancy were about 30% less likely to accept vaccines than those who had no hesitancy. In addition, the persons who had vaccine nationalism were 1.75 times (95% confidence interval = 1.62-1.88; p < 0.001) more prone to prefer domestic vaccine. Conclusions: This study suggests that policymakers may take initiatives for making people aware and knowledgeable about the severity and vulnerability to specific health threats. In this concern, perception and efficacy-increasing programs may take part in increasing protection motivation behaviors like vaccine acceptance and (domestic) vaccine preference.

scholarly journals Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Ghana

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Sumani Abdul-Manan ◽  
Alhassan Iddrisu Abdullai ◽  
Buhari Gunu Yussif
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Background: A proven strategy for saving lives from vaccine-preventable diseases is the timely vaccination of the people. In Ghana, there is considerable hesitation about the Covid-19 vaccines due to anxieties and uncertainties about their safety. With varying perceptions and believes being developed about Covid-19 vaccines, there is a likely negative effect on vaccine acceptance or otherwise. This study aims to ascertain the levels of acceptance of potential Covid-19 vaccine among Ghanaian adults, to identify predictors of vaccine acceptance or hesitance. Methodology: A web based cross-sectional survey conducted among Ghanaians above 18 years, conducted between the month of February and March, 2021. Data were collected by administering online google forms (Questionnaire). The questionnaire was shared through social media platforms. A snowball sampling technique was used where researchers shared google forms to close friends and family. Analyses were conducted at p-value <0.05 using descriptive statistics, cross-tabula­tions and logistic regression. Results: A total of 350 responses were achieved by end of data collection. Out of these, only 348 were considered for analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Majority of the respondents (65.2%) were male, a third (30%) of them live in rural areas and about 57.5% were married. Factors such as age, educational level, prior vaccine acceptance history, personal vulnerability and self-feeling of health were significantly associated with covid-19 vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: The results depict low acceptance rate for potential covid-19 vaccine among Ghanaians. Government and MoH should engage the media on its role in combating misinformation with regards the Covid-19 vaccine. Key words: coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), vaccine, hesitance, acceptance.

scholarly journals Low COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Is Correlated with Conspiracy Beliefs among University Students in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2407
Author(s):  
Malik Sallam ◽  
Deema Dababseh ◽  
Huda Eid ◽  
Hanan Hasan ◽  
Duaa Taim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
A Chain

Vaccination to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a promising measure to overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic. Since university students could be considered a knowledgeable group, this study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among this group in Jordan. Additionally, we aimed to examine the association between vaccine conspiracy beliefs and vaccine hesitancy. We used an online survey conducted in January 2021 with a chain-referral sampling approach. Conspiracy beliefs were evaluated using the validated Vaccine Conspiracy Belief Scale (VCBS), with higher scores implying embrace of conspiracies. A total of 1106 respondents completed the survey with female predominance (n = 802, 72.5%). The intention to get COVID-19 vaccines was low: 34.9% (yes) compared to 39.6% (no) and 25.5% (maybe). Higher rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were seen among males (42.1%) and students at Health Schools (43.5%). A Low rate of influenza vaccine acceptance was seen as well (28.8%), in addition to 18.6% of respondents being anti-vaccination altogether. A significantly higher VCBS score was correlated with reluctance to get the vaccine (p < 0.001). Dependence on social media platforms was significantly associated with lower intention to get COVID-19 vaccines (19.8%) compared to dependence on medical doctors, scientists, and scientific journals (47.2%, p < 0.001). The results of this study showed the high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its association with conspiracy beliefs among university students in Jordan. The implementation of targeted actions to increase the awareness of such a group is highly recommended. This includes educational programs to dismantle vaccine conspiracy beliefs and awareness campaigns to build recognition of the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan ◽  
Hamid Alam ◽  
Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Exam Preparation ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test

The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction.

scholarly journals A Study of Stimulating Factors in Self-Motivated Professional Development among Teachers at University Level

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Fauzia Mushtaq ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad Baig ◽  
Namra Munir
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
University Level

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors which stimulate university teachers towards self-motivated professional development at university level. It was a descriptive study based on survey design; a mixed methods design was selected to collect the data through mixed method techniques. 200 questionnaires were distributed with the help of the snowball sampling technique, which helped in reaching 57 teachers for interview. Thematic Analysis, Descriptive Statistics and Chi- Square Test were applied to data. The result shows the intrinsic factors of stimulation were self-thrust towards excellence, respect, acknowledgment and inner satisfaction. On the contrary, extrinsic factors were a good salary package, promotion, better social and professional status and ability to cope with the advanced educational requirements. The study recommends that action through teachers’ consideration, reflection and shared vision may include extrinsic and intrinsic factors of motivation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bank Products Appeal across Demographic Consideration: A Comparative Study of Nigeria and South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Binuyo Binuyo ◽  
Aregbeshola . ◽  
Rafiu Adewale .
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Good Number ◽  
Snowball Sampling Technique

