Optical Measurement Technologies and Systems for Industrial Applications

2005 ◽  
Vol 295-296 ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Yuri V. Chuguy
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Industrial Testing ◽  
Shadow Systems ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Inspection Tasks ◽  
Fuel Elements

Ensuring the safety of nuclear reactors and their high exploitation reliability requires a 100 % noncontact precise inspection of geometrical parameters of their fuel elements, grid spacers and quality of fuel element surface. For the solution of these 3D inspection tasks we have developed and produced a laser measuring machine (LMM) using multipoint structured illumination, optoelectronic shadow systems as Control and optical low-coherent profilometer as Radar. The results of their industrial testing are presented and discussed.

Springback Evaluation of Parts Made by Single-Point Incremental Sheet Forming

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Bosetti ◽  
Stefania Bruschi
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Incremental Forming ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Part Geometry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Measuring Machine

One of the major drawbacks of single-point incremental forming process for sheet metal (SPIF) consists in the poor geometrical accuracy of formed parts. This limits the use of SPIF technology and has pushed the development of alternative incremental processes—such as the two-points incremental forming—aimed at improving the forming accuracy. However, these processes require the use of supporting dies and they therefore reduce the competitive advantage of SPIF process. The possibility to compensate for part springback, in order to have the part geometry as close as possible to the nominal one, represents one of the major challenges to make SPIF process suitable for real industrial applications. However, any possible approach in springback compensation must pass through the comprehension of the springback phenomenon. The objective of the paper is to analyze the springback of parts made by SPIF, by evaluating the influence that elastic recovery before and after the part unclamping has on the final part geometry. A SPIF experimental campaign was carried out on a truncated pyramid as case study, by varying both the part geometrical parameters (the wall angle and the height), and the process parameters (the tool step-down size and the feed rate). The material used in this study was the duplex steel DP600 provided in 0.8 mm thick sheets. After forming—but before unclamping—the part geometry was measured by means of of an electronic touch probe mounted on the machine tool-holder, in order to investigate the elastic recovery due to the successive tool laps. After unclamping, the part geometry was measured on a coordinate measuring machine. The influence of geometrical and process parameters was analyzed and the contribution of elastic recovery before and after the part unclamping was assessed.

Fringe projection profilometry using rigid and flexible endoscopes

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Matthias ◽  
Jochen Schlobohm ◽  
Markus Kästner ◽  
Eduard Reithmeier
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fringe Projection ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Confined Spaces ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Inspection Tasks

AbstractQuality control is an important aspect of modern production processes. Obtaining quantitative information not only helps to ensure the function of machinery and products, but also enables cost reduction by feedback control of process parameters. A multitude of modern industrial applications feature an increasing amount of highly integrated machinery, resulting in a requirement for new measuring devices. Two new measuring systems are presented for in-situ inspection tasks in confined spaces. A combination of endoscopy techniques with structured illumination enables capturing areal 3-D geometry information of functional elements in integrated machinery. Depending on the requirements for inspection, either rigid or flexible image guides may be used to transport the structured light patterns. While a flexible endoscope allows for a more flexible positioning of the sensor head, its resolution is limited by the number of individual fiber cores. Alternatively, if constraints on the versatility of sensor positioning can be accepted, rigid endoscopes feature higher image quality. Both approaches are described in detail and compared based on evaluations on features of a calibrated micro contour standard.

Rapid prototyping models and their quality evaluation using reverse engineering

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Zhang ◽  
V H Raja ◽  
K J Fernandes ◽  
C Ryall ◽  
D Wimpenny
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Wide Range

This paper presents the results of a systematic research project carried out for evaluating the quality of a wide range of rapid prototyping (RP) models used in the manufacture of wax patterns for investment casting. The evaluation was based on geometrical accuracy, surface finish, visual inspection of RP patterns and the final casting process, compatibility with the standard casting process and casting quality based on X-ray analysis. A real high-integrity aerospace component was selected for these trials. Eight RP models of this component were constructed for each of the six different RP technologies. Based upon the requirements of the industrial applications, eight geometrical parameters for the example component have been chosen for the evaluation. These are four orientation angles, two diameters, one roundness and one surface flatness. Reverse engineering technology has been applied for the measurement of these eight parameters to overcome the difficulties faced by conventional inspection methods. In this paper it is hoped to present a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the RP models for each RP method investigated. The findings provide meaningful information for industry to select RP technology best suited to their production requirements in order to reduce the leading time of product development.

