Effects of Inclusion of Fermented Carrageenan By-products in the Basal Diet of Broiler Chickens on Growth Performance, Blood Profiles and Meat Composition

This study was aimed to determine the effects of protease supplementation in diets with agricultural-livestock by products on the growth performance in broiler chickens. The commercial protease used in current study was produced by Bacillus licheniformis which based on keratinase. The treatment diets were a control basal diet without agricultural-livestock by-products and protease supplementation (P1); P1 + 0.05% protease; basal diet with meat bone meal (MBM) and distiller’s dried grain with soluble (DDGS) suppementation (P3); P3 + 0.05% protease (P4); basal diet with hydrolized chicken feather meal (HCFM) and DDGS supplementation (P5); P5 + 0.05% protease. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Complete Randomized Design, and analyzed subsequently by Orthogonal Contrats Test. Results showed that protease supplementation in the diets containing agricultural-livestock by-products did not affect growth performance of broiler chickens in starter phase and overall age phase. However, in diets containing MBM, protease supplementation reduced the nett gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in finisher phase (P<0.05). In diets containing HCFM, protease supplementation increased nett gain and FCR (P<0.05), compared to those of containing MBM. It could be concluded that qualified HCFM, MBM, and DDGS can be used as alternatives for protein-energy source feed stuffs in starter phase, as they did not reduce growth performance of broiler chickens. Protease used in this study might be more effective in diets containing HCFM than those of containing MBM and DDGS.Keywords: Agricultural-livestock by-products, Broilers chickens, Growth performance, Protease.

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Effects of Clostridium butyricum- and Bacillus spp.-Based Potential Probiotics on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Responses, and Caecal Microbiota in Broilers

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10060624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 624

Author(s):

Xinfu Zeng ◽

Qing Li ◽

Caimei Yang ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Zixian Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Clostridium Butyricum ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Body Weights ◽

Bacillus Spp

We aimed to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum-, Bacillus subtilis-, and Bacillus licheniformis-based potential probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses, and caecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial structure in broiler chickens. Three treatment groups containing a total of 1200 one-day-old AA broilers were included: birds fed with a basal diet only (Con), birds fed with added 1010 probiotics cfu/kg (ProL), and birds fed with added 1011 probiotics cfu/kg (ProH). The dietary probiotics significantly improved the final and average body weights and serum immunoglobulins A, M, and Y. The probiotics also enhanced the ileal morphology and improved the caecal acetate, butyrate, and propionate contents. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that dietary compound probiotics modulated the caecal microflora composition as follows: (1) all birds shared 2794 observed taxonomic units; (2) treatment groups were well separated in the PCA and PCoA analysis; (3) the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Barnesiella, Odoribacter, [Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group], [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, and Butyricimonas significantly varied between treatments. The compound probiotics improved the growth performance, serum immune responses, the ratio of ileal villus height to crypt depth, and major caecal SCFAs in broiler chickens. The dietary C. butyricum-, B. subtilis-, and B. licheniformis-based probiotics improved overall broiler health and would benefit the poultry industry.

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Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Lipid-Related Transcript Expression and the Economics of Broiler Chickens Fed Different Levels of Rutin

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9010007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fardos Hassan ◽

Elshimaa Roushdy ◽

Asmaa Kishawy ◽

Asmaa Zaglool ◽

Hammed Tukur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

High Concentration ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

The effects of rutin on growth performance, hematological and biochemical profiles, antioxidant capacity, economics and the relative expression of selected antioxidants and lipid-related genes were studied in broiler chickens over 42 days. A total of 200 one-day-old female Ross-308 broiler chickens were distributed into four groups, with five replicates of 10 individuals per replicate. They were fed with 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5 or 1 g rutin/kg supplementation in their basal diet. Dietary rutin supplementation, especially the 1 g/kg diet, increased body weight gain, the protein efficiency ratio (p < 0.001) and both white blood cell and lymphocyte counts (p < 0.001). However, it had no effect on total protein, albumin, globulin, or alanine transaminase. A high concentration of rutin (0.5 and 1 g/kg) also significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.001), as well as malondialdehyde concentrations (p = 0.001). A high concentration diet also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Of the lipid-related genes examined, acetyl CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase were significantly down-regulated in the livers of rutin-fed individuals, whereas carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha were significantly up-regulated. Therefore, rutin supplementation at 1 g/kg has the potential to improve the productive performance and health status of broiler chickens.