Influence of demographic variables on banking has continued to attract the interest of researchers over the years with a good number focussing on impact of demographic variables on choice of banks by customers. This study however differs from previous studies in that its focus is on the evaluation of bank products appeal across demographic variables in South Africa and Nigeria. This descriptive study made use of primary data collected by administering validated and pre-tested questionnaires to 3,684 bank customers within selected strategic locations across Nigeria and South Africa using the snowball sampling technique. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data generated. High Chi-Square statistics (corroborated with cross – tabulation and correlation analyses) coupled with very low probability values indicate highly significant associations between demographic variables and the dependent variables. The study recommends customer-centric approach on the part of banks to be able to provide customers with effective and unique value offers for various customer segments. Also, policy intervention is required to promote infrastructural upgrade for better product and service delivery. A more inclusive regulatory framework is required to draw more of the unbanked self – employed populace in the interest of boosting the economic performance of both countries.

Communication Strategies to Combat COVID-19 Vaccines Hesitancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Destaw Bayable Yemer ◽  
Minwuyelet Andualem Desta ◽  
Melaku Bayu Workie
Keyword(s):  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Social Media Platforms

COVID-19 infectious disease resulted in a pandemic that has threatened millions of people in the world. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and it has created a global health crisis. Hence, the present study aimed at assessing communication strategies used by Ethiopian Public Health Institute and Ministry of Health to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, make analysis of vaccination messages, and hybrid media messages to label best practices of communication techniques to address vaccine hesitancy. To attain this objective, a qualitative research method was employed to analyze messages that were disseminated with the hybrid national and regional media and social media platforms. MOH and EPHI disseminated messages; ministers, prominent people, opinion leaders and activists’ speeches used as subjects of the study. COVID-19 vaccination messages were selected through purposive sampling method. The contents of messages regarding health communication were analyzed. The finding showed that building COVID-19 vaccine acceptance through effective communication is important to stop the spread of the virus. The participatory and presumptive style communications are the possible method to promote COVID-19 vaccination before it reaches on refusal stage. Moreover, the results revealed that communication strategies contributed to vaccine advocacy and vaccination campaign to improve vaccine acceptance. MOH and EPHI used the hybrid media to mold the unscientific information and the misinformation of the vaccine. In sum, using effective communication strategies is very important to create awareness about COVID-19 vaccines, and avoid vaccine hesitation to strength the public vaccines acceptability.

PREVALENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND DISCOMFORT DUE TO ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING METHODS DURING LOCKDOWN IN STUDENTS AND TEACHERS: OUTCOMES OF THE NEW NORMAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150020
Author(s):  
Alka Pawalia ◽  
Shabnam Joshi ◽  
Preeti ◽  
Vikram Singh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problem ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Purpose: The sudden lockdown due to COVID-19 in India led to closure of schools and colleges. This resulted in an increased usage of online mode of study, with a more sedentary lifestyle. The survey study aimed to analyze the prevalence of any musculoskeletal problem in students and teachers due to the same. Methodology: A Google Form was distributed by a snowball sampling technique using various social media platforms. A total of 715 responses were received. Results: Maximum respondents were in the age range of 18–25 years. Eighty eight percent of participants in the survey were involved in the online mode of education, with 60.8% experiencing some form of musculoskeletal pain or discomfort; 71% of people believed that the cause of pain was online working. Neck pain (51.3%) followed by low back pain (33.4%) and headaches (29.8%) were commonly reported. University teachers reported maximum pain followed by university students, school teachers and school students. Of all the respondents, 60.8% people admitted to adopting awkward postures while at work, whereas only 27.6% of them exercised to relieve pain and discomfort. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to develop appropriate intervention strategies for people involved in sedentary online work to prevent the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain and discomfort. Physical therapy can play a major role in managing this lifestyle hazard.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Covid-19 Associated Symptoms, Their Onset and Duration, and Variations Among Different Groups of Patients in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Tanzilul Amin ◽  
Mahmud Hasan ◽  
N. M. Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, onset, and duration of COVID-19 associated symptoms, hospitalization, and recovery time from the infection in Bangladesh.Methods: A retrospective study was designed adopting the snowball sampling technique (n = 439). The association of gender, age, and comorbidity on COVID-19 associated complications was determined using chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis (p &lt; 0.05).Result: Fever, exhaustion, cough, loss of taste, sore throat, body ache, and hair-loss were prevalent among more than 50% of the participants and developed within fourth days in above 90% of the patients. Shortness of breath was significantly higher in males (χ2 = 5.671; OR 1.641). Significant comorbidity association on the shortness of breath (χ2 = 40.119; OR 2.564), vomiting (χ2 = 4.422; OR 1.018), and loss of speech (χ2 = 17.299; OR 3.430) was observed. Patients (&gt;40 years) exerted higher association in shortness of breath (χ2 = 24.083; OR 2.901). Age and comorbidity were significantly associated with COVID-19 associated hospitalization (χ2 = 16.890 and χ2 = 23.638, respectively) and recovery time (χ2 = 12.870 and χ2 = 26.924, respectively).Conclusion: The study suggests that the hospitalization rate increased for older (&gt;40 years) and comorbid patients. Comorbid patients demonstrated higher susceptibility to have shortness of breath, vomiting, loss of speech, and confusion, whereas male patients showed significant increase in the prevalence of sore throat, loss of smell, and vomiting compared to female patients.