A Comprehensive Computational Study on OCH+-Rg (Rg = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) Complexes

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghong Sheng ◽  
Jerzy Leszczynski
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Rare Gas ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
Equilibrium Geometries

The equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frenquencies, and the dissociation energies of the OCH+-Rg (Rg = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) complexes were calculated at the DFT, MP2, MP4, CCSD, and CCSD(T) levels of theory. In the lighter OCH+-Rg (Rg = He, Ne, Ar) rare gas complexes, the DFT and MP4 methods tend to produce longer Rg-H+ distance than the CCSD(T) level value, and the CCSD-calculated Rg-H+ bond lengths are slightly shorter. DFT method is not reliable to study weak interaction in the OCH+-He and OCH+-Ne complexes. A qualitative result can be obtained for OCH+-Ar complex by using the DFT method; however, a higher-level method using a larger basis set is required for the quantitative predictions. For heavier atom (Kr, Xe)-containing complexes, only the CCSD method predicted longer Rg-H+ distance than that obtained at the CCSD(T) level. The DFT method can be applied to obtain the semiquantitative results. The relativistic effects are expected to have minor effect on the geometrical parameters, the H+-C stretching mode, and the dissociation energy. However, the dissociation energies are sensitive to the quality of the basis set. The nature of interaction between the OCH+ ion and Rg atoms was also analyzed in terms of the interaction energy components.

scholarly journals Smoothing additive manufactured parts using ns-pulsed laser radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kuisat ◽  
Fernando Lasagni ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Pulsed Laser Radiation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIt is well known that the surface topography of a part can affect its mechanical performance, which is typical in additive manufacturing. In this context, we report about the surface modification of additive manufactured components made of Titanium 64 (Ti64) and Scalmalloy®, using a pulsed laser, with the aim of reducing their surface roughness. In our experiments, a nanosecond-pulsed infrared laser source with variable pulse durations between 8 and 200 ns was applied. The impact of varying a large number of parameters on the surface quality of the smoothed areas was investigated. The results demonstrated a reduction of surface roughness Sa by more than 80% for Titanium 64 and by 65% for Scalmalloy® samples. This allows to extend the applicability of additive manufactured components beyond the current state of the art and break new ground for the application in various industrial applications such as in aerospace.

scholarly journals Replicating the complexity of natural surfaces: technique validation and applications for biomimetics, ecology and evolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2138) ◽  
pp. 20180265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charchit Kumar ◽  
Alejandro Palacios ◽  
Venkata A. Surapaneni ◽  
Georg Bold ◽  
Marc Thielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Information ◽  
Cross Covariance ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Structural Aspects

The surfaces of animals, plants and abiotic structures are not only important for organismal survival, but they have also inspired countless biomimetic and industrial applications. Additionally, the surfaces of animals and plants exhibit an unprecedented level of diversity, and animals often move on the surface of plants. Replicating these surfaces offers a number of advantages, such as preserving a surface that is likely to degrade over time, controlling for non-structural aspects of surfaces, such as compliance and chemistry, and being able to produce large areas of a small surface. In this paper, we compare three replication techniques among a number of species of plants, a technical surface and a rock. We then use two model parameters (cross-covariance function ratio and relative topography difference) to develop a unique method for quantitatively evaluating the quality of the replication. Finally, we outline future directions that can employ highly accurate surface replications, including ecological and evolutionary studies, biomechanical experiments, industrial applications and improving haptic properties of bioinspired surfaces. The recent advances associated with surface replication and imaging technology have formed a foundation on which to incorporate surface information into biological sciences and to improve industrial and biomimetic applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology’.