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Dietary Enteromorpha Polysaccharide Enhances Intestinal Immune Response, Integrity, and Caecal Microbial Activity of Broiler Chickens

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.783819 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Teketay Wassie ◽

Zhuang Lu ◽

Xinyi Duan ◽

Chunyan Xie ◽

Kefyalew Gebeyew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Marine Algae ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

Villus Height ◽

Crypt Depth ◽

Caecal Microbiota

Marine algae polysaccharides have been shown to regulate various biological activities, such as immune modulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic. However, litter is known about the interaction of these polysaccharides with the gut microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of marine algae Enteromorpha (Ulva) prolifera polysaccharide (EP) supplementation on growth performance, immune response, and caecal microbiota of broiler chickens. A total of 200 1-day-old Ross-308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into two treatment groups with ten replications of ten chickens in each replication. The dietary treatments consisted of the control group (fed basal diet), and EP group (received diet supplemented with 400 mg EP/kg diet). Results showed that chickens fed EP exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weight and average daily gain than the chicken-fed basal diet. In addition, significantly longer villus height, shorter crypt depth, and higher villus height to crypt depth ratio were observed in the jejunal and ileal tissues of chickens fed EP. EP supplementation upregulated the mRNA expression of NF-κB, TLR4, MyD88, IL-2, IFN-α, and IL-1β in the ileal and jejunal tissues (P < 0.05). Besides, we observed significantly higher (P < 0.05) short-chain volatile fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in the caecal contents of the EP group than in the control group. Furthermore, 16S-rRNA analysis revealed that EP supplementation altered gut microbiota and caused an abundance shift at the phylum and genus level in broiler chicken. Interestingly, we observed an association between microbiota and SCFAs production. Overall, this study demonstrated that supplementation of diet with EP promotes growth performance, improves intestinal immune response and integrity, and modulates the caecal microbiota of broiler chickens. This study highlighted the application of marine algae polysaccharides as an antibiotic alternative for chickens. Furthermore, it provides insight to develop marine algae polysaccharide-based functional food and therapeutic agent.

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The Effect of Replacing Dried Meal Worm with Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

10.21203/rs.3.rs-782326/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Navid Naderi Boroojerdi ◽

Mostafa Rajabzadeh

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract An experiment was conducted on 240 one-day old male (Ross308) chicken to the effect of substitution of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) with soybean meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics broiler chicks. Chicks fed in a completely randomized design with 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage). Five dietary treatments used: 1- Control treatment: Basal diet based on corn-soybean meal without adding dried mealworm, 2- Replacement of 5% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 3- Replacement of 10% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 4- Replacement of 15% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet and 5- Replacement of 20% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet. The results of the experiment showed that 3rd and 4th treatments with a substitution of 10 and 15 percent showed a higher mean weight gain and a daily gain, but their feed intake was lower comparing other treatments, and finally, the feed conversion ratio showed a significant decrease with respect to control treatment using these replacement levels. At 21 and 42 days of age, carcass yield and relative weight of the breasts showed significant increases in treatments 3 and 4, and other characteristics of chicken carcasses were not affected by the test treatments. The experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with 10% and 15% worm powder significantly improved the performance of broiler chickens, but no significant difference was found between the two levels.

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Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Immune, and Serum Biochemical Response in Broiler Chickens

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10111427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1427

Author(s):

Marhaba Ahmat ◽

Junhao Cheng ◽

Zaheer Abbas ◽

Qiang Cheng ◽

Zhen Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Vegetative Cells ◽

Serum Biochemical

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on the growth performance, carcass traits, immune response, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 396 1 day old, mixed-sex commercial Ross 308 broilers with similar body weights were allotted into six treatment groups. The assigned groups were the CON group (basal diet with no supplement), AB (antibiotics) group (basal diet + 150 mg of aureomycin/kg), C+M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 powder with vegetative cells + metabolites), C group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 vegetative cell powder with removed metabolites), M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 metabolite powder with removed vegetative cells), and CICC group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CICC 20179). Results indicated that chickens in the C+M, C, and M groups had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.02) compared to the CON group. The C+M group showed the lowest abdominal fat rate compared to those in the CON, AB, and CICC groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, serum IgA and IgG levels in the C+M, C, and M groups significantly increased while declining in the AB group (p < 0.05). B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 supplementation significantly reduced the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels, while increasing the serum glucose and total protein (p < 0.05). In conclusion, B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 significantly improved the growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, and blood chemical indices of broiler chickens and may be used as an efficient broiler feed supplement.

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Effects of Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora and Immune Function of Broilers

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.997.178 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 997 ◽

pp. 178-184

Author(s):

Hong Ling Wang ◽

Yu Hong Yang ◽

Jia Qing Wang ◽

Zhuo Wang ◽

Shuang Ma

Keyword(s):

Immune Function ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Intestinal Microflora ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

Anti Body

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of compound probiotics on broiler performance, intestinal microflora, immune function and serum biochemical indicators. Four hundred one-d-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 25 chickens per replication. The chickens in groupI(control group) were fed a basal diet, experimental groups II, III and IVwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% compound probiotics. The results of this work were as follows: (1) during the experimental period, compared with control group, the average daily in group III was significantly increased (P<0.05), the feed/gain and average daily feed intake were significantly lower (P<0.05); (2) at the age of 14 and 28 days, the number of cecal Lactic acid in group II and III were significantly higher than the control (P<0.05) and the content of E.coli has the opposite results. (3) the anti-body titer in group III was the highest, and significantly higher compared to the control (P<0.05), but there were no significantly differences between group IV and control group (P>0.05). (4) serum biochemical indexes of broilers in group III and IVwere significantly increased than that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of 0.2% compound probiotics could promote the growth performance, improve the cecal mico-ecosystem, enhance the anti-body titer and biochemical indexes in serum.