scholarly journals Stress among Resident Doctors Working in Different Hospitals of Nepal in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (238) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauri Adhikari ◽  
Leela Poudel ◽  
Bidushi Pokhrel ◽  
Ganesh Bhandari ◽  
Kshitij Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Introduction: The emergence and propagation of COVID-19 pandemic has subjected resident doctors to greater workload and consequent psychological implications. Many studies have illustrated various degrees of mental health issues among health care workers in general; however very limited ones have focused primarily on the resident doctors. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of stress among the resident doctors of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in all the teaching hospitals of Nepal with ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number-245). An online self-designed structured questionnaire developed using Google forms along with questions from stress subscale of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 was disseminated to the residents via social media platforms using Convenience sampling technique. Responses generated were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of stress among resident doctors was found to be 16 (8.2%) (4.3-12.1 at 95% Confidence Interval). Greater prevalence of stress was seen among residents working outside Kathmandu valley, those in the frontline and those who were unmarried. Loss of collaborative study/ professional and academic growth experiences was responsible for causing extremely severe stress among 60 (30.9%) residents, followed by stress due to uncertainty regarding COVID-19 58 (29.9%) and unavailability/lack of quality control of personal protective equipment 58 (29.9%). Conclusions: This study has shed light upon the prevalence of stress and its precipitating factors in Nepalese resident doctors due to COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings could help address these issues for their mitigation promptly.

scholarly journals Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Saudi Arabia: a web-based national survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijaya Kumar Padhi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Mohaithef
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Future ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractBackgroundVaccine hesitancy is a potential threat to global public health. Since, there is an unprecedented global effort to develop a vaccine against the COVID-19 pandemic, much less is known about its acceptance in the community. Understanding key determinants that influence the preferences and demands of a future vaccine by the community may help to develop strategies for improving the global vaccination program. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine, and their determinants among people in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling strategy under a highly restricted environment. A bilingual, self-administered anonymous questionnaire was designed and sent to 1000 study participants through social media platforms and email. Study participants were recruited across the country, including the four major cities (Riyadh, Dammam, Jeddah, and Abha) in Saudi Arabia. Associations between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and sociodemographic profile of the respondents were explored using the chi-squared test. Key determinants that predict vaccine acceptance among respondents were modelled using logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the 1000 survey invitees, 992 responded to the survey (response rate, 99.2%). The majority (65.8%) of the study participants were female, 29.53% were in the age group (36–45 years), and 17.9% were non-Saudi. Of the 992 respondents, 642 (64.72%) showed interest to accept the COVID-19 vaccine if it is available. Willingness to accept the future COVID-19 vaccine is relatively high among older age groups (79.2% among 45+ year old), being married (69.3%), participants with education level postgraduate degree or higher (68.8%), non-Saudi (69.1%), employed in government sector (68.9%). In multivariate model, respondents who were above 45 years (aOR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.08-3.21), and married (aOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.28-2.50) were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance (p <.05). Besides, people having trust in the health system were most likely to accept the vaccine (aOR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.13-4.92), and those having a higher perceived risk of acquiring infection were 2.13 times (95% CI: 1.35-3.85) higher odds of accepting the vaccine.ConclusionAddressing sociodemographic determinants relating to the COVID-19 vaccination may help to increase uptake of the global vaccination program to tackle future pandemics. Targeted health education interventions are needed to increase the uptake of the future COVID-19 vaccine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document