scholarly journals 3D-Printed Multilayer Sensor Structure for Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kowalska ◽  
Robert Banasiak ◽  
Andrzej Romanowski ◽  
Dominik Sankowski
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Test ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Internal Measurement ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Presently, Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is positioned as a relatively mature and inexpensive tool for the diagnosis of non-conductive industrial processes. For most industrial applications, a hand-made approach for an ECT sensor and its 3D extended structure fabrication is used. Moreover, a hand-made procedure is often inaccurate, complicated, and time-consuming. Another drawback is that a hand-made ECT sensor’s geometrical parameters, mounting base profile thickness, and electrode array shape usually depends on the structure of industrial test objects, tanks, and containers available on the market. Most of the traditionally fabricated capacitance tomography sensors offer external measurements only with electrodes localized outside of the test object. Although internal measurement is possible, it is often difficult to implement. This leads to limited in-depth scanning abilities and poor sensitivity distribution of traditionally fabricated ECT sensors. In this work we propose, demonstrate, and validate experimentally a new 3D ECT sensor fabrication process. The proposed solution uses a computational workflow that incorporates both 3D computer modeling and 3D-printing techniques. Such a 3D-printed structure can be of any shape, and the electrode layout can be easily fitted to a broad range of industrial applications. A developed solution offers an internal measurement due to negligible thickness of sensor mount base profile. This paper analyses and compares measurement capabilities of a traditionally fabricated 3D ECT sensor with novel 3D-printed design. The authors compared two types of the 3D ECT sensors using experimental capacitance measurements for a set of low-contrast and high-contrast permittivity distribution phantoms. The comparison demonstrates advantages and benefits of using the new 3D-printed spatial capacitance sensor regarding the significant fabrication time reduction as well as the improvement of overall measurement accuracy and stability.

Thermoelectrical properties of graphene knife-coated cellulosic fabrics for defect monitoring in Joule-heated textiles

2022 ◽  
pp. 152808372110569
Author(s):  
Tamara Ruiz-Calleja ◽  
Rocío Calderón-Villajos ◽  
Marilés Bonet-Aracil ◽  
Eva Bou-Belda ◽  
Jaime Gisbert-Payá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Voltage Application ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Coated Fabrics ◽  
Conductive Particles

Knife-coating can confer new properties on different textile substrates efficiently by integrating various compounds into the coating paste. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) is one of the most used elements for the functionalization of fabrics in recent years, providing electrical and thermal conductivity to fabrics, later used to develop products such as sensors or heated garments. This paper reports thermoelectrically conductive textiles fabrication through knife-coating of cellulosic fabrics with a GNP load from 0.4 to 2 wt% within an acrylic coating paste. The fabric doped with the highest GNP content reaches a temperature increase of 100°C in few seconds. Besides, it is found out that the thermographic images obtained during the electrical voltage application provide maps of irregularities in the dispersion of conductive particles of the coating and defects produced throughout their useful life. Therefore, the application of a low voltage on the coated fabrics allows fast and effective heating by Joule’s effect, whose thermographic images, in turn, can be used as structural maps to check the quality of the GNP doped coating. The temperature values and the heating rate obtained make these fabrics suitable for heating devices, anti-ice and de-ice systems, and protective equipment, which would be of great interest for industrial applications.

Structure of InAs Quantum Dots in Si Matrix Investigated by High Resolution Electron Microscopy

1999 ◽  
Vol 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Zakharov ◽  
P. Werner ◽  
V. M. Ustinov ◽  
A.R. Kovsh ◽  
G. E. Cirlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Inas Quantum Dots ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Electron

ABSTRACTQuantum dot structures containing 2 and 7 layers of small coherent InAs clusters embedded into a Si single crystal matrix were grown by MBE. The structure of these clusters was investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The crystallographic quality of the structure severely depends on the substrate temperature, growth sequence, and the geometrical parameters of the sample. The investigation demonstrates that Si can incorporate a limited volume of InAs in a form of small coherent clusters about 3 nm in diameter. If the deposited InAs layer exceeds a critical thickness, large dislocated InAs precipitates are formed during Si overgrowth accumulating the excess of InAs.

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