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Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and selected fecal microbiota are improved by β-glucan supplementation in weaner pigs

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2018-0024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 769-779

Author(s):

Xin Jian Lei ◽

Hyeok Min Yun ◽

Yi Yang ◽

In Ho Kim

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Negative Control ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Weaner Pigs ◽

Blood Profiles

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary β-glucan supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and fecal characteristics in weaner pigs. A total of 140 weaner pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average body weight of 6.37±1.14 kg were allotted to one of the following dietary treatments: 1) negative control (NC, basal diet); 2) positive control (PC, basal diet supplemented with 39 ppm Tiamulin); 3) basal diet supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan (G1); 4) basal diet supplemented with 0.2% β-glucan (G2). During days 22 to 42 and 1 to 42, pigs offered PC and G2 diets grew faster than those offered NC diet (P<0.05). Additionally, during the same periods, pigs fed G2 and PC diets exhibited improved gain:feed ratio compared to pigs receiving NC and G1 diets (P<0.05). Pigs fed G2 diet exhibited higher coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter than those fed NC diet (P<0.05). There were no differences on blood profiles, fecal scores, fecal moisture, and fecal pH (P>0.05). Fecal lactic acid bacteria counts in G2 treatment were higher compared with PC and NC treatments (P<0.05). Coliform bacteria concentrations were decreased in pigs fed PC and G2 diets compared with those fed NC diet (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that dietary supplementation of 0.2% β-glucan can improve growth performance and dry matter digestibility, increase fecal lactic acid bacteria concentration but decrease fecal coliform bacteria concentration in weaner pigs.

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Effects of nucleotide supplementation to corn–soybean meal-based diet on growth performance, fecal microflora, and blood profiles of sows and performance of suckling piglets

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1139/cjas-2018-0222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 754-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Jiao ◽

S.D. Upadhaya ◽

I.H. Kim

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Fecal Microflora ◽

Suckling Piglets ◽

And Performance ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

Piglet Survival ◽

Blood Profiles

A total of 45 sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) and their litters were used in this study to evaluate the efficacy of nucleotide supplementation on reproductive performance, growth performance, fecal microflora, and blood profiles in sows and piglets. Sows were allocated to one of three treatments (15 pigs per treatment and the average parity was 4.13). Dietary treatments consisted of (1) CON: basal diet, (2) T1: CON + 0.5% nucleotides, and (3) T2: CON + 1.0% nucleotides. In this study, the average daily feed intake during lactation and back fat at weaning day was increased linearly (P < 0.05) in sows with the increase in nucleotide supplementation levels. Sows receiving increasing levels of nucleotides had linearly increased fecal Lactobacillus counts and decreased Escherichia coli counts at weaning day (P < 0.05). Linear reduction of the epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in sows was observed at weaning day, whereas superoxide dismutase was increased linearly (P < 0.05). Body weight and average daily gain in piglets were linearly (P < 0.05) increased with the increasing levels of nucleotides. Linear increase (P < 0.05) was also observed on total piglets born, live piglets, and piglet survival. The current study demonstrated the importance of nucleotides in the diets of sows to improve sow and piglet performance.

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Effects of xylo-oligosaccharide and flavomycin on the immune function of broiler chickens

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4435 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4435 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lin Yuan ◽

Wanli Li ◽

Qianqian Huo ◽

Chenhong Du ◽

Zhixiang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Function ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Test Group ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Toll Like Receptor 5 ◽

Daily Gain

This study investigated the effects of xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) and flavomycin (FLA) on the performance and immune function of broiler chickens. A total of 150 ArborAcres broilers were randomly divided into three groups and fed for six weeks from one day of age in cascade cages. The diets of each test group were (1) a basal diet, (2) the basal diet supplemented with 2 mg/kg FLA, and (3) the basal diet supplemented with 2 mg/kg XOS. At 21 and 42 days, the growth performance index values and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in the cecum were quantified. Furthermore, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and plasma interleukin 2 (IL-2) as well as mRNA expression of LPS-Induced TNF-alpha Factor (LITAF), Toll-like receptor-5 (TLR5) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) in the jejunum were quantified. The results showed that administration of XOS or FLA to chickens significantly improved the average daily gain. Supplementation with XOS increased acetate and butyrate in the cecum, while FLA supplementation increased propionate in the cecum. An increase in plasma IgG was observed in XOS-fed 21-day-old broilers, but FLA supplementation decreased IgG in the plasma of 42-day-old broilers and increased plasma IL-2. Furthermore, FLA or XOS supplementation downregulated mRNA expression of IFNγ, LITAF and TLR5. The above data suggest that addition of XOS and FLA to the diet could improve the growth performance of broilers and reduce the expression of cytokine genes by stimulating SCFA.

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